scholarly journals Role of Calcium/Calcineurin Signalling in Regulating Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Guohui Li ◽  
Wenxuan Fu ◽  
Yu Deng ◽  
Yunying Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Amino Acid Permease ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
High Calcium

The calcium/calcineurin signalling pathway is required for cell survival under various environmental stresses. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we explored the mechanism underlying calcium-regulated homeostasis of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that deletion of acyltransferase Akr1 and C-5 sterol desaturase Erg3 increased the intracellular ROS levels and cell death, and this could be inhibited by the addition of calcium. The hexose transporter Hxt1 and the amino acid permease Agp1 play crucial roles in maintaining intracellular ROS levels, and calcium induced the expression of the HXT1 and AGP1 genes. The cytosolic calcium concentration was decreased in both the akr1Δ and erg3Δ mutants relative to wild-type cells, potentially lowering basal expression of HXT1 and AGP1. Moreover, the calcium/calcineurin signalling pathway also induced the expression of AKR1 and ERG3, indicating that Akr1 and Erg3 might perform functions that help yeast cells to survive under high calcium concentrations. Our results provided mechanistic insight into how calcium regulated intracellular ROS levels in yeast.

Toxicity Mechanism of Formic Acid is Directly Linked to ROS Burst and Oxidative Damage in Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1060-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Du
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Burst ◽  
Cells Death

In this paper the survival rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells after the formic acid treatment of different concentration was determined firstly, and cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were labeled with fluorescent probes of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and treated with formic acid, then intracellular reactive oxygen species was detected with confocal microscopy and flow cytometer. The results show that formic acid can lead to the rapid burst of intracellular reactive oxygen species. We speculated that the outbreak of the formic acid-induced reactive oxygen species and corresponding oxidative damage is the leading cause of the yeast cells death.

Reduced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptotic status are not correlated with increases in cryotolerance of bovine embryos produced in vitro in the presence of antioxidants

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália A. S. Rocha-Frigoni ◽  
Beatriz C. S. Leão ◽  
Ériklis Nogueira ◽  
Mônica F. Accorsi ◽  
Gisele Z. Mingoti
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Intracellular Ros

The effects of intracellular (cysteine and β-mercaptoethanol) and extracellular (catalase) antioxidant supplementation at different times during in vitro production (IVM and/or in vitro culture (IVC)) on bovine embryo development, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, apoptosis and re-expansion rates after a vitrification–thawing process were examined. Blastocyst frequencies were not affected by either antioxidant supplementation (40.5%–56.4%) or the timing of supplementation (41.7%–55.4%) compared with control (48.7%; P > 0.05). Similarly, antioxidants and the moment of supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) the total number of blastomeres (86.2–90.5 and 84.4–90.5, respectively) compared with control (85.7). However, the percentage of apoptotic cells was reduced (P < 0.05) in groups supplemented during IVM (1.7%), IVC (2.0%) or both (1.8%) compared with control (4.3%). Intracellular ROS levels measured in Day 7 blastocysts were reduced (P < 0.05) in all groups (0.60–0.78), with the exception of the group supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol during IVC (0.88), which did not differ (P > 0.05) from that in the control group (1.00). Re-expansion rates were not affected (P > 0.05) by the treatments (50.0%–93.0%). In conclusion, antioxidant supplementation during IVM and/or IVC reduces intracellular ROS and the rate of apoptosis; however, supplementation does not increase embryonic development and survival after vitrification.

scholarly journals Reactive oxygen species generators affect quality parameters and apoptosis markers differently in red deer spermatozoa

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Martínez-Pastor ◽  
Eduardo Aisen ◽  
María Rocío Fernández-Santos ◽  
Milagros C Esteso ◽  
Alejandro Maroto-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Caspase Activation ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Apoptosis Markers

Fe2+/ascorbate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase (XOD) are commonly used for inducing oxidative stress on spermatozoa. A comparative study of these agents was carried out on thawed spermatozoa from red deer. First, we tested a high, medium, and low concentration of each agent: 100, 10, and 1 μM Fe2+ (hydroxyl radical generator); 1 mM, 100, and 10 μM H2O2; and 100, 10, and 1 mU/ml XOD (superoxide and H2O2 generator), incubated at 37 °C for 180 min. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2DCFDA) increased with dose and time similarly for the three systems at each concentration level. Motility and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were considerably decreased by H2O2 (1 mM and 100 μM) and XOD (100 and 10 mU/ml). Only 1 mM H2O2 reduced viability. The antioxidant Trolox (10 μM) reduced intracellular ROS, but could not prevent the H2O2 or XOD effects. In a second experiment, YO-PRO-1 and M540 were used as apoptotic and membrane stability markers respectively. Only H2O2 increased the proportion of apoptotic and membrane-destabilized spermatozoa. Catalase added to XOD prevented Δψm loss, confirming that H2O2 was the causative agent, not superoxide. In a third experiment, caspase activation was tested using the (FAM-VAD-FMK) probe. Viable spermatozoa with activated caspases could be detected in untreated samples, and only H2O2 increased their proportion after 60 min. There were important differences between ROS generators, H2O2 being the most cytotoxic. Although H2O2 and XOD caused Δψm dissipation, this was not reflected in increasing apoptotic markers.

A Novel pH-responsive Fe-MOF System for Enhanced Cancer Treatment Mediated by Fenton Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senlin Wang ◽  
Hong-Shuai Wu ◽  
Kai Sun ◽  
Jinzhong Hu ◽  
Fanghui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cationic Polymer ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ph Responsive

Recently, the toxic hydroxyl radical (·OH) has received wide interest in inducing cell apoptosis by increasing the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Herein, a cationic polymer (MV-PAH) was rationally...

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