scholarly journals Addendum: Ishida et al. Formula for the Cross-Sectional Area of the Muscles of the Third Lumbar Vertebra Level from the Twelfth Thoracic Vertebra Level Slice on Computed Tomography. Geriatrics 2020, 5, 47

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Yuria Ishida ◽  
Keisuke Maeda ◽  
Yosuke Yamanaka ◽  
Remi Matsuyama ◽  
Ryoko Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Thoracic Vertebra ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Published Paper

The authors would like to make an addendum to their published paper [...]

scholarly journals Formula for the Cross-Sectional Area of the Muscles of the Third Lumbar Vertebra Level from the Twelfth Thoracic Vertebra Level Slice on Computed Tomography

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Yuria Ishida ◽  
Keisuke Maeda ◽  
Yosuke Yamanaka ◽  
Remi Matsuyama ◽  
Ryoko Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Thoracic Vertebra ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of this study was to investigate a means by which to reflect muscle mass using chest computed tomography (CT). A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients aged ≥ 65 years having abdominal and chest CT scans. The formula to predict third lumbar vertebra (L3) cross-sectional area (CSA) of the muscles from the erector muscles of the spine at the twelfth thoracic vertebra (Th12) level slice on CT was created using the five-fold cross-validation method. Correlation between predicted L3 CSA and measured L3 CSA of the muscles was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and correlation coefficients (r) in the data of the development, and predictability was examined with accuracy and F-values in the validation study. The development study included 161 patients. The developed formula was as follows: −1006.38 + 16.29 × age + 1161.80 × sex (if female, 0; if male, 1) + 55.91 × body weight + 2.22 × CSA of the erector muscles at Th12. The formula demonstrated strong concordance and correlation (ICC = 0.849 [0.800–0.887] and r = 0.858 [0.811–0.894]). The validation study included 34 patients. The accuracy and F-value between predicted CSA and measured CSA were high (accuracy = 0.889–0.944, F-value = 0.931–0.968). We developed a formula predicting CSA at L3 using Th12 CT slice. This formula could be used to assess decreased muscle mass even with chest CT alone.

Anatomical Relations in the Carpal Tunnel: A Computed Tomographic Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
W. JESSURUN ◽  
B. HILLEN ◽  
F. ZONNEVELD ◽  
A. J. C. HUFFSTADT ◽  
J. W. F. BEKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Flexor Retinaculum ◽  
The Cross

Computed tomography of the carpal tunnel was performed in the hands of both patients and controls in a neutral position, in flexion and in extension. The median nerve was not compressed between the long flexors and the flexor retinaculum in either flexion or extension of the wrist. In flexion, the nerve usually moved dorsally, away from the flexor retinaculum. No difference could be found between the cross-sectional area of the carpal tunnel between patients and controls.

What does inductance plethysmography really measure?

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1749-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Martinot-Lagarde ◽  
R. Sartene ◽  
M. Mathieu ◽  
G. Durand
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pattern Shape ◽  
The Cross

Inasmuch as it has been claimed that inductance plethysmography can measure cross-sectional area changes, we tested this assumption. We present experimental and computed relationships between self-inductance (L) of coils and areas (A) included inside for a coil with a well-defined side wavy pattern (triangular or sinusoidal) and for a real belt (Respitrace) placed on elliptical or rectangular configurations. The results are applied to the physiological field using measurements obtained from a computed tomography experiment. We demonstrate that the L-A relationships vary not only with shape or ellipticity of the cross section but also with the wavy pattern shape. This last parameter is critical because it is difficult to actually control. When the coil wavy pattern remains steady, there are some physiological situations where inductance plethysmography can more accurately estimate area changes: when the configuration shape is constant, the correspondence between delta L and delta A is almost linear with a shape-dependent sensitivity; when the configuration is nearly circular (ellipticity in the range 0.8-1), the relative error in delta A estimation is less than 5%.

scholarly journals The Quantitative Assessment of Respiratory Muscles by Computed Tomography in Patients of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
Yujia Cao ◽  
Yan Cui ◽  
Baoyu Yuan ◽  
Yijing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract Objectives Progressive weakness of respiratory muscle is common to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which leads to respiratory failure, even death. The evaluation of respiratory muscle is essential to evaluate the severity during the progression of the disease and choose appropriate interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the respiratory muscles change of the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by regular chest computed tomography. Methods The cross-sectional area of respiratory muscles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients was retrospectively reviewed. The severity of the disease was determined by the value of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis function score scale. A healthy control group was selected with well-matched to the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Results Compared with the healthy control group, the cross-sectional area of the diaphragm muscle was lower in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. The reduced cross-sectional area of respiratory muscles has a positive correlation with a lower amyotrophic lateral sclerosis function score. Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis further showed a significant reduction in the cross-sectional area of respiratory muscles after 6-8 months.Conclusions The single-slice axial computed tomography is a fast and reliable method to quantitatively assess the cross-sectional area of respiratory muscles, especially diaphragm muscle, in disease progression.

The Labyrinthine Portion of the Facial Canal

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wadin ◽  
H. Wilbrand
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Medial Part ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Shape And Size

The variational radiographic anatomy of the labyrinthine portion of the facial canal was investigated in 200 plastic and silicone casts of unselected temporal bone specimens by means of multidirectional and computed tomography in different projections. The labyrinthine portion of the canal varied considerably in shape and size; in some specimens the cross-section was circular, but often the canal was crumpled and flattened in its passage above the cochlea. The medial part of the labyrinthine portion was narrowest, the lowest cross-sectional area being 0.5 mm2. In spite of optimal positioning of the specimen it was not always possible to reproduce the entire labyrinthine portion of the canal completely. Most difficult to reproduce were specimens with extremely small vertical diameters and marked caudal sloping of the canal.

scholarly journals Atrophy patterns in isolated subscapularis lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Seppel ◽  
Andreas Voss ◽  
Daniel J. H. Henderson ◽  
Simone Waldt ◽  
Bernhard Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subscapularis Muscle ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Background While supraspinatus atrophy can be described according to the system of Zanetti or Thomazeau there is still a lack of characterization of isolated subscapularis muscle atrophy. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of muscle atrophy following repair of isolated subscapularis (SSC) tendon. Methods Forty-nine control shoulder MRI scans, without rotator cuff pathology, atrophy or fatty infiltration, were prospectively evaluated and subscapularis diameters as well as cross sectional areas (complete and upper half) were assessed in a standardized oblique sagittal plane. Calculation of the ratio between the upper half of the cross sectional area (CSA) and the total CSA was performed. Eleven MRI scans of patients with subscapularis atrophy following isolated subscapularis tendon tears were analysed and cross sectional area ratio (upper half /total) determined. To guarantee reliable measurement of the CSA and its ratio, bony landmarks were also defined. All parameters were statistically compared for inter-rater reliability, reproducibility and capacity to quantify subscapularis atrophy. Results The mean age in the control group was 49.7 years (± 15.0). The mean cross sectional area (CSA) was 2367.0 mm2 (± 741.4) for the complete subscapularis muscle and 1048.2 mm2 (± 313.3) for the upper half, giving a mean ratio of 0.446 (± 0.046). In the subscapularis repair group the mean age was 56.7 years (± 9.3). With a mean cross sectional area of 1554.7 mm2 (± 419.9) for the complete and of 422.9 mm2 (± 173.6) for the upper half of the subscapularis muscle, giving a mean CSA ratio of 0.269 (± 0.065) which was seen to be significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Analysis of typical atrophy patterns of the subscapularis muscle demonstrates that the CSA ratio represents a reliable and reproducible assessment tool in quantifying subscapularis atrophy. We propose the classification of subscapularis atrophy as Stage I (mild atrophy) in case of reduction of the cross sectional area ratio < 0.4, Stage II (moderate atrophy) in case of < 0.35 and Stage III (severe atrophy) if < 0.3.

The area of eye muscle of beef cattle carcasses

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Cross

Variations in the cross-sectional area of eye muscle of carcasses cut between the tenth and eleventh ribs were investigated, using 105 Hereford and 51 Angus steers aged 20 months. These cattle consisted of three groups, born in successive years. At constant carcass weight, statistically significant differences in eye muscle area were found between breeds and between years. Breed and year differences were also found in eye muscle area with width and depth of eye muscle constant, so that there are limitations to the estimation of eye muscle area from width and depth measurements. A nomograph is given for estimating eye muscle area from width and depth for Hereford and Angus cattle, when all animals are reared in the same year and environment. The use of eye muscle area as an indicator of weight of carcass muscle is discussed.

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