scholarly journals Electronic Cigarettes and Smoking Cessation in the Perioperative Period of Cardiothoracic Surgery: Views of Australian Clinicians

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nia Luxton ◽  
Patti Shih ◽  
Muhammad Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
To Receive

For patients who smoke, electronic cigarettes may offer a pathway to achieve tobacco abstinence and reduce the risk of postoperative complications. Clinicians have a pivotal role in supporting smoking cessation by patients with lung cancer and coronary artery disease throughout the perioperative period of cardiothoracic surgery. However, the views of Australian cardiothoracic clinicians on electronic cigarettes and smoking cessation are unknown. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 52 cardiothoracic surgeons, anaesthetists, nurses and physiotherapists in six hospitals in Sydney and thematically analysed. Clinicians’ knowledge about electronic cigarettes and the regulatory environment surrounding them was limited. Clinicians believed that: electronic cigarettes, though unlikely to be safe, were safer than tobacco cigarettes; electronic cigarettes may have a harm reduction role in public health; and electronic cigarettes were a potential smoking cessation tool for the extraordinary circumstances of surgery. The professional role of a clinician and their views about electronic cigarettes as a perioperative smoking cessation aid had an influence on future clinician-patient interactions. Electronic cigarette use is increasing in Australia and clinicians are likely to receive more frequent questions about electronic cigarettes as a cessation aid. Stronger guidance for clinicians is needed on the topic of electronic cigarettes and cardiothoracic surgery.

scholarly journals Uptake and Perceptions of E-cigarette use in Vascular Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Rachael Taylor ◽  
David Sidloff ◽  
Robert D. Sayers ◽  
Matthew J. Bown ◽  
Athanasios Saratzis
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Initial Interviews

Introduction: Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular. However, little is known regarding their patterns of use in patients with established CVD.Aims: We aimed to assess the perceptions and patterns of use of e-cigarettes in patients presenting to a vascular clinic.Methods: We performed a qualitative study to identify perceptions and beliefs about e-cigarettes. Semi-structured interviews of consecutive patients consenting to participate were performed over five-months. Individuals were recruited from a vascular surgery outpatient clinic. Initial interviews were based on a questionnaire. Further structured interviews were conducted with patients currently using e-cigarettes, which were transcribed and analysed to assess perceptions and patterns of use.Results/Findings: Four overarching themes emerged: attraction to e-cigarettes as a harm reduction/smoking cessation strategy; uncertainty regarding the risks of e-cigarettes; use of various types of smoking cessation strategies; dual use and often complete relapse to tobacco products.Conclusions: Patients with established CVD view e-cigarettes as a means of smoking cessation; however, many relapse to tobacco products or use both simultaneously. Further research is necessary regarding the role of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation in this high-risk group.

E-Cigarettes, Cigarettes, and the Prevalence of Adolescent Tobacco Use

2017 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis ◽  
Robert Urman ◽  
Adam M. Leventhal ◽  
W. James Gauderman ◽  
Tess Boley Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Adolescent Tobacco Use

BACKGROUND Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among adolescents has increased since their introduction into the US market in 2007. Little is known about the role of e-cigarette psychosocial factors on risk of e-cigarette or cigarette use in adolescence. METHODS Information on e-cigarette and cigarette psychosocial factors (use and attitudes about use in the home and among friends) was collected from 11th- and 12th-grade participants in the Southern California Children’s Health Study during the spring of 2014. RESULTS Of 2084 participants, 499 (24.0%) had used an e-cigarette, including 200 (9.6%) current users (past 30 days); 390 participants (18.7%) had smoked a combustible cigarette, and 119 (5.7%) were current cigarette smokers. Cigarette and e-cigarette use were correlated. Nevertheless, 40.5% (n = 81) of current e-cigarette users had never smoked a cigarette. Psychosocial factors (home use of each product, friends’ use of and positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and participant perception of the harm of e-cigarettes were strongly positively associated both with e-cigarette and cigarette use. Most youth who reported e-cigarette use had friends who used e-cigarettes, and almost half of current users reported that they did not believe there were health risks associated with e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal studies of adolescents are needed to determine whether the strong association of e-cigarette psychosocial factors with both e-cigarette and cigarette use will lead to increased cigarette use or dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, or whether e-cigarettes will serve as a gateway to cigarette use.

scholarly journals ‘I Felt Welcomed in Like They’re a Little Family in There, I Felt Like I Was Joining a Team or Something’: Vape Shop Customers’ Experiences of E-Cigarette Use, Vape Shops and the Vaping Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Langley ◽  
Rebecca Bell-Williams ◽  
Julie Pattinson ◽  
John Britton ◽  
Manpreet Bains
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Service Model ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
East Midlands ◽  
Framework Approach ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Vape Shops

Background: Specialist electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) shops, known as vape shops, provide access to a less harmful alternative to smoking. This study aimed to understand customers’ experiences of vaping and vape shops, and the extent to which smoking cessation advice is and should be provided in these shops. Methods: We conducted telephone interviews with 22 customers recruited in vape shops in the East Midlands region of England. Interviews explored participants’ smoking histories, reasons for using e-cigarettes, the role of vape shops in their e-cigarette use, and whether smoking cessation was discussed in vape shops. Interviews were analysed following framework approach principles. Results: Most respondents regarded e-cigarettes as a quitting tool and reported very positive experiences of vaping. Vape shops were central to participants’ positive experiences, in that they provided access to a wide variety of high-quality products and reliable product information and advice. The shop staff engendered a sense of loyalty in customers which, together with the community of other vapers, created a network that helped to support e-cigarette use. Vape shops were not regarded as a setting in which cessation advice was generally provided but were acknowledged as potentially appropriate places to provide quitting support. Conclusions: Vape shops have the potential to play an important role in tobacco harm reduction, which could be increased if their service model were to extend to help smokers to quit.

E-cigarettes and vaping – a panacea or a bane to smoking in current times?

2020 ◽  
pp. 103985622095009
Author(s):  
Guna Kanniah ◽  
Shailesh Kumar ◽  
Soumil Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
The World

Objective: Use of electronic cigarettes has increased across the world in the last decade with heavy investment from the tobacco industry targeting younger population through well-designed marketing campaigns portraying e-cigarettes as harmless, less addictive and effective in smoking cessation while delivering higher nicotine concentration. The safety profile of e-cigarettes is reviewed in this paper. Conclusions: The safety of e-cigarettes and the chemicals they contain have not been evaluated rigorously. Emerging data suggest e-cigarette use could do severe harm. People with serious mental illness, already the highest nicotine consumers, could be exploited by the tobacco industry.

Beliefs and concerns African American (AA) and white (W) patients (pts) with breast, lung, and colon cancer bring to bear on the decision to undergo chemotherapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9076-9076
Author(s):  
D. Smith ◽  
B. N. Polite ◽  
F. Hlubocky ◽  
S. Gehlert ◽  
C. K. Daugherty
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Physician Trust ◽  
To Receive

9076 Background: AA have poorer stage-specific survival for breast, colon and lung cancer than whites and are also less likely to receive therapy for these cancers. This study seeks to explore the set of beliefs and concerns patients with primarily resected breast, lung, and colon cancer bring to bear on the decision to receive chemotherapy. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted and recorded by a non-physician, African-American interviewer on patients with colon, breast, and lung cancer referred to medical oncology for chemotherapy. Grounded theory methods were used to analyze and code the interview transcripts. Results: A total of 27 interviews were conducted (17AA, 10W) including pts with breast (5), colon (6) and lung cancer (16). All but 7 of the pts were referred for adjuvant therapy. Three major themes emerged: (1) Patient versus physician control in decision making; (2) Absolute trust in one's physician versus qualified trust; (3) Major role of God in the decision making process versus a partnership or minimal role of God. In terms of decision-making, roughly equal portions of AA and W (53% vs 54%) expressed a patient centered locus of control. In the area of trust, AA were less likely to express an absolute trust in their physicians (59% vs. 80%). Finally, with respect to the role of God, AA were more likely to express a major role of God for their cancer and treatment (41% vs. 7%). Very few pts viewed the opinion or advice of family or friends as important and while many expressed concerns about the side-effects of therapy, very few identified that as being an important factor in their decision to undergo therapy. Conclusions: Issues of locus of control, physician trust and the role of God were areas identified as important in the chemotherapy decision-making process and for which variability existed among the pts interviewed. Analysis of these interviews informed the incorporation of validated measures of decision-making, physician trust, and the role of God as a locus of control in an ongoing close-coded survey of a similar cancer population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking and Schizophrenia: Etiology, Clinical, Pharmacological, and Treatment Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jack Baichao Ding ◽  
Kevin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Significant Cost

Recent data suggests that the prevalence of smoking in schizophrenia remains high. While reports suggest that smoking increases the risk of developing schizophrenia, the potential causative role of smoking in this relationship needs further investigation. Smokers with schizophrenia are more likely to have more intense positive symptoms and lower cognitive function, but diminished intensity of extrapyramidal side effects than nonsmoking patients with schizophrenia. They were also more likely to exhibit aggressive behaviour compared to nonsmokers, which could suggest higher levels of baseline aggression. The significant cost associated with regular tobacco expenditure can detract from investment in key domains. Large-scale trials have shown that pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation is effective and does not worsen the risk of developing neuropsychiatric symptoms compared to placebo. Electronic cigarette use among schizophrenia patients is high, and there is emerging evidence supportive of its efficacy. Future improvements include large-scale trials assessing the utility, efficacy, and safety of electronic cigarettes in schizophrenia patients.

scholarly journals E-cigarette Usage Is Associated With Increased Past-12-Month Quit Attempts and Successful Smoking Cessation in Two US Population–Based Surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1331-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Johnson ◽  
Yinjiao Ma ◽  
Sherri L Fisher ◽  
Alex T Ramsey ◽  
Li-Shiun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
The Us ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Demographic Shifts

Abstract Introduction We examined past-12-month quit attempts and smoking cessation from 2006 to 2016 while accounting for demographic shifts in the US population. In addition, we sought to understand whether the current use of electronic cigarettes was associated with a change in past-12-month quit attempts and successful smoking cessation at the population level. Methods We analyzed data from 25- to 44-year-olds from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) from 2006 to 2016 (N = 26,354) and the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) in 2006–2007, 2010–2011, and 2014–2015 (N = 33,627). Data on e-cigarette use were available in the 2014–2016 NHIS and 2014–2015 TUS-CPS surveys. Results Past-12-month quit attempts and smoking cessation increased in recent years compared with 2006. Current e-cigarette use was associated with higher quit attempts (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.87 to 2.81, p < .001) and greater smoking cessation (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.21 to 2.21, p = .001) in the NHIS. Multivariable logistic regression of the TUS-CPS data showed that current e-cigarette use was similarly significantly associated with increased past-12-month quit attempts and smoking cessation. Significant interactions were found for smoking frequency (everyday and some-day smoking) and current e-cigarette use for both outcomes (p < .0001) with the strongest positive effects seen in everyday smokers. Conclusions Compared with 2006, past-12-month quit attempts and smoking cessation increased among adults aged 25–44 in recent years. Current e-cigarette use was associated with increased past-12-month quit attempts and successful smoking cessation among established smokers. These findings are relevant to future tobacco policy decisions. Implications E-cigarettes were introduced into the US market over the past decade. During this period, past-12-month quit attempts and smoking cessation have increased among US adults aged 25–44. These trends are inconsistent with the hypothesis that e-cigarette use is delaying quit attempts and leading to decreased smoking cessation. In contrast, current e-cigarette use was associated with significantly higher past-12-month quit attempts and past-12-month cessation. These findings suggest that e-cigarette use contributes to a reduction in combustible cigarette use among established smokers.

Psychosocial Factors Associated With Adolescent Electronic Cigarette and Cigarette Use

2017 ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis ◽  
Kiros Berhane ◽  
Jennifer B. Unger ◽  
Tess Boley Cruz ◽  
Jimi Huh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
The Us ◽  
Current Cigarette

BACKGROUND Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among adolescents has increased since their introduction into the US market in 2007. Little is known about the role of e-cigarette psychosocial factors on risk of e-cigarette or cigarette use in adolescence. METHODS Information on e-cigarette and cigarette psychosocial factors (use and attitudes about use in the home and among friends) was collected from 11th- and 12th-grade participants in the Southern California Children’s Health Study during the spring of 2014. RESULTS Of 2084 participants, 499 (24.0%) had used an e-cigarette, including 200 (9.6%) current users (past 30 days); 390 participants (18.7%) had smoked a combustible cigarette, and 119 (5.7%) were current cigarette smokers. Cigarette and e-cigarette use were correlated. Nevertheless, 40.5% (n = 81) of current e-cigarette users had never smoked a cigarette. Psychosocial factors (home use of each product, friends’ use of and positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and participant perception of the harm of e-cigarettes were strongly positively associated both with e-cigarette and cigarette use. Most youth who reported e-cigarette use had friends who used e-cigarettes, and almost half of current users reported that they did not believe there were health risks associated with e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal studies of adolescents are needed to determine whether the strong association of e-cigarette psychosocial factors with both e-cigarette and cigarette use will lead to increased cigarette use or dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, or whether e-cigarettes will serve as a gateway to cigarette use.

scholarly journals SUN-603 Electronic Cigarette Exposure Induces Pro-Inflammatory Changes in Adipose Tissue in Apolipoprotein E (APOE) Knockout Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Espinoza-Derout ◽  
Xuesi M Shao ◽  
Jocelyn Molina-Mancio ◽  
Kamrul M Hasan ◽  
Norma Mtume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Inflammatory Phenotype ◽  
Apoe Knockout Mice ◽  
Apoe Ko Mice ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Abstract Electronic nicotine delivery systems or electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming exceptionally popular in the world as an alternative to conventional nicotine cigarettes, both in smokers and people who have never smoked. Nicotine can induce lipolysis in adipose tissue, leading to increased serum free fatty acids (FFA). Increased levels of FFA are one of the key elements in inducing a pro-inflammatory response and lead to ectopic lipid accumulation, lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disease. Our laboratory has shown that chronic e-cigarette exposure induces cardiac dysfunction, atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis in the ApoE knockout (KO) model associated with increased levels of serum FFA. In this study, we investigated the role of adipose tissue in the metabolic changes associated with e-cigarette exposure. ApoE KO mice were exposed to saline, e-cigarette without nicotine [e-cigarette (0%)] and e-cigarette with 2.4% nicotine [e-cigarette (2.4%)] aerosol for 12 weeks. Western blot analyses from adipose tissue showed that mice treated with e-cigarette (2.4%) had decrease levels of SIRT1 when compared to mice treated with saline or e-cigarette (0%). Transcriptomic analysis of the differentially expressed genes shows a differential transcriptional response to e-cigarette (2.4%) in adipose tissue in comparison with e-cigarette (0%) or saline. The RNA-seq examination using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software, revealed dysregulation of fibrosis, agranulocyte and granulocyte adhesion and diapedesis pathways in e-cigarette (2.4%) -exposed adipose tissue. Overall, we found an inflammatory phenotype associated with decreased levels of SIRT1 in adipose tissue of mice treated with e-cigarette (2.4%). Understanding the consequences of e-cigarette use on metabolic disease is directly relevant to the development of policies related to e-cigarette use.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes and health with special focus on cardiovascular effects: position paper of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)

2020 ◽  
pp. 204748732094199
Author(s):  
Maryam Kavousi ◽  
Charlotta Pisinger ◽  
Jean-Claude Barthelemy ◽  
Delphine De Smedt ◽  
Konstantinos Koskinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
European Association ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
The Impact

Background Tobacco use is the single largest preventable risk factor for premature death of non-communicable diseases and the second leading cause of cardiovascular disease. In response to the harmful effects of tobacco smoking, the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has emerged and gained significant popularity over the past 15 years. E-cigarettes are promoted as safe alternatives for traditional tobacco smoking and are often suggested as a way to reduce or quit smoking. However, evidence suggests they are not harmless. Discussion The rapid evolution of the e-cigarette market has outpaced the legislator’s regulatory capacity, leading to mixed regulations. The increasing use of e-cigarettes in adolescents and young individuals is of concern. While the long-term direct cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes remain largely unknown, the existing evidence suggests that the e-cigarette should not be regarded as a cardiovascular safe product. The contribution of e-cigarette use to reducing conventional cigarette use and smoking cessation is complex, and the impact of e-cigarette use on long-term cessation lacks sufficient evidence. Conclusion This position paper describes the evidence regarding the prevalence of e-cigarette smoking, uptake of e-cigarettes in the young, related legislations, cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes and the impact of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation. Knowledge gaps in the field are also highlighted. The recommendations from the population science and public health section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology are presented.

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