scholarly journals Household Air Pollution, Levels of Micronutrients and Heavy Metals in Cord and Maternal Blood, and Pregnancy Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Arinola ◽  
Anindita Dutta ◽  
Oluwafemi Oluwole ◽  
Christopher Olopade
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Cooking with kerosene emits toxic pollutants that may impact pregnancy outcomes. Sixty-eight women in their first trimester of pregnancy, kerosene users (n = 42) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) users (n = 26), were followed until birth. Maternal and cord blood were collected immediately after birth. Levels of micronutrients and heavy metals were quantified. Pregnancy outcomes (gestation age (GA), birth weight (BW), and chest and head circumference) were also measured. Mean (± standard deviation (SD)) age of mothers in kerosene and LNG groups were similar (p = 0.734). Mean (±SD) BW of newborns of LNG users was significantly higher compared to newborns of kerosene users (3.43 ± 0.32 vs. 3.02 ± 0.43, p < 0.001). Mean GA (in weeks) was similar between the two groups (p = 0.532). Women in the kerosene group had significantly higher cord blood levels of zinc, lead, mercury, iodine and vitamin B6 and lower levels of folic acid compared to LNG users (p < 0.05). Newborns of kerosene users had reduced levels of zinc, lead, mercury, iodine, vitamins B6 and B12, folic acid, and homocysteine compared with LNG users (p < 0.05). Also, cooking with kerosene was significantly associated with reduced birth weight after adjusting for potential confounders (β ± standard error (SE) = −0.326 ± 0.155; p = 0.040). Smoke from kerosene stove was associated with reduced birth weight and micronutrients imbalance in mothers and newborns.

scholarly journals Investigation of Metronidazole Use during Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 4800-4805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Koss ◽  
Dana C. Baras ◽  
Sandra D. Lane ◽  
Richard Aubry ◽  
Michele Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
New York State ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

ABSTRACTTo assess whether treatment with metronidazole during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, or major congenital anomalies, we conducted chart reviews and an analysis of electronic data from a cohort of women delivering at an urban New York State hospital. Of 2,829 singleton/mother pairs, 922 (32.6%) mothers were treated with metronidazole for clinical indications, 348 (12.3%) during the first trimester of pregnancy and 553 (19.5%) in the second or third trimester. There were 333 (11.8%) preterm births, 262 (9.3%) infants of low birth weight, and 52 infants (1.8%) with congenital anomalies. In multivariable analysis, no association was found between metronidazole treatment and preterm birth (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.32]), low birth weight (OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.43]), or treatment in the first trimester and congenital anomalies (OR, 0.86 [0.30 to 2.45]). We found no association between metronidazole treatment during the first or later trimesters of pregnancy and preterm birth, low birth weight, or congenital anomalies.

Pregnancy outcomes after exposure to phendimetrazine in first trimester of pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Min-Young Lee ◽  
June-Seek Choi ◽  
Jung-Yeol Han ◽  
Hyun-Kyeong Ahn ◽  
Jae-Hyug Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

scholarly journals Adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria in a prospective cohort of women from the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0009390
Author(s):  
Jamille Gregório Dombrowski ◽  
André Barateiro ◽  
Erika Paula Machado Peixoto ◽  
André Boler Cláudio da Silva Barros ◽  
Rodrigo Medeiros de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Angiopoietin 2

Background Malaria in Brazil represents one of the highest percentages of Latin America cases, where approximately 84% of infections are attributed to Plasmodium (P.) vivax. Despite the high incidence, many aspects of gestational malaria resulting from P. vivax infections remain poorly studied. As such, we aimed to evaluate the consequences of P. vivax infections during gestation on the health of mothers and their neonates in an endemic area of the Amazon. Methods and findings We have conducted an observational cohort study in Brazilian Amazon between January 2013 and April 2015. 600 pregnant women were enrolled and followed until delivery. After applying exclusion criteria, 329 mother-child pairs were included in the analysis. Clinical data regarding maternal infection, newborn’s anthropometric measures, placental histopathological characteristics, and angiogenic and inflammatory factors were evaluated. The presence of plasma IgG against the P. vivax (Pv) MSP119 protein was used as marker of exposure and possible associations with pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that P. vivax infections during the first trimester of pregnancy are associated with adverse gestational outcomes such as premature birth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.12, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.69–24.54, p < 0.0001) and reduced head circumference (aOR 3.58, 95%CI 1.29–9.97, p = 0.01). Histopathology analysis showed marked differences between placentas from P. vivax-infected and non-infected pregnant women, especially regarding placental monocytes infiltrate. Placental levels of vasomodulatory factors such as angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) and complement proteins such as C5a were also altered at delivery. Plasma levels of anti-PvMSP119 IgG in infected pregnant women were shown to be a reliable exposure marker; yet, with no association with improved pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions This study indicates that P. vivax malaria during the first trimester of pregnancy represents a higher likelihood of subsequent poor pregnancy outcomes associated with marked placental histologic modification and angiogenic/inflammatory imbalance. Additionally, our findings support the idea that antibodies against PvMSP119 are not protective against poor pregnancy outcomes induced by P. vivax infections.

Gestational metabolic syndrome and neonatal anthropometric indices: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 386-391
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hatamian ◽  
Lida Moghaddam-Banaem ◽  
Samira Mokhlesi ◽  
Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
P Value ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background and aim There is limited knowledge about the effect of maternal metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the anthropometric parameters of newborns. Therefore, the authors aimed to evaluate the association between MetS in the first trimester of pregnancy with weight and height of the newborn. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted on 455 pregnant women in Tehran during their first trimester of pregnancy. MetS was defined as the coexistence of three or more of the following criteria: fasting blood sugar (FBS) level ≥92 mg/dl, blood pressure ≥130.85 mm/hg, triglyceride ≥150 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein ≤50 mg/dl, and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. All participants were followed up to childbirth. After birth, the baby's weight and height data were collected from the birth certificate. Results Linear regression analysis showed FBS (ß: 0.100, p-value: 0.038), BMI (ß: 0.139, p-value: 0.004), and MetS (ß: -0.122, p-value: 0.015) were significantly associated with birth weight but no statistically significant results were found for birth height. Conclusion MetS and some of its components in pregnancy can affect birth weight of neonates.

Low cord blood levels of catecholamine from a newborn of a pheochromocytoma patient

1994 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia LM Dahia ◽  
César Y Hayashida ◽  
Célia Strunz ◽  
Neusa Abelin ◽  
Sérgio PA Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Fetal Mortality ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Degradative Enzymes ◽  
Hormone Inactivation

Dahia PLM, Hayashida CY, Strunz C, Abelin N, Toledo SPA. Low cord blood levels of catecholamine from a newborn of a pheochromocytoma patient. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;130:217–19. ISSN 0804–4643 Association of pheochromocytoma and pregnancy is rare and usually related to high maternal and fetal mortality rates. Maternal effects of the tumor have been studied extensively and the clinical outcome has markedly improved during the last decade. However, the role of excess catecholamines on fetal development has been discussed very little. We report here a case of pheochromocytoma during pregnancy, in which catecholamine levels from the cord blood were low despite simultaneous elevated maternal values (1.93 and 29.46 nmol/l norepinephrine, respectively), possibly owing to the high activity of the catecholamine degradative enzymes monoamine oxidase and COMT at the placental level. We suggest that in pregnancies complicated by pheochromocytoma, fetal well-being may be related mainly to good control of maternal blood pressure instead of to the amount of catecholamines in the fetal circulation, because the placenta performs a protective role through an effective process of hormone inactivation. Patricia LM Dahia, Endocrine Genetics Unit, University of ã Paulo School of Medicine, 455 Dr. Arnaldo Ave, 4th Floor, Room 50, 01246–913 São Paulo, Brazil

scholarly journals Evaluation of oxidative/nitrative stress and uterine artery pulsatility index in early pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-490
Author(s):  
D. Gerszi ◽  
Á. Penyige ◽  
Z. Mezei ◽  
B. Sárai-Szabó ◽  
R. Benkő ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Nitrative Stress ◽  
Total Antioxidant

AbstractIntroductionIncreased oxidative/nitrative stress is characteristic not only in pathologic, but also in healthy pregnancy. High uterine artery pulsatility index (UtAPI) at the end of the first trimester is associated with altered placentation and elevated risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to examine the relationship of systemic oxidative/nitrative stress and uterine artery pulsatility index in the first trimester and their correlation to pregnancy outcomes.Material and methodsHealthy pregnant women were recruited at 12–13th gestational week ultrasound examination; UtAPI was determined by color Doppler ultrasound. Patients were divided into high (UtAPI ≥ 2.3) (n = 30) and low (n = 31) resistance groups, and pregnancies were followed until labor. Systemic oxidative/nitrative stress was estimated by measuring total peroxide level, total antioxidant capacity and nitrotyrosine level.ResultsPlasma total peroxide level was significantly lower (2,510 ± 39 µM vs. 2,285 ± 59 µM), total antioxidant capacity was higher (781 ± 16 mM CRE vs. 822 ± 13 mM CRE) in the high UtAPI group, which were accompanied by lower birth weight (3,317 ± 64 vs. 3,517 ± 77 g, P < 0.05). Plasma total peroxide level showed a negative correlation (by Pearson) to UtAPI (P < 0.01) and positive correlation to birth weight (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAccording to our results, lower systemic oxidative stress showed correlation with high UtAPI measured between the 12–13th weeks of gestation. We also found significant differences in the birth weight of healthy newborns; therefore it is worth examining this relationship in pathological pregnancies.

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