scholarly journals Children’s and Mothers’ Perspectives of Problematic Eating Behaviours in Young Children and Adolescents: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Czepczor-Bernat ◽  
Anna Brytek-Matera
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Children’S Perspectives ◽  
Child Eating ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
Problematic Eating ◽  
Almost All

The aim of this study was to (a) compare children’s perspectives of problematic eating behaviours with those of mothers and (b) check if there are differences in the level of these problematic eating behaviours between girls and boys in different age groups (young children: 8–11 years old vs. adolescents: 12–16 years old). The study involved 203 children (50.74% girls) and 203 mothers. The average age of children was 11.06 years (SD = 2.31), and the average BMI was 18.27 kg/m2 (SD = 2.29). Two questionnaires were used to assess children’s perspectives of problematic eating behaviours: The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R13) and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire for Children (DEBQ-C). One questionnaire was used to evaluate mothers’ perspectives: The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ). The main results in the study indicate the following: (a) the children’s perspective based on the DEBQ-C is the most effective at predicting their BMI (this model of problematic eating behaviours explains 29% of the variance in the child’s BMI); and (b) for almost all problematic eating behaviours, older girls have the highest levels. From the current study, it can be concluded that the type of questionnaire (TFEQ-R13 vs. DEBQ-C vs. CEBQ) and the perspective (child vs. mother) differentiate the results obtained regarding the assessment of children’s problematic eating behaviours and their relation to BMI.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and maternal eating behaviours are associated with child eating behaviours: findings from the ROLO Kids Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara A. Yelverton ◽  
Aisling A. Geraghty ◽  
Eileen C. O’Brien ◽  
Sarah Louise Killeen ◽  
Mary K. Horan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Child Eating ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Child eating behaviours can negatively contribute to the development of childhood obesity. This study investigated associations between breastfeeding habits, maternal eating behaviours and child eating behaviours, in 5-year-old children. Methods Secundigravida women were recruited to the ROLO dietary randomised controlled trial (Dublin, Ireland) and were followed up with their children to 5 years of age. Breastfeeding exposure and duration were obtained at postnatal and infant follow-up at 2 and 6 months and 2 and 5 years. At 5 years, maternal and child eating behaviours were measured using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire and the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, respectively. Regression determined associations between breastfeeding habits and maternal eating behaviours with child eating behaviours, controlling for RCT group, maternal education level, maternal BMI at 5 years, childcare exposure and child BMI centile at 5-year follow-up. Results There were 230 mother and child pairs analysed. One hundred and fifty-eight mothers had initiated breastfeeding. Median breastfeeding duration was 22 (IQR 33) weeks. Children who were never breastfed were more likely to express a desire to drink (B = −1.01, p = 0.022). Longer breastfeeding duration was associated with lower food responsiveness (B = −1.71, p = 0.003). Maternal uncontrolled eating was positively associated with child food responsiveness, emotional overeating and emotional undereating (B = 0.21, p < 0.001; B = 0.14, p = 0.005; B = 0.14, p = 0.005, respectively). Maternal emotional eating was associated with child emotional overeating and undereating (B = 0.27, p < 0.001, B = 0.29, p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusion Not breastfeeding and short breastfeeding duration may contribute to the development of obesogenic eating behaviours in children, alongside maternal eating behaviours including uncontrolled and emotional eating. These ‘food approach’ eating behaviours may increase risk of overweight/obesity as they are associated with increased energy intake, hence the importance of research surrounding eating behaviours.

scholarly journals Cow's milk exclusion in young children: Parents motives, sources of information and perception of their child's eating behaviours

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Steadman ◽  
Carmel Houston-Price ◽  
Miriam Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk Allergy ◽  
Unrestricted Diet

AbstractResearch has assessed the diets of young children that follow a diet that excludes cow's milk. However, there is insufficient information about why parents decide to exclude cow's milk, where they obtain nutritional information, and their child's eating behaviours. This is important as the prevalence of cow's milk allergy is increasingly common in children, alongside a growing preference for plant-based diets. The purpose of this research was firstly to explore why parents exclude cow's milk from their child's diets and if this is due to recommendations from a health care professional. Secondly, to understand where parents source information to enable them to provide a healthy diet for their child. Finally, to explore parent's opinions of their child's eating behaviours.Thirty parents of children aged 1–3 years who exclude cow's milk and 20 parents of children who did not follow a restricted diet completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised of three blocks of questions. The first asked about the parents, the second pertained to the child. If they excluded cow's milk they were asked why they made this decision and who advised them. Parents were also asked where they source nutrition information for their child. The final block of questions consisted of the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire.Parents reported excluding cow's milk due to cow's milk allergy (60%), lactose or milk intolerance (10%), suspected allergy or intolerance (27%) or personal choice (3%). When asked “Who advised you to remove cow's milk from your child's diet?” the majority responded that it was their own decision (35%), followed by GP advice (24%). The most common sources of nutrition information for parents of children that exclude cow's milk came from parenting webpages (21%), and social media (19%), whilst those on an unrestricted diet obtained information from health visitors (24%) and parenting webpages (19%). There were no differences in eating behaviours between children that excluded cow's milk and children that did not except for satiety responsiveness (p = 0.014), which was greater in the cow's milk exclusion group.This preliminary data indicates that many parents exclude cow's milk from their child's diets based on their own advice. Where parents of children on an unrestricted diet sourced nutrition information from their health visitor, few parents of children who exclude cow's milk used this source of support (7%).

Age, sex & BMI are associated with different eating behaviour styles in Irish teens

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisling Daly ◽  
Elizabeth O'Sullivan ◽  
Breige McNulty ◽  
Janette Walton ◽  
John Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Restrained Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Emotional Cues ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
F 224 ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the types of eating behaviours most common among Irish teenagers and to explore their association with age, sex and Body Mass Index (BMI). Eating behaviour data from the National Teenage Food Consumption Survey (NTFS1 2005/06 n = 441, m/f 224/217) were analysed. The Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) contains 33 items, which make up 3 scales: Restraint (DEBQ-Res, 10 items), Emotional (DEBQ-Em, 13 items), External (DEBQ-Ex, 10 items). All items are answered on a 5 point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric Wilcoxin-Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests, one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey analysis, and Spearman correlations were run to test associations between age, sex and BMI variables and the 3 DEBQ scales. Data were analysed for the full group and stratified by sex and age groups (13–14/15–17 years). BMI categories were determined using age and sex-specific IOTF cut-offs. Mean(SD) scores among the whole group were DEBQ-Ex = 2.83(0.72), DEBQ-Res = 1.79(0.84), DEBQ-Em = 1.84(0.79). Females scored higher than males on all 3 scales; DEBQ-Res P < 0.001, DEBQ-Em P < 0.001, DEBQ-Ex P = 0.037. Older teens scored significantly higher than younger teens on DEBQ-Em (P < 0.001) and DEBQ-Ex (P = 0.005). Scores were higher for older males compared with younger males on DEBQ-Em (P = 0.009) and DEBQ-Ex (P = 0.017), and for older females compared with younger females on DEBQ-Res (P = 0.031) and DEBQ-Em (P = 0.001). BMI was positively correlated with DEBQ-Res for both males (r = 0.18, P = 0.007) and females (r = 0.337, P < 0.001) and with DEBQ-Em for females (r = 0.153 P = 0.026). When comparing BMI categories, teens classified as overweight (P < 0.001) and obese (P = 0.005) scored higher on DEBQ-Res than normal-weight teens. Similar associations were observed when the sample was split by sex and by age group. Overall, Irish teens’ eating behaviours are mostly influenced by external factors, such as the sight or smell of food, rather than by restrained eating or emotional cues for eating. However, not all teens respond to the same influences. Females respond more than males to emotional cues for eating. Older teens have higher scores than younger teens on all scales. BMI is mostly associated with restrained eating, which is consistent with other literature suggesting that heavier teens are more aware of what they are eating and make focussed food choices to prevent weight gain. When targeting food choice messages to teens, a “one-size-fits-all” model may not be appropriate. Multiple factors, including age, sex and BMI differences, should be considered in order to encourage a positive change in eating behaviours.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Papaspanos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Impact

<b>Background:</b> Public health recommendations and governmental measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on health behaviours and lifestyles at home is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020, in seven languages, to elucidate the behavioural and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions. This report presents the results from the first thousand responders on physical activity (PA) and nutrition behaviours. <b>Subjects and methods:</b> Following a structured review of the literature, the «Effects of home Confinement on multiple Lifestyle Behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak (ECLB-COVID19)» Electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists and academics. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online survey platform. Thirty-five research organisations from Europe, North Africa, Western Asia and the Americas promoted the survey in English, German, French, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese and Slovenian languages. Questions were presented in a differential format, with questions related to responses «before» and «during» confinement conditions. <b>Results:</b> 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%) were included in the analysis. The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on all PA intensity levels (vigorous, moderate, walking and overall). Additionally, daily sitting time increased from 5 to 8 h per day. Food consumption and meal patterns (the type of food, eating out of control, snacks between meals, number of main meals) were more unhealthy during confinement, with only alcohol binge drinking decreasing significantly. <b>Summary:</b> While isolation is a necessary measure to protect public health, results indicate that it alters physical activity and eating behaviours in a health compromising direction. A more detailed analysis of survey data will allow for a segregation of these responses in different age groups, countries and other subgroups, which will help develop interventions to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviours that have manifested during the COVID-19 confinement.

scholarly journals Preliminary Exploration of Obesity-Related Eating Behaviour Patterns in a Sample of Saudi Preschoolers Aged 2–6 Years through the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4156
Author(s):  
Ali H. Al-Hamad ◽  
Aljohara M. Al-Naseeb ◽  
Maha S. Al-Assaf ◽  
Suzan A. Al-Obaid ◽  
Bandar S. Al-Abdulkarim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Psychometric Tool ◽  
Z Scores

Background: The Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is used with parents to determine the characteristics of eating behaviour of their children and, consequently, children’s propensity to become obese. It has been successfully used mainly in Western countries, but not in Saudi Arabia. In this pilot study, we explored the use of the Saudi version of the CEBQ for preschool children aged 2–6 years in Saudi Arabia, and assessed the associations between eating behaviours and children’s age, gender and relative weight and parental weight. Methods: Parents of 200 Saudi preschool children in Riyadh completed the Saudi version of the CEBQ. Factor analyses on all CEBQ items were performed and differences between genders and age groups were examined. Correlations between children’s BMI z-scores and eating behaviours were analysed using linear regression. Results: The factor analysis revealed an eight-factor solution similar to the theoretical factor structure, with good internal reliability and acceptable correlations between subscales. Boys scored higher than girls on food responsiveness; no difference between age groups was found. Positive associations between BMI z-scores and ‘food approach’ subscales, food responsiveness, enjoyment of food and emotional overeating were found, while ‘food avoidant’ subscales, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating had inverse relationships with BMI z-scores. Maternal BMI had a positive association with BMI z-scores and food responsiveness. Conclusion: The CEBQ is a valid psychometric tool that can be reliably used to assess eating behaviour characteristics in Saudi preschool children.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on physical activity and eating behaviour Preliminary results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online-survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achraf Ammar ◽  
Michael Brach ◽  
Khaled Trabelsi ◽  
Hamdi Chtourou ◽  
Omar Boukhris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundPublic health recommendations and governmental measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on health behaviours and lifestyle at home is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the behavioral and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions. This report presents the preliminary results from the first thousand responders on physical activity (PA) and nutrition behaviours.MethodsThirty-five research organisations from Europe, North-Africa, Western Asia and the Americas promoted the survey through their networks to the general society, in English, German, French, Arabic, Spanish, Portugese, and Slovenian languages. Questions were presented in a differential format with questions related to responses “before” and “during” confinement conditions.Results1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%) were included into a general analysis. The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on all intensities of PA (vigorous, moderate, walking and overall). Conversely, daily sitting time increased from 5 to 8 hours per day. Additionally, food consumption and meal patterns (the type of food, eating out of control, snacks between meals, number of meals) were more unhealthy during confinement with only alcohol binge drink decreasing significantly.ConclusionWhile isolation is a necessary measure to protect public health, our results indicate that it alters physical activity and eating behaviours in a direction that would compromise health. A more detailed analysis of survey data will allow for a segregation of these responses in different age groups, countries and other subgroups which will help develop bespoke interventions to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviors manifest during the COVID-19 confinement.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achraf Ammar ◽  
Michael Brach ◽  
Khaled Trabelsi ◽  
Hamdi Chtourou ◽  
Omar Boukhris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Impact

Background: Public health recommendations and governmental measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on health behaviours and lifestyles at home is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020, in seven languages, to elucidate the behavioural and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions. This report presents the results from the first thousand responders on physical activity (PA) and nutrition behaviours. Methods: Following a structured review of the literature, the “Effects of home Confinement on multiple Lifestyle Behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak (ECLB-COVID19)” Electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists and academics. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online survey platform. Thirty-five research organisations from Europe, North-Africa, Western Asia and the Americas promoted the survey in English, German, French, Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese and Slovenian languages. Questions were presented in a differential format, with questions related to responses “before” and “during” confinement conditions. Results: 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%) were included in the analysis. The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on all PA intensity levels (vigorous, moderate, walking and overall). Additionally, daily sitting time increased from 5 to 8 h per day. Food consumption and meal patterns (the type of food, eating out of control, snacks between meals, number of main meals) were more unhealthy during confinement, with only alcohol binge drinking decreasing significantly. Conclusion: While isolation is a necessary measure to protect public health, results indicate that it alters physical activity and eating behaviours in a health compromising direction. A more detailed analysis of survey data will allow for a segregation of these responses in different age groups, countries and other subgroups, which will help develop interventions to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviours that have manifested during the COVID-19 confinement.

scholarly journals Feeding Practices and Parenting: A Pathway to Child Health and Family Happiness

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Allison Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Normal Child ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Feeding ◽  
Child Eating ◽  
Parent Feeding

Feeding and parenting are inextricably linked. The complex bidirectional interactions between parent feeding practices and child eating behaviour shape the early feeding environment which in turn interacts with genetic predispositions to lay the foundation for life-long eating habits and health outcomes. Parent feeding and child (and parent) eating are central to the fabric of family life and are strongly rooted in culture and tradition. Yet, many parents experience stress and anxiety related to this ubiquitous parenting task and perceive their child as a “fussy eater” or a “difficult feeder.” Parents commonly misinterpret heritable and developmentally “normal” child eating behaviour, such as food refusal, as cause for concern. In an effort to get their child to “eat well” they respond with coercive feeding practices, such as pressure, reward and restriction. Emotional feeding that uses food to comfort, distract, calm or shape behaviour is also common. Although well intentioned, these non-responsive, parent- rather than child-centred feeding practices are ineffective, even counterproductive. They teach children to eat for reasons unrelated to appetite and, hence, more than they need and fail to support development of healthy food preferences and appetite regulation. Early feeding interventions are needed that assist parents to understand normal child eating behaviour and promote responsive feeding practices and effective food parenting. The aim of this chapter is to review (1) “normal” eating behaviour of young children, (2) the range of feeding practices and strategies that parents use to respond to and try to shape these behaviours, (3) evidence for approaches to feeding young children that have potential to reduce conflict related to child feeding and promote life-long healthy eating patterns that are a key determinant of long-term health and well-being and (4) to provide an overview of an early feeding intervention, NOURISH, which demonstrated a positive impact on maternal feeding practices and potentially reduced parent anxiety and stress related to feeding.

Planning to reach for a rotating rod

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes von Hofsten ◽  
Katarina Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. Hand adjustments of 6- and 10-month-old infants and adults were studied as they reach to grasp a rotating rod. It was found that the subjects in all three age groups adjusted the hand prospectively to the rotating rod during the approach of it. They also adjusted the reaches to the rotating rod in such a way that almost all of the grasps were overhand ones as predicted by the endpoint comfort hypothesis. Finally, it was found that the rotation of the hand was made up of movement units as translational movements are, and that the approach units were relatively independent of the rotational ones.

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