scholarly journals Adhering to the 2017 Dutch Physical Activity Guidelines: A Trend over Time 2001–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Marjolein Duijvestijn ◽  
Saskia W. van den Berg ◽  
G. C. Wanda Wendel-Vos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Enhancing Physical Activity ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Recently, new physical activity (PA) guidelines were adopted in the Netherlands consisting of two components: (1) addressing duration of moderate and vigorous PA, (2) bone and muscle strengthening activities. The aim of this study is to retrospectively assess the long-term trend in fulfilling the criteria of the new PA guidelines and to gain insight into which activities contribute to changes over time. Data were available for 2001–2018 of a nationally representative sample of approximately 7000 Dutch citizens aged 12 years and over using the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed by age, sex, and level of education. Overall, a positive trend was found from 39.9% adherence in 2001 to 46.0% in 2018. Adherence levels among adolescents decreased and increased among adults and seniors. Intermediate and higher educated groups showed positive trends over time whereas a stable trend was observed among lower educated. Activities contributing most to changes over time were sports, leisure time walking, and strenuous occupational activities. In the period 2001–2018, though an increasing trend was found, less than half of the population was sufficiently active. Special effort is necessary to reach adolescents, seniors, and lower educated groups in PA promotion programs.

Disparities in Access to Well-Qualified, Well-Supported Special Educators Across Higher- Versus Lower-Poverty Schools Over Time

2021 ◽  
pp. 001440292110241
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bettini ◽  
Tuan D. Nguyen ◽  
Allison F. Gilmour ◽  
Christopher Redding
Keyword(s):  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Schools And Staffing Survey ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
School Based ◽  
Student Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Response Policy ◽  
Over Time

Scholars have documented long-standing disparities in access to well-qualified, well-supported teachers, including disparities in access to special education teachers (SETs), based on student socioeconomic status. In response, policy initiatives have aimed to incentivize teaching in higher-poverty schools. Thus, we examined changes over time in disparities between SETs’ demands and resources (including internal resources, such as qualifications, and school-based resources, such as adequate materials), using multiple waves of the nationally representative Schools and Staffing Survey. We found that, by one metric, disparities in certification have closed since 2000. However, SETs in higher poverty schools are significantly more likely to work in self-contained settings than those in lower-poverty schools, and disparities in school-based resources continue to be significant, such that SETs in higher-poverty schools were significantly more likely to teach in self-contained classes, rated teacher cooperation significantly lower, and reported having significantly weaker access to material resources.

scholarly journals Sex-Stratified Trends in Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines, Participating in Sports, and Attending Physical Education Among US Adolescents, Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2009–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S102-S113
Author(s):  
Tiffany J. Chen ◽  
Kathleen B. Watson ◽  
Shannon L. Michael ◽  
Susan A. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior Survey ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Youth Physical Activity ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background: During the past decade, guidelines for youth aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity remained unchanged. Active People, Healthy NationSM highlighted school and youth strategies (eg, sports and physical education [PE]) to increase physical activity. Sex, grade, and race/ethnicity disparities exist. This study examines sex-specific trends and differences by grade and race/ethnicity for the prevalence of 5 youth physical activity behaviors from 2009 to 2019. Methods: The national Youth Risk Behavior Survey assesses adolescents (grades 9–12) meeting the aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and both guidelines (2011–2019) and sports participation and daily PE (2009–2019). Sex-stratified logistic regression assessed trends and 2009 or 2011–2019 differences by grade and racial/ethnic subgroups. Results: Decreases in meeting the aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and both guidelines were observed for nearly all male subgroups by grade and race/ethnicity, whereas female subgroups exhibited declines or no change to low prevalence. Sports and PE participation remained mostly constant; select subgroups showed decreases (ie, Hispanic males [sports]; Black males and ninth-grade females [PE]). Conclusions: Past decade prevalence and patterns suggest that school-based and other strategies for all adolescents and tailored interventions for sex-specific subgroups may be needed to supplement sports and PE in promoting high school youth physical activity.

scholarly journals The relationship between physical activity and body composition changes over time in children

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Christine Mollard ◽  
Kristy Diane Marie Wittmeier ◽  
Dean Johannes Kriellaars
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Over Time

Own Gender, Sibling’s Gender, Parent’s Gender

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Family Labor ◽  
Elderly Parents ◽  
Fathers And Daughters ◽  
More Care ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Over Time

Research on the gender division of family labor largely focuses on housework and childcare in spousal couples. This article advances scholarship by examining the gender division of elderly parent care in sibling groups. Using the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative survey of elderly Americans, I find that caregiving to elderly parents varies not only by an adult child’s own gender, but also by the gender of the siblings with whom caregiving is shared and by the gender of the parent to whom care is provided. The salience of an adult child’s gender manifests in two primary ways: not only do daughters provide more care than do sons to their elderly parents, but daughters’ caregiving is also more elastic with respect to their own and their parents’ attributes than is sons’ caregiving. With respect to the gender of the siblings, sons provide relatively less care if they have sisters, whereas daughters provide relatively more care if they have brothers. With respect to the gender of the parent, sons provide relatively more care to fathers, and daughters provide relatively more care to mothers. Finally, analyses did not reveal changes over time.

scholarly journals State of the Art Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Macera ◽  
Alyson Cavanaugh ◽  
John Bellettiere
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Even Start ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations

Physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle for all adults and especially for older adults. Using information from the updated 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines, 3 dimensions of physical activity are identified for older adults. These include increasing aerobic activity, increasing muscle-strengthening activity, and reducing sedentary or sitting behavior. Although the overall goal of the physical activity recommendations is to prevent chronic diseases and conditions from developing, many older adults are already affected. Therefore, suggested types of physical activity are described for specific diseases and conditions that are designed to mediate the condition or prevent additional disability. Finally, barriers to participation in physical activity specific to older adults are described, and possible solutions offered. Encouraging older adults to continue or even start a physical activity program can result in major health benefits for these individuals.

scholarly journals Awareness and Adherence to Government Guidelines on Physical Activity by American Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1293-1293
Author(s):  
Teresia Mbogori
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Objectives U.S. Department of Health and Human Services provides physical activity guidelines for Americans. Current guidelines recommend at least 30–60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity 5 days a week. This level of physical activity is associated with reduction of many adverse health outcomes. This study sought to investigate the awareness and adherence to these guidelines by adults in the United States. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-5 Cycle 3), a nationally-representative survey administered by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Data were collected between January and May 2019 among 5438 adults. Participants were asked if they were aware of government guidelines on physical activity, where they had heard this information and the action they took. In addition, participants were asked the number of days in a week they were physically active or exercised and for how long. Descriptive and Chi square statistics were used to determine the level of awareness and adherence to physical activity guidelines and the relationship between awareness and actions taken. Results About 36% of the participants stated that they had not heard about government recommendations on physical activity. 46% stated that they heard about the guidelines but did not make any changes to their physical activity routine while 5.3% stated that they increased their physical activity. Sources of this information were, television (34%), social media or internet (25%), health professionals or doctor (24%), and magazines (19%). About 54% of the participants reported that they were physically active 3 or more days per week while 26% stated that they did no physical activity. About 68.4% of those who reported exercising did so for 30–60 minutes while 15% exercised for more than 60 minutes per day. Chi square analysis showed that a higher percentage of those who reported not exercising at all also reported that they had not heard about the government recommendations of physical activity (X2 = 29.6; P < 0.0001). Conclusions There still remains a considerable section of the population that is not aware of the government guidelines on physical activity. There is need for continued public education on the benefits of physical activity and the amount of physical activity that is likely to result in such benefits. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sufficient MVPA among Thai adults: pooled panel data analysis from Thailand’s surveillance on physical activity 2012–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyawat Katewongsa ◽  
Chutima Yousomboon ◽  
Narumol Haemathulin ◽  
Niramon Rasri ◽  
Dyah Anantalia Widyastari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Recreational Physical Activity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background The role of data in informing decision makers in formulating policy to improve population health is undeniably important. During the past few years, the Thai government has undertaken continuous health promotion campaigns and programs. Nevertheless, evidence of how physical activity (PA) has improved is lacking. This study aims to present PA prevalence and trends from nationally-representative surveillance data collected during 2012–2019. Methods This study employed 8 rounds of Thailand’s Surveillance on Physical Activity (SPA) survey from 2012 to 2019 as a pooled analysis from two-panel data (SPA2012–2016 and SPA2017–2019). Multistage random sampling was applied to select Thai adults aged 18 or over to produce a nationally-representative dataset, by considering the place of residence (urban or rural), gender, and single year of age. Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire were conducted in 5 regions, 13 provinces, and 36 villages to follow up 5648 individuals in Panel 1 (SPA2012–2016) and 6074 persons in Panel 2 (SPA2017–2019). Results The prevalence (%) of Thai adults who met WHO recommendations on sufficient PA tended to increase over time, from 66.6 (CI 65–68) in SPA2012 to 70.1 (CI 69–71), 69.5 (CI 68–71), 73.1 (CI 72–74), 70.6 (CI 69–72), 73.0 (CI 72–74), 75.6 (CI 74–77), and 74.3 (73–75) in SPA2013–2019, respectively. Thai females are less physically active than males, and the prevalence of sufficient moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) was highest among middle-aged adults (35–64 years), and lowest among older adults (65+ years). Work-related PA dominated the cumulative minutes of MVPA per week, followed by recreational PA. Conclusion The prevalence of sufficient MVPA has fluctuated over time with a tendency to increase in the most recent years. Work-related is the most common modes of PA among Thai adults, implying further improvement in recreational physical activity is required. Workplace intervention should also be the focus in improving PA of Thai adults by encouraging their work force to engage in more occupational PA.

U.S. Older Adults’ Participation in Balance Activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Eric T. Hyde ◽  
John D. Omura ◽  
Tiffany J. Chen ◽  
David R. Brown ◽  
Janet E. Fulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Body Mass Index Category ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, second edition recommends that older adults do multicomponent physical activity, which includes balance training in addition to aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities. The authors estimated the prevalence of U.S. older adults (age ≥65 years) who do balance activities and meet the aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity guidelines. The authors analyzed data on 1,012 respondents to the 2019 FallStyles survey, a nationwide web-based panel survey. Approximately four in 10 respondents (40.7%) reported doing balance activities on ≥1 day/week, 34.0% on ≥2 days/week, and 25.3% on ≥3 days/week. Prevalence differed by sex, education level, income level, census region, body mass index category, and meeting the aerobic and/or muscle-strengthening guidelines. The combined prevalence of participation in balance activities and meeting aerobic and muscle-strengthening guidelines ranged from 12.0% for ≥3 days/week to 15.8% for ≥1 day/week. Opportunities exist to introduce and increase participation in balance and multicomponent activities by older adults.

The Association of Physical Activity and Mortality Risk Reduction Among Smokers: Results From 1998–2009 National Health Interview Surveys–National Death Index Linkage

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Siahpush ◽  
Trish D. Levan ◽  
Minh N. Nguyen ◽  
Brandon L. Grimm ◽  
Athena K. Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
National Death Index ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Federal Guidelines

Background: The mortality benefits of meeting the US federal guidelines for physical activity, which includes recommendations for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities, have never been examined among smokers. Our aim was to investigate the association between reporting to meet the guidelines and all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease mortality among smokers. Methods: We pooled data from the 1998–2009 National Health Interview Survey, which were linked to records in the National Death Index (n = 68,706). Hazard ratios (HR) were computed to estimate the effect of meeting the physical activity guidelines on mortality. Results: Smokers who reported meeting the guidelines for physical activity had 29% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62–0.81), 46% lower risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (HR: 0.54; 95% CI, 0.39–0.76), and 26% lower risk of mortality from cancer (HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59–0.93), compared with those who reported meeting neither the aerobic nor the muscle-strengthening recommendations of the guidelines. Meeting the aerobic recommendation of the guidelines was associated with a 42% decline in that risk (HR: 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44–0.77). Conclusion: Smokers who adhere to physical activity guidelines show a significant reduction in mortality.

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