scholarly journals Maturity Related Differences in Body Composition Assessed by Classic and Specific Bioimpedance Vector Analysis among Male Elite Youth Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Toselli ◽  
Elisabetta Marini ◽  
Pasqualino Maietta Latessa ◽  
Luca Benedetti ◽  
Francesco Campa
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Vector Length ◽  
Youth Soccer

The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of classic and specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in the assessment of maturity related differences in body composition among male elite youth soccer players, and to provide bioelectrical impedance reference data for this category. A group of 178 players (aged 12.1 ± 1.6 years) were registered in a professional Italian soccer team participating in the first division (Serie A). They were divided into three groups according to their maturity status while bioelectrical resistance and reactance were obtained. The classic and specific BIVA procedures were applied, which correct bioelectrical values for body height and body geometry, respectively. Percentage of fat mass (FM%) and total body water (TBW (L)) were estimated from bioelectrical values. Age-specific z-scores of the predicted age at peak height velocity identified 29 players as earlier-, 126 as on time-, and 23 as later-maturing. TBW was higher (p < 0.01) in adolescents classified as “early” maturity status compared to the other two groups and classic BIVA confirmed these results. Conversely, no differences in FM% were found among the groups. Specific vector length showed a higher correlation (r = 0.748) with FM% compared with the classic approach (r = 0.493). Classic vector length showed a stronger association (r = −0.955) with TBW compared with specific (r = −0.263). Specific BIVA turns out to be accurate for the analysis of FM% in athletes, while classic BIVA shows to be a valid approach to evaluate TBW. An original data set of bioelectric impedance reference values of male elite youth soccer players was provided.

scholarly journals Prediction of Somatotype from Bioimpedance Analysis in Elite Youth Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8176
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Catarina N. Matias ◽  
Pantelis T. Nikolaidis ◽  
Henry Lukaski ◽  
Jacopo Talluri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Youth Soccer

The accurate body composition assessment comprises several variables, causing it to be a time consuming evaluation as well as requiring different and sometimes costly measurement instruments. The aim of this study was to develop new equations for the somatotype prediction, reducing the number of normal measurements required by the Heath and Carter approach. A group of 173 male soccer players (age, 13.6 ± 2.2 years, mean ± standard deviation; body mass index, BMI, 19.9 ± 2.5 kg/m2), members of the academy of a professional Italian soccer team participating in the first division (Serie A), participated in this study. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed using the single frequency of 50 kHz and fat-free mass (FFM) was calculated using a BIA specific, impedance based equation. Somatotype components were estimated according to the Heath-Carter method. The participants were randomly split into development (n = 117) and validation groups (n = 56). New anthropometric and BIA based models were developed (endomorphy = −1.953 − 0.011 × stature2/resistance + 0.135 × BMI + 0.232 × triceps skinfold, R2 = 0.86, SEE = 0.28; mesomorphy = 6.848 + 0.138 × phase angle + 0.232 × contracted arm circumference + 0.166 × calf circumference − 0.093 × stature, R2 = 0.87, SEE = 0.40; ectomorphy = −5.592 − 38.237 × FFM/stature + 0.123 × stature, R2 = 0.86, SEE = 0.37). Cross validation revealed R2 of 0.84, 0.80, and 0.87 for endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy, respectively. The new proposed equations allow for the integration of the somatotype assessment into BIA, reducing the number of collected measurements, the instruments used, and the time normally required to obtain a complete body composition analysis.

scholarly journals Does Resisted Sled Towing Improve the Physical Qualities of Elite Youth Soccer Players of Differing Maturity Status?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Morris ◽  
Tony Myers ◽  
Stacey Emmonds ◽  
Dave Singleton ◽  
Kevin Till
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Bayesian Regression ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Regression To The Mean ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Sled towing has been shown to be an effective method to enhance the physical qualities in youth athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 6-week sled towing intervention on muscular strength, speed and power in elite youth soccer players of differing maturity status. Method Seventy-three male elite youth soccer players aged 12–18 years (Pre-Peak Height Velocity [PHV] n = 25; Circa-PHV n = 24; Post-PHV n = 24) from one professional soccer academy participated in this study. Sprint assessments (10 m and 30 m), countermovement jump and isometric mid-thigh pull were undertaken before (T1) and after (T2) a 6-week intervention. The training intervention consisted of 6 weeks (2 × per week, 10 sprints over 20 m distance) of resisted sled towing (linear progression 10%–30% of body mass) during the competitive season. Bayesian regression models analysed differences between T1 and T2 within each maturity group. Results There were minimal changes in strength, speed and power (P = 0.35–0.80) for each maturity group across the 6-week intervention. Where there were changes with greater certainty, they are unlikely to represent real effect due to higher regression to the mean (RTM). Conclusion It appears that a 6-week sled towing training programme with loadings of 10%–30% body mass only maintains physical qualities in elite youth soccer players pre-, circa-, and post-PHV. Further research is required to determine the effectiveness of this training method in long-term athletic development programmes.

scholarly journals Seasonal Body Composition Variation Amongst Elite European Professional Soccer Players: An Approach of Talent Identification

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lee Owen ◽  
Carlos Lago-Peñas ◽  
Gordon Dunlop ◽  
Rouissi Mehdi ◽  
Moktar Chtara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Composition Profiles

AbstractThe primary aim of the investigation was to study the seasonal changes in body composition in elite European soccer players and identify key playing positional differences. Twenty-two players (age = 24 ± 3.7 years, body height = 180.45 ± 5.12 cm, body mass = 76.66 ± 5.34 kg) were tested. Players’ mass (kg), lean body mass (LBM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), muscle girths (MG) and sum of 8 skinfolds (mm) were measured across 5 time points (T0 = Start of pre-season training; T1 = End of pre-season training; T2 = Mid-season; T3 = End of mid-season break; T4 = End of season). Players were divided into their tactical positional roles for analysis. The specific positions they were divided into included defenders (n = 8), midfielders (n = 8) and forwards (n = 6). Assessment of training and matchplay exposure were also recorded. Sites-4, Sites-7, Sites-8 and Fat Mass decreased dramatically from T0 to T1 and T2 in all playing positions (p < 0.01), while no remarkable differences were found between T2, T3 and T4. Except for defenders, calf girth and lean mass were higher in T2, T3 and T4 compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.01). Midfielders were found to be leaner than forwards and defenders in all data collection time point sessions. Defenders showed higher values in calf girth and lean body mass than midfielders and forwards. It can be concluded from this investigation that there are large variances n positional body composition profiles amongst professional European soccer players. Furthermore, significant changes are prevalent and occur across the season from LBM, FFM, MG and skinfold assessment amongst European elite level soccer players.

scholarly journals Reference distribution of the bioelectrical impedance vector in healthy term newborns

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1508-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. B. Margutti ◽  
Jacqueline P. Monteiro ◽  
José S. Camelo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Reference Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Impedance Vector

Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is a new method that is used for the routine monitoring of the variation in body fluids and nutritional status with assumptions regarding body composition values. The aim of the present study was to determine bivariate tolerance intervals of the whole-body impedance vector and to describe phase angle (PA) values for healthy term newborns aged 7–28 d. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy term neonates born at a low-risk public maternity. General and anthropometric neonatal data and bioelectrical impedance data (800 μA–50 kHz) were obtained. Bivariate vector analysis was conducted with the resistance–reactance (RXc) graph method. The BIVA software was used to construct the graphs. The study was conducted on 109 neonates (52·3 % females) who were born at term, adequate for gestational age, exclusively breast-fed and aged 13 (sd 3·6) d. We constructed one standard, reference, RXc-score graph and RXc-tolerance ellipses (50, 75 and 95 %) that can be used with any analyser. Mean PA was 3·14 (sd 0·43)° (3·12 (sd 0·39)° for males and 3·17 (sd 0·48)° for females). Considering the overlapping of ellipses of males and females with the general distribution, a graph for newborns aged 7–28 d with the same reference tolerance ellipse was defined for boys and girls. The results differ from those reported in the literature probably, in part, due to the ethnic differences in body composition. BIVA and PA permit an assessment without the need to know body weight and the prediction error of conventional impedance formulas.

scholarly journals Associations Between Variations in Accumulated Workload and Physiological Variables in Young Male Soccer Players Over the Course of a Season

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Nobari ◽  
Ana Ruivo Alves ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Fitness Levels

This study sought to analyze the relationship between in-season training workload with changes in aerobic power (VO2max), maximum and resting heart rate (HRmax and HRrest), linear sprint medium (LSM), and short test (LSS), in soccer players younger than 16 years (under-16 soccer players). We additionally aimed to explain changes in fitness levels during the in-season through regression models, considering accumulated load, baseline levels, and peak height velocity (PHV) as predictors. Twenty-three male sub-elite soccer players aged 15.5 ± 0.2 years (PHV: 13.6 ± 0.4 years; body height: 172.7 ± 4.2 cm; body mass: 61.3 ± 5.6 kg; body fat: 13.7% ± 3.9%; VO2max: 48.4 ± 2.6 mL⋅kg–1⋅min–1), were tested three times across the season (i.e., early-season (EaS), mid-season (MiS), and end-season (EnS) for VO2max, HRmax, LSM, and LSS. Aerobic and speed variables gradually improved over the season and had a strong association with PHV. Moreover, the HRmax demonstrated improvements from EaS to EnS; however, this was more evident in the intermediate period (from EaS to MiS) and had a strong association with VO2max. Regression analysis showed significant predictions for VO2max [F(2,20) = 8.18, p ≤ 0.001] with an R2 of 0.45. In conclusion, the meaningful variation of youth players’ fitness levels can be observed across the season, and such changes can be partially explained by the load imposed.

scholarly journals Improvement of Physical Performance Following a 6 Week Change-of-Direction Training Program in Elite Youth Soccer Players of Different Maturity Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsaf Sariati ◽  
Raouf Hammami ◽  
Hassane Zouhal ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
Ammar Nebigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Change Of Direction

Background: Change-of-direction (CoD) is a necessary physical ability of a field sport and may vary in youth players according to their maturation status.Objectives: The aim of this study is: to compare the effectiveness of a 6-week CoD training intervention on dynamic balance (CS-YBT), horizontal jump (5JT), speed (10 and 30-m linear sprint times), CoD with (15 m-CoD + B) and without (15 m-CoD) the ball, in youth male soccer players at different levels of maturity [pre- and post-peak height velocity (PHV)].Materials and Methods: Thirty elite male youth soccer players aged 10–17 years from the Tunisian first division participated in this study. The players were divided into pre- (G1, n = 15) and post-PHV (G2, n = 15) groups. Both groups completed a similar 6-week training program with two sessions per week of four CoD exercises. All players completed the following tests before and after intervention: CS-YBT; 5 JT; 10, 30, and 15 m-CoD; and 15 m-CoD + B, and data were analyzed using ANCOVA.Results: All 30 players completed the study according to the study design and methodology. Adherence rate was 100% across all groups, and no training or test-related injuries were reported. Pre-PHV and post-PHV groups showed significant amelioration post-intervention for all dependent variables (after test &gt; before test; p &lt; 0.01, d = 0.09–1.51). ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction only for CS-YBT (F = 4.45; p &lt; 0.04; η2 = 0.14), 5JT (F = 6.39; p &lt; 0.02; η2 = 0.18), and 15 m-CoD (F = 7.88; p &lt; 0.01; η2 = 0.22). CS-YBT, 5JT, and 15 m-CoD improved significantly in the post-PHV group (+ 4.56%, effect size = 1.51; + 4.51%, effect size = 1.05; and -3.08%, effect size = 0.51, respectively), more than the pre-PHV group (+ 2.77%, effect size = 0.85; + 2.91%, effect size = 0.54; and -1.56%, effect size = 0.20, respectively).Conclusion: The CoD training program improved balance, horizontal jump, and CoD without the ball in male preadolescent and adolescent soccer players, and this improvement was greater in the post-PHV players. The maturity status of the athletes should be considered when programming CoD training for soccer players.

scholarly journals Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) as a method to compare body composition differences according to cancer stage and type

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amara Callistus Nwosu ◽  
Catriona R. Mayland ◽  
Stephen Mason ◽  
Trevor F. Cox ◽  
Andrea Varro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis ◽  
Impedance Vector

scholarly journals Hopping and Landing Performance in Male Youth Soccer Players: Effects of Age and Maturation

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Read ◽  
Jon Oliver ◽  
Mark De Ste Croix ◽  
Gregory Myer ◽  
Rhodri Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractQuantifying hopping and landing performances can assist coaches in identifying young male soccer players who may be at increased risk of injury. The influence of chronological age and maturation on these measures in this population is unknown. Single leg hop for distance (SLHD) and 75% horizontal hop and stick landing force (75%Hop) were examined in a cross-sectional sample (N=400) of elite male youth soccer players. Between-group differences for both chronological age (U11–U18) and stage of maturation (pre-, circa- or post-peak height velocity (PHV)) were analyzed. Absolute 75%Hop increased with both age and maturation. Apart from the U18s, pre-PHV and U11–U12 players displayed the greatest relative landing forces compared to all other groups (p<0.001; d=0.56–0.93). Absolute and relative SLHD were greatest in the U18s and post-PHV players (p<0.001; d=0.35–2.04). A trend showed increased SLHD with each consecutive age group although a reduction in performance was identified in the U13s (d=0.50–0.59). High volumes of accumulated soccer participation in the U18s may lead to altered landing strategies indicative of high injury risk. A temporary reduction in hop performance in the U13s may also be linked to a period of adolescent awkwardness.

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