scholarly journals Screening of Heavy Metal-Immobilizing Bacteria and Its Effect on Reducing Cd2+ and Pb2+ Concentrations in Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiejun Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Wei Tian ◽  
Lunguang Yao ◽  
Yadong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Microbial Resources ◽  
Heavy Pollution ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatic ◽  
Bacillus Thuringensis ◽  
Strong Ability

Microbial immobilization is considered as a novel and environmentally friendly technology that uses microbes to reduce heavy metals accumulation in plants. To explore microbial resources which are useful in these applications, three water spinach rhizosphere soils polluted by different levels of heavy metals (heavy pollution (CQ), medium pollution (JZ), and relative clean (NF)) were collected. The community composition of heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soils and its effects on reducing the Cd2+ and Pb2+ concentrations in water spinach were evaluated. Four hundred strains were isolated from the CQ (belonging to 3 phyla and 14 genera), JZ (belonging to 4 phyla and 25 genera) and NF (belonged to 6 phyla and 34 genera) samples, respectively. In the CQ sample, 137 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+, giving Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal rates of greater than 80% in solution; Brevundimonas, Serratia, and Pseudoarthrobacter were the main genera. In total, 62 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the JZ sample and Bacillus and Serratia were the main genera. A total of 22 strains showed a strong ability to immobilize Cd2+ and Pb2+ in the NF sample, and Bacillus was the main genus. Compared to the control, Enterobacter bugandensis CQ-7, Bacillus thuringensis CQ-33, and Klebsiella michiganensis CQ-169 significantly increased the dry weight (17.16–148%) of water spinach and reduced the contents of Cd2+ (59.78–72.41%) and Pb2+ (43.36–74.21%) in water spinach. Moreover, the soluble protein and Vc contents in the shoots of water spinach were also significantly increased (72.1–193%) in the presence of strains CQ-7, CQ-33 and CQ-169 compared to the control. In addition, the contents of Cd and Pb in the shoots of water spinach meet the standard for limit of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in vegetables in the presence of strains CQ-7, CQ-33 and CQ-169. Thus, the results provide strains as resources and a theoretical basis for the remediation of Cd- and Pb-contaminated farmlands for the safe production of vegetables.

Assessing Soil and Plant Pollution by Abandoned Rural Waste Dumping Sites in Ningbo, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dong Guan ◽  
Ye Hong Du ◽  
Zhen Dong Li ◽  
An Cheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Plant Pollution

This paper reports the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the soils and rices surrounding the abandoned rural waste dumping sites in Ningbo. Igeo (geoaccumulation index) was calculated to assess the contamination degree of heavy metals in soils. The mean contents of Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb of soils were 33.3, 24.1, 1.5, 118.9 and 45.6 mg/(kg DW) (dry weight), respectively. All of them were much higher than that of the reference value (i.e. CK), but there were no coherent trend of the metal contents within 1-120m distance from the dumping site. Igeo of heavy metals reveals the order of Cd>Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn, and the contamination assessment of soils using Igeo indicate the moderate Cd pollution, while the soils were unpolluted-moderately overall by Cr, Cu, Zn as well as Pb. The heavy metal contents in root, stem & leaf and rice grains were all remarkable higher than that of the CK at 20-120 m distances, and the heavy metal contents in root were evidently much higher than other plant parts, while those in rice grain were lowest, indicating the great bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals. Although the metal contents in the rice grain were within the legislation limit, its bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals was remarkable, whose contents were 4.38-fold for Cr, 1.76-fold for Cu, 1.28-fold for Zn, 2.67-fold for Cd and 3.03-fold for Pb higher than that of reference value, respectively. Finally, we proposed a decentralized in-situ restoration approach for the dumping sites.

Cultivar-specific differences in heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) concentrations in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic ‘Forsk’) grown on metal-contaminated soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 386 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
BaoYan He ◽  
Ling Ling ◽  
LuYin Zhang ◽  
MengRun Li ◽  
QuSheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatic ◽  
Heavy Metal Cd

scholarly journals Bioremoval of Different Heavy Metals by the Resistant Fungal StrainAspergillus niger

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Acosta-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan F. Cárdenas-González ◽  
Adriana S. Rodríguez Pérez ◽  
Juana Tovar Oviedo ◽  
Víctor M. Martínez-Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
The Ideal

The objective of this work was to study the resistance and removal capacity of heavy metals by the fungusAspergillus niger. We analyzed the resistance to some heavy metals by dry weight and plate: the fungus grew in 2000 ppm of zinc, lead, and mercury, 1200 and 1000 ppm of arsenic (III) and (VI), 800 ppm of fluor and cobalt, and least in cadmium (400 ppm). With respect to their potential of removal of heavy metals, this removal was achieved for zinc (100%), mercury (83.2%), fluor (83%), cobalt (71.4%), fairly silver (48%), and copper (37%). The ideal conditions for the removal of 100 mg/L of the heavy metals were 28°C, pH between 4.0 and 5.5, 100 ppm of heavy metal, and 1 g of fungal biomass.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2 Combined with Biochar on the Growth and Cd and Pb Accumulation of Radish in a Heavy Metal-Contaminated Farmland under Field Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigang Li ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Yue ◽  
Jingtao Wang ◽  
Baozeng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils

The objective of this study was to explore the effect of heavy metal-resistant bacteria and biochar (BC) on reducing heavy metal accumulation in vegetables and the underlying mechanism. We tested Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2, BC, and BC+HC-2 for their ability to immobilize Cd and Pb in culture solution. We also studied the effects of these treatments on the dry weight and Cd and Pb uptake of radish in metal-contaminated soils under field conditions and the underlying mechanism. Treatment with HC-2, BC, and BC+HC-2 significantly reduced the water-soluble Cd (34–56%) and Pb (31–54%) concentrations and increased the pH and NH4+ concentration in solution compared with their vales in a control. These treatments significantly increased the dry weight of radish roots (18.4–22.8%) and leaves (37.8–39.9%) and decreased Cd (28–94%) and Pb (22–63%) content in the radish roots compared with the control. Treatment with HC-2, BC, and BC+HC-2 also significantly increased the pH, organic matter content, NH4+ content, and NH4+/NO3− ratio of rhizosphere soils, and decreased the DTPA-extractable Cd (37–58%) and Pb (26–42%) contents in rhizosphere soils of radish. Furthermore, BC+HC-2 had higher ability than the other two treatments to protect radish against Cd and Pb toxicity and increased radish biomass. Therefore, Bacillus thuringiensis HC-2 combined with biochar can ensure vegetable safety in situ for the bioremediation of heavy metal-polluted farmland.

Earthworm Processing of Livestock Manure and Accumulation of Heavy Metals

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 1129-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Cai Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Metal Enrichment ◽  
Heavy Metal Elements ◽  
Enrichment Techniques ◽  
Animal Feces ◽  
Strong Ability

The earthworm is an omnivorous animal low saprophytic, has a strong ability to decompose organic waste. The earthworm can directly grows on dung, consume a large amount of organic waste, numerous research reports, earthworm on heavy metal elements have very strong enrichment. Therefore, the use of earthworms as a bioreactor for animal feces, excessive heavy metals to biological concentration, reduce the content of heavy metals in animal feces, is a task that is worth to discuss. Taking the rural animal feces in the largest number, the most widely distributed of cow dung as study objects, to carry out the earthworm absorption in cow dung, Zn Pb Cu, the study of the optimum conditions for the further study of Earthworm on cattle manure, heavy metal enrichment techniques provide a basis.

Effect of Wastewater Irrigation on Heavy Metal Accumulation, Growth and Yield of Vegetables

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Saima Kausar ◽  
Shahla Faizan ◽  
Irfana Haneef
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Use of wastewater for irrigation is on the rise in India and other developing countries. Wastewater contains plant nutrients that favour crop growth but leave a burden of heavy metals which can enter the food chain and is a cause of great concern. This study was conducted to explore the possibility of using wastewater to grow four vegetables fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and carrot (Daucus carotaL.). Two aspects namely (1) effect on plant growth and yield (2) accumulation of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in leaves and roots of the plant have been presented in this paper. The physico-chemical analysis of the wastewater showed that it was rich in total suspended and dissolved solids with large amount of BOD and COD. The higher amount of Cl-, Ca++, Mg++ and K+ were also present in the effluent. The heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) content in wastewater is comparatively more than groundwater (GW). The values of these heavy metals were slightly higher in the soil irrigated with wastewater. The effluent severely affects crop plants and soil properties when used for irrigation. The growth characteristics (plant length, plant fresh and dry weight, leaf number and leaf area) as well as yield characteristics (seed number, 1000 seed weight and seed yield) of all the plants, irrigated with 100% wastewater, were more than that with groundwater. The pattern of increase for the plants was fenugreek greater than radish greater than spinach greater than carrot. Though the wastewater contains low levels of the heavy metals, the soil and plant samples show higher values due to accumulation, but their level was under permissible limits in plants. The trend of metal accumulation in wastewater-irrigated soil is in the order: Pb greater than Ni greater than Zn greater than Cu greater than Cr greater than Cd. Of the four plants that are grown, the order of total heavy metal accumulation in roots is Carrot greater than Radish, while in leaves the order is Spinach greater than Fenugreek. The enrichment factor (EF) of the heavy metals in contaminated soil is in the sequence of Ni (3.1) greater than Pb (2.6) greater than Cd (2.35) greater than Zn (2.18) greater than Cu (1.66) greater than Cr (1.05), while in plants EF varies depending upon the species and plant part. Radish and carrot show a high transfer factor (TF greater than 1) for Cd signifying a high mobility of Cd from soil to plant whereas the TF values for Pb are very low as it is not bioavailable. Thus, it may be concluded that wastewater may be used profitably for the cultivation of these vegetables and could effectively supplement not only the nutrient requirement of the crop but may also act as the source of water..

scholarly journals Analysis of Heavy Metals Concentration in Soil and Litchens from Various Localities of Hosur Road, Bangalore, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abida Begum ◽  
M. Ramaiah ◽  
Harikrishna ◽  
Irfanulla Khan ◽  
K. Veena
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Industrial Areas

Assessment of heavy metal content in litchens and soil samples from various localities of Hosur Road, Bangalore south was undertaken. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were taken at various locations, the metals analysed were Cr, Pb, Fe, Zn, Ni and Cu. The geoaccumulation index of these metals in the soils under study residential areas indicated that they are uncontaminated with Ni, Zn, and Fe and moderately contaminated with Cr and Pb. In Industrial areas and traffic junctions the concentration of Fe, Pb and Ni was maximum. Heavy metal accumulation in few prominent lichens of some localities was analysed. Cr and Pb were maximum inChrysothrix candelaris(L.) Laundon, at the gardens of Madiwala and Silk Board junction with 95.29 and 623.95 µg g–1dry weight respectively. Fe and Cu were maximum inBulbothrix isidiza(Nyl.). Hale andPyxine petricolaNyl at Central Prison campus and Kendriya Sadan campus with 22721 and 338.12 µg g–1dry weight respectively,Lecanora perplexaBrodo at Infosis and Wipro Campus, electronic city have 531.5 and 634 µg g–1dry weight of Zn. While Ni and Fe were maximum in Arthopyreniaceae at Shanti Niketan of MICO Limited with 1100 and 23200 µg g–1dry weight respectively.

Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.) reduced the absorption of heavy metals in an in vitro bio-mimicking model system

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 3862-3866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ui-Jeong Yang ◽  
So-Ra Yoon ◽  
Jae-Hwan Chung ◽  
Young Jun Kim ◽  
Ki-Hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Model System ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatic

scholarly journals The Effect of Some Soil Amendments (Manure and Biochar) on the Bioaccumulation Capacity of Hexavalent Chromium by Two Species of (Salicornia Persica) and (Salicornia Perspolitana) From Contaminated Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahime Ashrafi ◽  
Ava heidari ◽  
Mohammad Farzam ◽  
Alireza Karimi ◽  
Malihe Amini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
Chromium Accumulation ◽  
Manure Amendments ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Abstract Heavy metals are among the most dangerous contaminants in the environment. Application of organic compounds and plant species with the ability to accumulate and stabilize heavy metal in their organs is the best option for remediation of these elements in the soil. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of manure and biochar on the accumulation of heavy metals by Salicornia species. Two species of Salicornia ,including S. persica and S. perspolitana, were cultivated outdoor in experimental pots. The effects of experimental treatments ,including hexavalent chromium concentrations, manure ,and biochar on the two studied species, were investigated. The results indicated a significant effect (P < 0.05) of biochar on the accumulation of heavy metals by two species ,S. persicaand S. perspolitana, so that chromium concentrations in the roots and shoots were 258 and 5.41 mg/kg, respectively. Also, chromium accumulations under manure treatments in the roots and shoots were 334.34 and 9.79 mg/kg, respectively. Plant dry weight and height for both species in manure treatment were higher than control and biochar treatments. S. persica showed higher growth than S. perspolitana species. The content of photosynthetic pigments in both S.persica and S. perspolitana species under biochar treatment was higher than control and manure treatments. In general, one can conclude that the accumulation of chromium in S. perspolitana was higher than in S. persica ,and the application of biochar and manure amendments could stabilize chromium in soil and reduce chromium accumulation in both S. persica and S. perspolitana species.

scholarly journals Effect of Chelator EDTA on Phyto-Remediation of Cadmium, Chromium and Lead and their Effect on Growth of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Jehan Bakht ◽  
Rafi Ullah ◽  
Mohammad Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Root Dry Weight

 The present study investigates the phyto-accumulation capacity of two cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for heavy metals. Analysis of the data recorded ten weeks after sowing indicated that heavy metal application had significantly (p<0.05) affected all the parameters under study. Interaction of EDTA x cultivar and EDTA x cultivar x heavy metal had significantly (p<0.05) affected root fresh weight, root dry weight and heavy metal accumulation. EDTA application had significant (p<0.05) effect on heavy metal accumulation when data was noted ten weeks after sowing. The data also revealed that maximum plant height, number of leaves/plant, shoot fresh weight and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight was noted in control pots (0 mg/kg heavy metal). The suggested that maximum shoot fresh weight shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight was noted in pots kept at control with San Sun-33 when applied with 5 mM EDTA. Similarly, maximum heavy metal accumulation was recorded in treatment sown of HiSun-33 applied with 5 mM EDTA and 50 mM chromium. Maximum root fresh weight was noted in control pots treated with 5 mM EDTA and planted with San Sun-33. Similarly, heavy metal accumulation was more in HiSun-33 treated with 50 mg/kg chromium and 5 mM EDTA. In terms of accumulation of heavy metals, HiSun-33 demonstrated better accumulation of the tested heavy metals then SanSun-33, anyhow the growth of SanSun-33 was better than HiSun-33 due to lesser accumulation of heavy metals.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document