Understanding Vocational Students’ Motivation for Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors

Unhealthy eating behaviors and low levels of physical activity are major problems in adolescents and young adults in vocational education. To develop effective intervention programs, more research is needed to understand how different types of motivation contribute to health behaviors. In the present study, Self-Determination Theory is used to examine how motivation contributes to dietary and physical activity behaviors in vocational students. This cross-sectional study included 809 students (mean age 17.8 ± 1.9 years) attending vocational education in the Netherlands. Linear multilevel regression analyses were used to investigate the association between types of motivation and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Amotivation was negatively associated with breakfast frequency and positively associated with diet soda consumption and high-calorie between-meal snacks. A positive association was found between autonomous motivation and water intake, breakfast frequency, fruit intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Autonomous motivation was negatively associated with the consumption of unhealthy products. Controlled motivation was not associated with physical activity or dietary behaviors. Different types of motivation seem to explain either healthy or unhealthy dietary behaviors in vocational students. Autonomous motivation, in particular, was shown to be associated with healthy behaviors and could therefore be a valuable intervention target.

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Understanding vocational students' motivation for dietary and physical activity behaviours

10.21203/rs.2.20913/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Annabelle Kuipers ◽

Gitte Caroline Kloek ◽

Sanne Irene de Vries

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vocational Education ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Positive Association ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Vocational Students ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated

Abstract Unhealthy eating behaviors and low levels of physical activity are a major problem in adolescents and young adults in vocational education. To develop effective intervention programs, more research is needed to understand how different types of motivation contribute to health behaviors. In the present study the Self-Determination Theory is used to examine how motivation contributes to dietary and physical activity behaviors in vocational students. This cross-sectional study included 809 students (mean age 17.8 ± 1.9 years) attending vocational education in the Netherlands. Linear multilevel regression analyses were used to investigate the association between type of motivation and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Amotivation was negatively associated with breakfast frequency and was positively associated with diet soda consumption and high calorie between-meal snacks. A positive association was found between autonomous motivation and water intake, breakfast frequency, fruit intake and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Autonomous motivation was negatively associated with the consumption of unhealthy products. Controlled motivation was not associated with physical activity or dietary behaviors. Type of motivation seems to partly explain dietary and physical activity behaviors in vocational students. Autonomous motivation in particular was shown to be associated with healthy behaviors and could therefore be a valuable intervention target.

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Understanding vocational students' motivation for dietary and physical activity behaviours

10.21203/rs.2.20913/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Annabelle Kuipers ◽

Gitte Caroline Kloek ◽

Sanne Irene de Vries

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vocational Education ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Eating Behaviours ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated

Abstract Background: Unhealthy eating behaviours and low levels of physical activity are a major problem in adolescents and young adults in vocational education. In order to develop effective intervention programmes, more research is needed to understand how different types of motivation contribute to health behaviours. In the present study the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is used as a framework to examine how motivation contributes to dietary and physical activity behaviours in Vocational Education & Training (VET) students.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 809 students (mean age 17.8 ± 1.9 years) attending VET in the Netherlands. The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ) for diet and physical activity, the Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health- enhancing physical activity (SQUASH) and the Dutch Public Health Monitor questionnaire were used to asses type of motivation, physical activity and dietary behaviour. Linear multilevel regression analyses were used to investigate the association between type of motivation and dietary and physical activity behaviours. Results: Amotivation was negatively associated with breakfast frequency and was positively associated with diet soda consumption and the number of unhealthy products consumed per week. A positive association was found between autonomous motivation and water intake, breakfast frequency, fruit intake and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Autonomous motivation was negatively associated with the consumption of unhealthy products. Controlled motivation was not associated with physical activity or dietary behaviours.Conclusion: Type of motivation according to SDT seems to partly explain dietary and physical activity behaviours in VET students. Autonomous motivation in particular was shown to be associated with healthy behaviours and could therefore be a valuable intervention target.

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Social Jetlag Among Night Workers is Negatively Associated with the Frequency of Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity and with Energy Expenditure Related to Physical Activity

Journal of Biological Rhythms ◽

10.1177/0748730416682110 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 83-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mariana Silva Alves ◽

Raphael Zardini Andrade ◽

Graciele Cristina Silva ◽

Maria Carliana Mota ◽

Sabrina Gonçalves Resende ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Short Form ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Night Shift ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shift Workers ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Social Jetlag

This cross-sectional study analyzed the association between physical activity (PA) and social jetlag (SJL) among shift workers. We evaluated 423 employees, aged between 18 and 60 years, who worked in a poultry-processing company in Brazil. Physical activity levels (PAL) were determined by the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). SJL was calculated as the absolute difference between the time of mid-sleep on work and free days. The percentage of workers insufficiently active was high on all shifts, with no significant differences between the 3 shifts. The amount of time spent in sedentary behavior on workdays did not differ between shifts. Among night-shift workers, negative associations were observed between SJL and 1) the duration and weekly energy expenditure while walking; 2) the frequency of moderate and vigorous PA; and 3) the total energy expenditure related to PA. Even though PAL did not differ among workers on different shifts, we found a high prevalence of subjects who were insufficiently active or too sedentary among all groups. Also, SJL was negatively associated with PA in night-shift workers. These results suggest that PA should be encouraged among shift workers and that SJL may be an important factor in reducing PA in this cohort.

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The Direct and Indirect Relationships Within the Extended Trans-contextual Model for Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.666040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Brigita Mieziene ◽

Arunas Emeljanovas ◽

Vitalija Putriute ◽

Dario Novak

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School Students ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

School Setting ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Contextual Model ◽

Needs Satisfaction

Given the low levels of physical activity (PA) in adolescence, there are challenges to increasing students' PA outside of the school setting. Thus, researchers emphasize the supportive role that physical education (PE) teachers can play in PA motivation both in and out of school. The aim of the present study was to examine an expanded trans-contextual model (TCM) model for the transit of teachers' perceived support of students' autonomy in terms of contextual and situational motivation in PE to objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in PE across different PE contents as well as to the motivational sequence for, and participation in, subjective MVPA during leisure time. This cross-sectional study involved 283 high school students, of whom 43.9% were boys. The autonomous support students received and other motivational factors and objective measures of MVPA in PE and subjective MVPA in leisure time were measured. The results indicate that support for autonomy was significantly and directly related to needs satisfaction (β = 0.61, p < 0.001) and indirectly to autonomous motivation in PE (β = 0.19, p < 0.001) and leisure time (β = 0.16, p < 0.001), intention in PE (β = 0.03, p < 0.05) and leisure time (β = 0.07, p < 0.001), and leisure time MVPA (β = 0.04, p < 0.001), although not MVPA in PE. Gender was a significant covariate for both MVPA in PE (β = −0.62, p < 0.001) and MVPA in leisure time (β = −0.37, p < 0.001), with higher MVPA in boys than girls. This study filled a gap in the scientific literature by demonstrating the full motivational sequence resulting in actual MVPA in PE classes. It also demonstrated that the main goal of PE of enhancing PA not only in school but also outside of school is working. The main motivator is needs satisfaction based on PE teachers' support.

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Long-Term Correlates of Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Norwegian Men and Women

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2014-0390 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1500-1507 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ane Kristiansen Solbraa ◽

Ulf Ekelund ◽

Ingar M. Holme ◽

Sidsel Graff-Iversen ◽

Jostein Steene-Johannessen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Background:Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), perceived health and health behavior are correlates known to affect physical activity and sedentary time. However, studies have often been cross-sectional, and less is known about long-term correlates. Thus, the aims were to investigate 1) the associations between a set of characteristics (demographic, biological, psychological, and behavioral) and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time at 13-year follow-up, and 2) the association between changes in these characteristics over time and physical activity and sedentary time.Methods:Baseline characteristics were collected in 40-year-olds in 1996, and follow-up data on objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time were obtained in 2009 (n = 240). Data were analyzed by multiple linear regressions.Results:Self-reported physical activity (P < .001) and improved perceived health (P = .046) were positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) whereas BMI (P = .034) and increased BMI (P = .014) were negatively associated with MVPA at follow-up. Women spent less time being sedentary than men (P = .019). Education (P < .001) was positively associated and improved perceived health (P = .010) was negatively associated with sedentary time at follow-up.Conclusions:MVPA and sedentary time at follow-up were associated with behavioral, biological and demographic correlates. However, the nature of our analyses prevents us from inferring causality.

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Effect Evaluation of a Peer-Delivered School-Based Intervention Promoting Healthy Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviours Among Secondary Vocational Students

10.20944/preprints202102.0071.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gitte Caroline Kloek ◽

Annabelle Kuipers ◽

Thamar Gerritse ◽

Sanne Irene de Vries

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Linear Models ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

School Setting ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Vocational Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

School Based ◽

Over Time

This study examines the effectiveness of the peer-delivered, school-based intervention Healthy by Design (HbD). Data were collected in two cross-sectional surveys before and after invention implementation. In total 1,177 vocational students (before: 557, after: 620) participated in an online health behaviour survey. Multilevel logistic and multilevel linear models explored the effect of the intervention over time and the effect of the intervention dose received on (determinants of) dietary of physical activity behaviours. A significant positive effect over time was found for moderate intensity physical activity. A high intervention dose was positively associated with increased water, breakfast and fruit consumption and higher levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity compared to no intervention dose received. A moderate and high intervention dose was negatively associated with high calorie snacks consumption compared to no intervention dose received. Effects of HbD on the investigated dietary and physical activity behaviours over time are limited, but these effects may be hard to demonstrate and link to the intervention due to the nature of the intervention design and the natural school-setting of this quasi-experimental study. However, a higher intervention dose showed a strong relation with healthier dietary and physical activity behaviours.

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Feelings of safety during daytime walking: associations with mental health, physical activity and cardiometabolic health in high vacancy, low-income neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan

International Journal of Health Geographics ◽

10.1186/s12942-021-00271-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amber L. Pearson ◽

Kimberly A. Clevenger ◽

Teresa H. Horton ◽

Joseph C. Gardiner ◽

Ventra Asana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Low Income ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Future Research ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Critical Pathway ◽

Perceived Safety

Abstract Introduction Individuals living in low-income neighborhoods have disproportionately high rates of obesity, Type-2 diabetes, and cardiometabolic conditions. Perceived safety in one’s neighborhood may influence stress and physical activity, with cascading effects on cardiometabolic health. Methods In this study, we examined relationships among feelings of safety while walking during the day and mental health [perceived stress (PSS), depression score], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), Body Mass Index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) in low-income, high-vacancy neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. We recruited 69 adults who wore accelerometers for one week and completed a survey on demographics, mental health, and neighborhood perceptions. Anthropometrics were collected and A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips. We compiled spatial data on vacant buildings and lots across the city. We fitted conventional and multilevel regression models to predict each outcome, using perceived safety during daytime walking as the independent variable of interest and individual or both individual and neighborhood-level covariates (e.g., number of vacant lots). Last, we examined trends in neighborhood features according to perceived safety. Results In this predominantly African American sample (91%), 47% felt unsafe during daytime walking. Feelings of perceived safety significantly predicted PSS (β = − 2.34, p = 0.017), depression scores (β = − 4.22, p = 0.006), and BMI (β = − 2.87, p = 0.01), after full adjustment. For PA, we detected a significant association for sex only. For A1C we detected significant associations with blighted lots near the home. Those feeling unsafe lived in neighborhoods with higher park area and number of blighted lots. Conclusion Future research is needed to assess a critical pathway through which neighborhood features, including vacant or poor-quality green spaces, may affect obesity—via stress reduction and concomitant effects on cardiometabolic health.

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The Positive Relationship between Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Bone Mineral Content Is Not Mediated by Free Leptin Index in Prepubertal Children: The PANIC Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105365 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5365

Author(s):

Annie M. Constable ◽

Josie E. Porter ◽

Danielle Benger ◽

Dimitris Vlachopoulos ◽

Alan R. Barker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prepubertal Children ◽

Total Body ◽

The Relationship

Purpose: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) positively influences bone mineral content (BMC) in prepubertal children, but it is unknown whether this relationship is partially mediated by free leptin index. The aim of this study was to examine whether the relationship between MVPA and total body less head (TBLH) BMC is mediated or moderated by free leptin index in prepubertal children. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis on 401 children (194 girls) from baseline examinations of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Childhood Study. We applied the four-way decomposition mediation analysis method to assess whether free leptin index, measured from fasted blood samples, mediated the relationship between accelerometer-measured MVPA and TBLH BMC measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: MVPA had a positive controlled direct effect on TBLH BMC in girls and boys (β = 0.010 to 0.011, p < 0.05). There was no mediation or interaction between MVPA, free leptin index and TBLH BMC in girls or boys (β = −0.000 to 0.001, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study indicates that MVPA positively influences TBLH BMC through pathways not related to free leptin index in predominantly normal-weight prepubertal children, likely primarily through mechanical loading. The relationships between MVPA, free leptin index and TBLH BMC may be influenced by other factors such as pubertal status and adiposity, so it is unknown whether these observations extend to overweight and obese children at different stages of puberty.

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Evidence-Based Overview of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity during School Recess: An Updated Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020578 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 578

Author(s):

Sergio Pulido Sánchez ◽

Damián Iglesias Gallego

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

School Environment ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

World Health ◽

After School ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active

Interest in analyzing physically active behaviors during school recesses has grown in recent years as the school environment has consolidated (recess, physical education classes, lunch-time, before and after school) as a crucial space to bring these levels towards those recommended through intervention programs and improvements in the school environment. Unfortunately, in most of these studies, children do not achieve the 60 min a day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommended by the World Health Organization. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies objectively measured with accelerometers that have emerged in recent years to determine the amount of MVPA of children at recess. This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The extraction process for the studies included in this systematic review yielded a total of 43 articles. The studies were classified according to the methodological nature of the research: cross-sectional (n = 34), longitudinal (n = 3) and quasi-experimental (n = 6). The results of the studies confirm that during the recess period younger children are physically more active than older ones and that in general, boys are more physically active than girls. In addition, the data show that the school contributes to more than 40% of the total MVPA. The intervention programs led to an increase in MVPA of up to 5%. Providing schools with equipment and facilities shows that intervention programs are beneficial for raising children’s levels of physical activity.

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The Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Academic Achievement in Dutch Adolescents: Findings From the GOALS Study

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.2014-0014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 460-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Martin L. Van Dijk ◽

Renate H.M. De Groot ◽

Hans H.C.M. Savelberg ◽

Frederik Van Acker ◽

Paul A. Kirschner

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Academic Achievement ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Mathematics Performance ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Physical Activity Volume ◽

And Mathematics ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

The main goal of this study was to investigate the association between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement in adolescents. Students in Grades 7 and 9 (N = 255) were included. Overall, we found no significant dose–response association between physical activity and academic achievement. However, in Grade 7 total physical activity volume (Total PA) was negatively associated with academic achievement, while moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was negatively associated with both academic achievement and mathematics performance. In contrast, in Grade 9 both Total PA and MVPA were positively associated with mathematics performance. In addition, the overall association between MVPA and academic achievement followed an inverted U-shaped curve. Finally, Total PA was positively associated with executive functioning, while executive functioning in turn mediated the associations between Total PA and both academic achievement and mathematics performance. These results indicate that the association between physical activity and academic achievement in adolescents is complex and might be affected by academic year, physical activity volume and intensity, and school grade.

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