scholarly journals Effect of Vermicompost Amendment on the Accumulation and Chemical Forms of Trace Metals in Leafy Vegetables Grown in Contaminated Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6619
Author(s):  
Yu-Shan Yen ◽  
Kuei-San Chen ◽  
Hsin-Yi Yang ◽  
Hung-Yu Lai
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Farmland Soil ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium

(1) Background: Trace metal (TM) contamination of farmland soil in Taiwan occurs because factories dump wastewater into irrigation ditches. Since vermicompost affects the bioavailability of TMs, the objective of this study was to evaluate its effects on the accumulation of growth of TMs in leafy vegetables. (2) Methods: Two TM-contaminated soils and different types of pak choi and lettuce were used and amended with vermicompost. Besides soil properties, the study assessed vermicompost’s influence on the growth, accumulation, and chemical forms of TMs and on the health risks posed by oral intake. (3) Results: Vermicompost could increase the content of soil organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable magnesium, and exchangeable potassium, thus promoting the growth of leafy vegetables. The accumulation of four TMs in crops under vermicompost was reduced compared to the control, especially for the concentration of cadmium, which decreased by 60–75%. The vermicompost’s influence on changing the chemical form of TMs depended on the TM concentrations, type of TM, and crop species; moreover, blanching effectively reduced the concentrations of TMs in high-mobility chemical forms. Although vermicompost mostly reduced the amount of cadmium consumed via oral intake, cadmium still posed the highest health risk compared to the other three TMs.

scholarly journals Amendment of Husk Biochar on Accumulation and Chemical Form of Cadmium in Lettuce and Pak-Choi Grown in Contaminated Soil

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuei-San Chen ◽  
Chun-Yu Pai ◽  
Hung-Yu Lai
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors

(1) Background: Cadmium (Cd) accumulated in vegetables not only affects their growth but can also enter the human body via food chains and lead to various illnesses. Plants can decrease the toxicity by changing the chemical forms of Cd, which include inorganic (FE), water-soluble (FW), pectate- and protein-integrated (FNaCl), undissolved phosphate (FHAc), oxalate (FHCl), and residual forms (FR). Among them, FE and FW chemical forms show higher mobility to translocate upward from roots to shoots compared with the others. (2) Methods: Different varieties or cultivars of lettuce and pak-choi were grown in Cd-contaminated soils amended with husk biochar (BC) to replenish nitrogen to the recommended amount and also to raise the soil pH value. (3) Results: More than 73% of the accumulated Cd in the edible organs was compartmentalized in FE chemical form in both leafy vegetables regardless of treatments. In comparison with control, the application of BC decreased the Cd concentrations and bioconcentration factors in the roots and shoots of two leafy vegetables at different growth periods in general. The chemical form and bioaccessible fraction of Cd in the edible blanching tissues were used to calculate the risk of oral intake. The vegetable-induced hazard quotients of lettuce and pak-choi were acceptable, except for pak-choi grown in control without applying BC.

scholarly journals Potential Risk of Consuming Vegetables Planted in Soil with Lead and Cadmium and the Influence on Vegetable Antioxidant Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3761
Author(s):  
Wen-Lii Huang ◽  
Wei-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Shu-Fen Cheng ◽  
Huai-Yuan Li ◽  
Hsiu-Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cd Exposure

Once in soil and water, metals can enter the food chain, and the consumption of contaminated crops can pose a serious risk to human health. This study used pot experiments to evaluate the accumulation of metal elements and their influence on levels of antioxidants in vegetables. The current study clearly demonstrates that metals accumulated in the five vegetables that were planted in the contaminated soils, especially so for water spinach. Cd accumulation of all of the vegetables planted in the contaminated soils was greater Cu. The low accumulation rate that was seen in sweet potato leaf, potato, and tomato indicated their suitability for planting in suspected contaminated soil, such as at farms nearby metal industries, in replacement of high accumulators, such as leafy vegetables. The non-carcinogenic HI of Cd exposure from water spinach and sweet potato were >1, whereas those for Cu were <1. This study suggests that residents may experience health risks due to vegetable consumption, and that children are vulnerable to the adverse effects of heavy metal ingestion.

Tetracycline uptake by pak choi grown on contaminated soils and its toxicity in human liver cell line HL-7702

2019 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 312-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Liu ◽  
Lingli Lu ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Bilal Hussain ◽  
Shengke Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Liver Cell Line ◽  
Human Liver Cell

scholarly journals Response of Corchorus olitorius Leafy Vegetable to Cadmium in the Soil

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Sibongokuhle Ndlovu ◽  
Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla ◽  
Nontuthuko R. Ntuli
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Hormetic Effect

Corchorus olitorius, a leafy vegetable with high nutrient content, is normally collected from the wild, in areas that are prone to cadmium (Cd) toxicity. However, studies on how Cd accumulation affects vegetative and reproductive traits of leafy vegetables in South Africa are limited. Therefore, this study tested the effect of Cd accumulation on C. olitorius morphological traits. Plants were grown under various Cd concentrations and studied for variation in vegetative and reproductive traits as well as accumulation in roots and shoots. Plants exposed to 5 mg/kg Cd had longer roots with higher moisture content, heavier fresh and dried stems, as well as dried leaves, which indicated a hormetic effect in C. olitorius after exposure to low Cd concentration in the soil. Again, plants treated with 5–10 mg/kg Cd, accumulated toxic (>10 mg/kg dry weight) Cd within shoots and roots, with minor morphological alterations. Plants could survive, with some morphological defects, Cd toxicity up to 20 mg/kg in soil. Only plants exposed to 5 mg/kg could reproduce. Cd accumulation increased with an increase in the soil, with higher accumulation in shoots. The translocation factor was high (>1) in all Cd concentrations. In conclusion, C. olitorius can accumulate toxic Cd, and yet grow and reproduce either normally or better than the control. The proposed dose of Cd that induces hormesis in C. olitorius is 5 mg/kg in the soil. Therefore, C. olitorius is suitable for phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soils, but unsafe for consumption when it grows in such areas.

Pirimiphos-Methyl Residues and Control of Greenhouse Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Seven Vegetables

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Antonious ◽  
John C. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Initial Deposition ◽  
Waiting Periods ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plant Surfaces

A gas chromatographic analysis of pirimiphos-methyl, Actellic®, residues on four leafy vegetables (celery, radicchio, cabbage and kohlrabi) and three fruity vegetables (green beans, pepper and cucumber) is reported. The method proved to be accurate and reliable for residue estimation with recoveries of 90–96% from fortified vegetable tissues, depending on the crop species and the part of the plant analyzed. Initial deposition of pirimiphos-methyl and its disappearance rate on the different types of plant surfaces varied widely. Residue disappearance rates varied from rapid on cucumber fruits (t½ = 1.8 d) to slow on pepper fruits (t½ = 4.3 d) over a 42-day period. On leaves, green beans had the highest dissipation rate (t½ = 2.0 d) while pepper had the lowest (t½ = 4.7 d). Waiting periods (preharvest safety intervals) on each crop were also determined. The potential of pirimiphos-methyl was tested as a candidate for greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) control. Cucumber and bean foliage were preferred by greenhouse whitefly. One day following application of Actellic® 5E emulsifiable concentrate at the rate of 4.5 g (AI)/L of liquid spray, whitefly populations were reduced significantly on both cucumber (88%) and beans (96%). Pirimiphos-methyl may be a useful candidate for control of greenhouse whitefly and other insects in home gardens based on its effectiveness and human safety.

Sensitive crop species and appropriate bioassays for potential use in phytotoxicity assessment of Pb-contaminated soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Hou ◽  
Guannan Liu ◽  
Wenjun Fu ◽  
Baocui Liang ◽  
Xinhui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Uptake and Effects of Six Rare Earth Elements (REEs) on Selected Native and Crop Species Growing in Contaminated Soils

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0129936 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carpenter ◽  
Céline Boutin ◽  
Jane E. Allison ◽  
Jessica L. Parsons ◽  
Deanna M. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Crop Species

scholarly journals Uptake of Heavy Metals from Urban Wastewater Contaminated Soils by Using Selected Crop Species of Mysuru City, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Abhilash M.R ◽  
Srikantaswamy S ◽  
Shiva Kumar D
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Crop Species

<div><p><em>Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of pollutant in the environment. Numerous methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. F</em><em>actors influencing heavy metal uptake by Crops were studied by pot and field experiments in Mysuru City, India. Results concern with soils is contaminated with Urban Wastewater. In this paper demonstrated effects on the heavy metal content of eight cultivated crop species, in three wastewater contaminated sites of Mysuru City. Interaction between ecological factors and crop characters was demonstrated, as well as results of pot and field studies were compared. Tested plant species were grouped on the basis of their accumulation capability and susceptibility of heavy metals.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Urban agriculture in the city of Daloa, Central-West Côte d'Ivoire: Crop species, market practices and economic fallout

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 026-034
Author(s):  
Amon Anoh Denis-Esdras ◽  
Konan Kouadio Ezéchiel ◽  
Kouadio N’da Kouamé Cyriac ◽  
Soro Kafana ◽  
Seguena Fofana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Market Gardening ◽  
Market Practices ◽  
The City

In Côte d'Ivoire, urban agriculture is expanding in several cities due to its proximity to consumers and its financial benefits. In the city of Daloa, several plant species are cultivated as food crops in market gardens. A survey based on semi-structured interviews was carried out among 19 people at 8 market gardening sites. This sector is controlled by functional illiterate persons who are more than 5 years’ experience. Eleven species included in 9 genera and 8 families and grouped into 5 types of vegetables were recorded. Carrot, Cabbage, Courgette, Spinach, Green Bean, Parsley, Lettuce and Tomato were the most grown vegetable. The most represented families were Apiaceae, Asteraceae and Liliaceae. Leafy vegetables (lettuce, cabbage, parsley) were the most grown. Market gardening generates monthly incomes depending on actor, species, and seasons. Thus, this sector provides an important source of income for local populations and deserves support from authorities.

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