scholarly journals Association between Osteoporosis and Low Hemoglobin Levels: A Nested Case–Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8598
Author(s):  
So-Young Kim ◽  
Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Hyo-Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
National Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Charlson Comorbidity Index Score ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Increased Risk

An association between anemia and an increased risk of osteoporosis has been suggested. The goal of this study was to estimate the association of hemoglobin (Hb) level with osteoporosis. A total of 69,760 osteoporosis patients aged ≥ 40 years old from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort were enrolled. From an identical cohort database, 69,760 comparison participants were randomly selected. Hb levels before the onset of osteoporosis were evaluated. The association of Hb level with osteoporosis was analyzed using a conditional logistic regression model adjusted for obesity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and the Charlson comorbidity index score. Fifteen percent of the osteoporosis group and 14.17% of the comparison group had anemia. The Hb level was associated with 0.98-fold lower odds for osteoporosis (95% confidence intervals = 0.97–0.99, p < 0.001). A low Hb level was associated with a high risk of osteoporosis in the adult population. There was a consistent association between a low Hb level and osteoporosis in patients with comorbidities.

scholarly journals Association between Previous Statin Use and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Ji Hee Kim ◽  
Heui Seung Lee ◽  
Jee Hye Wee ◽  
Yoo Hwan Kim ◽  
Chan Yang Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Statin Use

A number of studies report the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in patients taking statins, but the results are inconsistent. (1) Background: The present study investigated the cross-sectional association between previous statin use and the risk of AD development in Korean residents. (2) Methods: We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort; 17,172 AD patients were matched by age, gender, income, and region of residence with 68,688 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. We used a multiple conditional logistic regression model to analyse the association between the number of days of statin use and AD occurrence. Further analyses were performed to identify whether this association is maintained for different ages, genders, socioeconomic status groups, and covariates. (3) Results: The odds ratio, which was adjusted for potential confounders, for the days of statin use per year in the AD group compared to the control group was 0.95 (95% confidence interval = 0.92–0.98; p = 0.003). The number of days of statin use in the AD group was significantly smaller in the subgroups of non-smokers and individuals with normal weight, alcohol consumption less than once a week, total cholesterol level below 200 mg/dL, systolic blood pressure below 140, diastolic blood pressure below 90, and fasting blood glucose below 100 mg/dL. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that statin use prevents the occurrence of AD. The effects of statin use in preventing AD may be greater in individuals at relatively low risk.

scholarly journals Increased Risk of Migraine in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Soo-Hwan Byun ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽  
Byoung-Eun Yang ◽  
Hyo-Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
National Health ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and migraine through a longitudinal follow-up study using population data from a national health screening cohort. Methods: This cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2015. Of the 514,866 participants, 3884 TMD patients were matched at a 1:4 ratio with 15,536 control participants. Crude models and models adjusted for obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores were calculated. Chi-squared test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and two-tailed log-rank test were used for statistical analysis. Stratified Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for migraine in both control groups. Results: The adjusted HR for migraine was 2.10 (95% CI: 1.81–2.44) in the TMD group compared to the control group, which was consistent in subgroup analyses according to age, sex, and Kaplan–Meier analysis. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that TMD patients have a higher risk of migraine. These results suggest that dentists can decrease the risk of migraine in TMD patients by managing TMD properly.

scholarly journals Association Between Previous Statin Use and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Nested Case-control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hee Kim ◽  
Heui Seung Lee ◽  
Jee Hye Wee ◽  
Chan Yang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Statin Use

Abstract BackgroundA number of studies on the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in patients taking statins have been reported; however, the results are inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the association between previous statin use and the risk of AD development in Korean residents.MethodsWe assessed the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes individuals aged older than 40 years from 2002 to 2015. A total of 17,172 AD patients were matched by age, sex, income, and region of residence with 68,688 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. We used a multiple conditional logistic regression model to analyze the association between the number of days of statin use and AD occurrence. Further analyses were performed to identify whether this association was maintained for different ages, sexes, socioeconomic statuses, and covariates.ResultsThe adjusted odds ratio (OR), which was adjusted for potential confounders, for the days of statin use per year in the AD group compared to the control group was 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92-0.98, P = 0.003). The number of days of statin use in the AD group was significantly smaller than that in control group among women older than 75 years and in the subgroups of nonsmokers and individuals with normal weight, alcohol consumption less than once a week, total cholesterol level below 200, systolic blood pressure below 140 and diastolic blood pressure below 90, and fasting blood glucose below 100.ConclusionsOur results suggested that statin use may prevent the occurrence of AD. The effect of preventing AD in statin use may be greater in individuals with relatively low risk.

scholarly journals Association between statin medication and hearing impairment in a national health screening cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So Young Kim ◽  
Chang Ho Lee ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
National Health ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statin Prescription ◽  
Statin Use

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the association of previous stain use with hearing impairment in an adult population. Data from the ≥ 40-year-old population in the Korean National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort were used. The hearing impairment group was classified based on the national registry of hearing-impaired persons. Control participants were randomly selected and matched for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The number of days of statin prescription during the 2 years before the diagnosis of hearing impairment was compared between the hearing impairment group and the control group using conditional logistic regression analysis. Additional analyses were conducted according to age and sex. The number of days of previous statin use was not different between the hearing impairment group and the control group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.86–1.02, P = 0.118). According to age, in the ≥ 70-year-old group, those with hearing impairment had 11% lower rates of previous statin use than those in the control group (aOR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80–0.99, P = 0.039). According to sex, in the male group, 12% lower rates of previous statin use were observed among those with hearing impairment than among those in the control group (aOR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.79–0.99, P = 0.037). Previous statin use might have an effect on reducing the prevalence of hearing impairment in elderly individuals and men.

scholarly journals Lower risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage in diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. svn-2020-000601
Author(s):  
Jang Hoon Kim ◽  
Jimin Jeon ◽  
Jinkwon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and purposeDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder with increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. However, its relationship with risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), the most devastating form of stroke, remains controversial.MethodsTo evaluate the relationship between DM and risk of SAH, we performed a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide, population‐based, health screening database in Korea. We included participants without history of stroke who underwent a nationwide health screening programme between 2003 and 2004. Primary outcome was occurrence of SAH. Participants were followed up until development of SAH or December 2015. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed with adjustments for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol habit, household income and treatment with antihypertensive agents and statins.ResultsAmong 421 768 study participants, prevalence of DM was 9.6%. During a mean follow-up period of 11.6±1.9 years, 1039 patients developed SAH. Presence of DM was significantly associated with decreased risk of SAH (adjusted HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.86; p<0.001). Elevated level of fasting blood glucose was also negatively associated with risk of SAH (adjusted HR per 1 mmol/L increase 0.90; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.95; p<0.001).ConclusionDM and elevated level of fasting blood glucose were inversely associated with risk of SAH. Further studies may elucidate the possibly protective, pathophysiological role played by hyperglycaemia in patients at risk of SAH.

scholarly journals Increased risk of sialolithiasis in smokers: A nested case-control study using a national health screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ju Jin ◽  
Young Eun Han ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
National Health ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Group Sex

Abstract ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity and sialolithiasis in a Korean population.MethodsThe Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, which includes patients ≥ 40 years old, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. 947 sialolithiasis participants were matched with 3,788 control subjects at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed participants’ previous histories of smoking (current or past smokers compared to nonsmokers) and alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time per week compared to < 1 time per week) in the sialolithiasis and control groups. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), which was categorized as < 18.5 (underweight), ≥ 18.5 and < 23 (normal), ≥ 23 and < 25 (overweight), ≥ 25 and < 30 (obese I), and ≥ 30 (obese II). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe rate of smoking was higher in the sialolithiasis group (32.4% [307/947]) than in the control group (29.1% [1,103/3,788], P = 0.047). The adjusted OR of smoking for sialolithiasis was 1.31 (95% CI = 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). Alcohol consumption and obesity were not statistically significantly related to sialolithiasis.ConclusionThe odds of smoking were increased in sialolithiasis patients compared with the control subjects in ≥ 40 years old population.

scholarly journals Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Youn An ◽  
So Young Kim ◽  
Dong Jun Oh ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Songyoung Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Comorbidity Index

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity with thyroid cancer in Korean residents. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort includes individuals ≥ 40 years who were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 4977 thyroid cancer participants were matched with respect to age, sex, income, and region of residence with 19,908 controls at a ratio of 1:4. Crude and adjusted (for the Charlson comorbidity index, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and obesity) odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using conditional logistic regression analyses. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The adjusted OR of smoking for thyroid cancer was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.72, P < 0.001), and that of alcohol consumption was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92, P < 0.001). The adjusted ORs of the BMI categories were 1.13 (95% CI 1.05–1.22, P = 0.002) for obese I, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.014) for obese II. The ORs of smoking and alcohol consumption were lower, and those of overweight and obesity were higher in thyroid cancer patients than in individuals in the control group.

scholarly journals The Association between Anemia and Parkinson’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Ji Hee Kim ◽  
Jae Keun Oh ◽  
Jee Hye Wee ◽  
Chan Yang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Nested Case Control

(1) Background: Controversy exists regarding the relationship between anemia and Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the risk of PD related to anemia in the Korean population. (2) Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes adults over 40 years of age, was assessed from 2002 to 2015. A total of 5844 PD patients were matched by age, sex, income, and region of residence with 23,376 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. The analyzed covariates included age, sex, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted for case-control analyses. (3) Results: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the risk of PD associated with anemia was 1.09 after adjusting for potential confounders (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.18, p = 0.030). Among men younger than 70 years, the adjusted OR of PD was 1.34 (95% CI 1.13–1.60, p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that anemia may increase the risk of PD, particularly in men younger than 70 years. Further research is required to elucidate the causal relationship between these two diseases.

Association between statin use and the risks of glaucoma in Australia: a 10-year cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-318789
Author(s):  
Yixiong Yuan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Ruilin Xiong ◽  
Jason Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The People ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Statin Use

SynopsisIn a cohort of middle-aged and elderly Australians, we found that long-term statin use was associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset. As to subtypes of statins, the increased risk was only found in rosuvastatin users.PurposeTo investigate the relationship between statin use and glaucoma onset in a 10-year longitudinal study.MethodsThis nested case–control study was based on data from a large-scale cohort of Australians aged over 45 years old. Medication exposure was identified by claims records from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme during the follow-up period (2009–2016). The onset of glaucoma was defined as the people with at least three claims of antiglaucoma medications. Controls matched by age, gender and cardiovascular diseases were selected from participants without prescription of antiglaucoma medications. A conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between statin use and glaucoma onset.ResultsThe proportion of statin users was higher in the case group (40.5%) than that in the control group (38.4%). After adjusting for baseline characteristics and longitudinal claims records, statin use was not associated with glaucoma onset (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.11). However, an increased risk of glaucoma onset was observed in participants with a longer duration of statin use (>3 years vs <1 year: OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.21). With respect to specific types of statins, participants taking rosuvastatin were more likely to suffer from glaucoma (OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.22). The use of other statins was not significantly associated with glaucoma onset.ConclusionsLong-term statin use was found to be associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset in this study. Regarding specific types of statins, the increased risk of glaucoma onset was only observed in users of rosuvastatin.

Cigarette smoking and risk of intracranial aneurysms in middle-aged women

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 985-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S Ogilvy ◽  
Santiago Gomez-Paz ◽  
Kimberly P Kicielinski ◽  
Mohamed M Salem ◽  
Yosuke Akamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Chronic Headaches ◽  
Control Study

Background and purposeWe previously reported a single-centre study demonstrating that smoking confers a six-fold increased risk for having an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) in women aged between 30 and 60 years and this risk was higher if the patient had chronic hypertension. There are no data with greater generalisability evaluating this association. We aimed to validate our previous findings in women from a multicentre study.MethodsA multicentre case-control study on women aged between 30 and 60 years, that had magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) during the period 2016–2018. Cases were those with an incidental UIA, and these were matched to controls based on age and ethnicity. A multivariable conditional logistic regression was conducted to evaluate smoking status and hypertension differences between cases and controls.ResultsFrom 545 eligible patients, 113 aneurysm patients were matched to 113 controls. The most common reason for imaging was due to chronic headaches in 62.5% of cases and 44.3% of controls. A positive smoking history was encountered in 57.5% of cases and in 37.2% of controls. A multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant association between positive smoking history (OR 3.7, 95%CI 1.61 to 8.50), hypertension (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.17 to 8.52) and both factors combined with a diagnosis of an incidental UIA (OR 6.9, 95% CI 2.49 to 19.24).ConclusionsWomen aged between 30 and 60 years with a positive smoking history have a four-fold increased risk for having an UIA, and a seven-fold increased risk if they have underlying chronic hypertension. These findings indicate that women aged between 30 and 60 years with a positive smoking history might benefit from a screening recommendation.

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