scholarly journals A Cross-Cultural Study on Attachment and Adjustment Difficulties in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Self-Control in Italy, Spain, China, and Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8827
Author(s):  
Elisa Mancinelli ◽  
Hanna D. Liberska ◽  
Jian-Bin Li ◽  
José P. Espada ◽  
Elisa Delvecchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Paternal Attachment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Conditional Process Analysis

From a socio-ecological perspective, individuals are influenced by the interplay of individual, relational, and societal factors operating as a broader system. Thereby, to support youth adjustment during the critical adolescence period, the interplay between these factors should be investigated. This study aimed to investigate cross-cultural differences in adolescents’ maternal and paternal attachment, adolescents’ adjustment difficulties and self-control, and in their association. N = 1000 adolescents (mean (M) age = 16.94, SD = 0.48; 45.90% males) from China, Italy, Spain, and Poland participated by completing self-report measures. Results showed cross-country similarities and differences among the considered variables and their associative pattern. Moreover, conditional process analysis evaluating the association between maternal vs. paternal attachment and adjustment difficulties, mediated by self-control, and moderated by country, was performed. Maternal attachment directly, and indirectly through greater self-control, influenced adjustment difficulties in all four countries. This association was stronger among Spaniards. Paternal attachment influenced directly, and indirectly through self-control, on adolescents’ adjustment difficulties only in Italy, Spain, and Poland, and was stronger among Polish adolescents. For Chinese adolescents, paternal attachment solely associated with adjustment difficulties when mediated by self-control. Thus, results highlighted both similarities and differences across countries in the interplay between maternal vs. paternal attachment and self-control on adolescents’ adjustment difficulties. Implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Revealed Traits: A Novel Method for Estimating Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Personality

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory K. Costello ◽  
Dustin Wood ◽  
William Tov
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Revealed Preferences ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Novel Method

Cross-cultural research on personality has often led to surprising and countertheoretical findings, which have led to concerns over the validity of country-level estimates of personality (e.g., Heine, Buchtel, & Norenzayan, 2008). The present study explores how cross-cultural differences can be indexed via revealed trait estimates, which index the personality traits of individuals or groups indirectly through their likelihood of responding in particular ways to particular situations. In two studies, we measure self-reports of personality, revealed traits, and revealed preferences for different expected effects (e.g., experiencing excitement) of two cultural groups (U.S. and Singaporean participants). We found typical East–West differences in personality using self-report scales, such as lower levels of Conscientiousness- and Extraversion-related characteristics among Singaporean participants relative to U.S. participants. We found evidence of scale use extremity differences in self-report personality scales but not in revealed trait estimates. Using revealed traits, we found evidence of strikingly high levels of similarity in terms of overall action endorsement, revealed trait estimates, and revealed preferences. However, this was qualified by consistent differences in revealed trait estimates of Extraversion-related characteristics and less consistent differences in revealed trait estimates of Conscientiousness-related characteristics. We also found consistent differences in preferences for different expected effects; for example, Singaporean participants reported lower likelihood of performing actions expected to result in experiencing stimulation or excitement than U.S. participants. Results suggest that similarities in action endorsements and revealed traits may be driven by common preferences for social inclusion and benevolence, and differences may be driven by differing preferences for expending effort, experiencing stimulation, and social attention.

The effect of parent–adolescent relationship quality on deviant peer affiliation: The mediating role of self-control and friendship quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 2714-2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangsong Liu ◽  
Harold Chui ◽  
Man Cheung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Deviant Peer Affiliation ◽  
Peer Affiliation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adolescent Relationship

Previous research demonstrated the association between parent–adolescent relationship quality and deviant peer affiliation, but it is unclear whether this relation is mediated by other psychological and interpersonal variables, whether father– and mother–adolescent relationship quality have different pathways in predicting deviant peer affiliation, and whether gender moderates these associations. A sample of 543 students from grades 10 to 12 (42.7% male; age M = 16.2 years, SD = 1.0) was selected from a Chinese high school in Shenzhen, China. They provided demographic variables and completed self-report measures of father– and mother–adolescent relationship quality, self-control, friendship quality, and deviant peer affiliation. The results showed that lower father–adolescent relationship quality was associated with lower self-control, which in turn was associated with higher deviant peer affiliation. Mother–adolescent relationship quality did not have direct or indirect association with deviant peer affiliation. In addition, male and female adolescents had no significant difference in the associations between father– and mother–adolescent relationship quality, self-control, friendship quality, and deviant peer affiliation. Implications and limitations of these findings were discussed.

scholarly journals Features of Volitional Regulation of Komi-Zyryans and Russians

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Shlyapnikov ◽  
O.V. Avdeeva
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

The results of a cross-cultural study of volitional regulation in Komi-Zyryans and Russians are presented. Two samples of 100 representatives of Komi (Syktyvkar) and 100 representatives of Russian (Moscow) was compared. The samples were balanced by gender, age and other socio-demographic characteristics. To diagnose the individual characteristics of volitional regulation of the respondents, the following methods were used: “Action-control scale” by Yu. Kuhl, “Questionnaire for revealing the expression of self-control in the emotional sphere, activity and behavior”, self-evaluation of volitional qualities. The significant differences between Komi-Zyryans and Russians in behavioral (p=0,05) and social self-control (p=0,01), self-appraisals of volitional qualities: disciplined (p=0,01), persistent (p=0,01), strong-willed (p=0,05), initiative (p=0,05), restrained (p=0,05), patient (p=0,01), stubborn (p=0,01), calm (p=0,01), attentive (p=0,01) were showed. The obtained results confirm the hypothesis about the presence of cross-cultural differences in the parameters of volitional regulation and confirm the ideas of the volition as a higher mental function.

Exploring the Relationship Between Celebrity Worship and Brand Equity: The Mediating Role of Self-brand Connection

2020 ◽  
pp. 097325862096896
Author(s):  
Yadvinder Parmar ◽  
Bikram Jit Singh Mann
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Conditional Process Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Triadic Relationship ◽  
Study Offer

The main objective of this research is to investigate the triadic relationship among celebrity worship, self-brand connection and brand equity. Specifically, it aims to investigate the role of self-brand connections as a mediating variable in the relationship between celebrity worship and brand equity. The results of the conditional process analysis revealed that celebrity worship influences brand equity through direct as well as indirect pathways. It reveals that there is a direct and positive influence of celebrity worship on brand equity. It also finds that the consumer self-brand connection mediated the effect of celebrity worship on brand equity, extending support for the indirect influence on brand equity enrichment. The findings of the study offer key insights for academicians and marketing practitioners. It is one of the pioneering studies in the field of celebrity worship which helps academicians decipher the impact of celebrity as idols on the endorsed brand equity. Brand managers can use the findings for targeting niche consumer segments who are celebrity worshippers as they are more likely to remain loyal to the brand. They can also benefit from developing relationships with consumers as these may transform into long-lasting benefits for the brand.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Impact of School Climate and Teachers’ Self-Efficacy on Job Satisfaction: A Cross-Cultural Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis G. Katsantonis
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is twofold: (a) To confirm the mediating role of teachers’ self-efficacy between the relation of school climate and teachers’ job satisfaction and (b) to tease apart any cross-cultural effects of the association of self-efficacy and job satisfaction by comparing teachers’ responses. Drawing upon the publicly available TALIS 2018 (June 2019) database, a representative sample of 51,782 primary school teachers from 15 countries was used for the analyses. Structural equation modeling was implemented to test for mediation effects of teachers’ self-efficacy at the individuals’ level and a general linear model (GLM) MANOVA was applied to compare the participants’ scores in self-efficacy and job satisfaction across cultures. Results indicate, in accordance with previous research, that self-efficacy is a mediating variable of the relation between school climate and job satisfaction at the individuals’ level across cultures. Moreover, the GLM revealed statistically significant cross-cultural differences among teachers’ responses in job satisfaction and self-efficacy. These findings have implications for teachers’ wellbeing and resilience.

Empowerment and organizational identification

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Ertürk ◽  
Taner Albayrak
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Leader Integrity ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Conditional Process Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanism through which perceived empowerment practices in a firm influence employees’ organizational identification. Specifically, the authors posit the mediating role of leader‒member exchange (LMX) and the moderating role of leader trustworthiness in the relationship. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through survey from 236 white-collar employees working in 20 private companies in Turkey. The authors tested the model using hierarchical regression and conditional process analysis. Findings Findings of this study are as follows: first, LMX mediates the relationship between empowerment practices and organizational identification, second, leader integrity, a dimension of trustworthiness, moderates the relationship between empowerment practices and LMX and the relationship between LMX and organizational identification and, third, leader integrity moderates the indirect effect of empowerment practices on organizational identification via LMX. These direct and indirect effects are stronger when leaders have higher integrity than when they have lower integrity. Originality/value This study enhances the understanding of the mechanism through which empowerment practices influence employees’ organizational identification.

A Cross-Cultural Examination of University Students’ Motivation Toward Band and Academics in Singapore and the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Tan ◽  
Peter Miksza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Band Students ◽  
Approach Goals

The purpose of the study was to investigate how university band students’ (non–music majors) motivational goal orientations toward band and academics differ across participants from Singapore ( n = 200) and the United States ( n = 227) and examine how they relate to a suite of adaptive dispositions (i.e., flow, grit, and commitment) relevant for 21st-century learning. Data were gathered via a self-report questionnaire that measured achievement goal orientations toward academic major, individual and collective goal orientations toward band, flow during rehearsals, grit while practicing, and commitment to band. An unexpected lack of cross-cultural differences was found, with participants from both cultural groups reporting higher levels of motivation toward their major academic field compared to band, indicating that achievement domain rather than culture accounted for differences in motivational goal orientations. Results also suggest that the optimal motivational profile to cultivate in large ensemble is a combination of individual mastery-approach and collective performance-approach goals.

scholarly journals Features of volitional regulation among representatives of different ethnocultural groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
V.A. Ivannikov ◽  
V.N. Shlyapnikov
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Ethnocultural Groups ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Former Ussr

The results of a cross-cultural study of volitional regulation in in representatives of 11 ethno-cultural groups living in the territory of the Russian Federation and the former USSR are presented. The representatives of the Armenian, Bashkir, Byelorussian, Jewish, Mari, Ossetian, Russian, Tajik, Tatar, Ukrainian peoples, as well as the Komi people were compared. The samples were balanced by gender, age and other socio-demographic characteristics. In total, 1156 people took part in the study. To diagnose the individual characteristics of volitional regulation of the respondents, the following methods were used: “Action-control scale” by Yu. Kuhl, “Questionnaire for revealing the expression of self-control in the emotional sphere, activity and behavior”, self-evaluation of volitional qualities. The presence of significant differences between the groups for all measured parameters was shown (p<0.001). The obtained results confirm the hypothesis about the presence of cross-cultural differences in the parameters of volitional regulation and confirm the ideas of the volition as a higher mental function.

scholarly journals Linking Self-Control to Voluntary Behaviors at Workplace: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jie Wang ◽  
Kui-Yun Chen ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Yao-Zhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Voluntary Work ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Voluntary work behavior (VWB) refers to spontaneous workplace behaviors that extend beyond role norms, including extra-role behaviors that benefit the organization (i. e., organizational citizenship behavior, OCB) and negative behaviors that may harm the organization (i.e., counterproductive work behavior, CWB). This study examined the relationship between self-control and VWB and the mediating role of job satisfaction. A total of 1,101 full-time employees from China completed a battery of self-report measures online. The results show that self-control positively predicts employees' OCB and negatively predicts employees' CWB. Moreover, job satisfaction significantly mediates the relationship between self-control and OCB/CWB. The results confirm that employees with high self-control are more public-spirited, which previous studies have described as being “highly committed” (high OCB) or “less harmful” (low CWB). This finding closely relates to the observation that employees with high self-control tend to have more satisfying work outcomes or higher workplace status than those with low self-control.

scholarly journals Revealed Traits: A Novel Method for Estimating Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Personality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory Kennedy Costello ◽  
Dustin Wood ◽  
William Tov
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Revealed Preferences ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Novel Method

Cross-cultural research on personality has often led to surprising and counter-theoretical findings, which have led to concerns over the validity of country-level estimates of personality (e.g., Heine, Buchtel, & Norenzayan, 2008). The present study explores how cross-cultural differences can be indexed via revealed trait estimates, which index the personality traits of individuals or groups indirectly through their likelihood of responding in particular ways to particular situations. In two studies, we measure self-reports of personality, revealed traits, and revealed preferences for different expected effects (e.g., experiencing excitement) of two cultural groups (U.S. and Singaporean participants). We found typical East-West differences in personality using self-report scales, such as lower levels of Conscientiousness- and Extraversion-related characteristics among Singaporean participants relative to U.S. participants. We found evidence of scale use extremity differences in self-report personality scales, but not in revealed trait estimates. Using revealed traits, we found evidence of strikingly high levels of similarity in terms of overall action endorsement, revealed trait estimates, and revealed preferences. However, this was qualified by consistent differences in revealed trait estimates of Extraversion-related characteristics, and less consistent differences in revealed trait estimates of Conscientiousness-related characteristics. We also found consistent differences in preferences for different expected effects; for example, Singaporean participants reported lower likelihood of performing actions expected to result in experiencing stimulation or excitement than U.S. participants. Results suggest that similarities in action endorsements and revealed traits may be driven by common preferences for social inclusion and benevolence, and differences may be driven by differing preferences for expending effort, experiencing stimulation, and social attention.

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