scholarly journals Body Composition Results of Caucasian Young Normal Body Mass Women in the Follicular Proliferative Phase, Measured for the Different Positions of Limbs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10214
Author(s):  
Dominika Głąbska ◽  
Agata Wojciechowska ◽  
Karolina Cackowska ◽  
Dominika Guzek
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intracellular Water ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Extracellular Water ◽  
Proliferative Phase

The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) became a standardized technique for assessing body composition, but many factors affect the reproducibility of measurement, including body and limbs position. In spite of the fact that it is recommended for patient to be in a supine position, with arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45°, a lot of authors conduct their measurements with arms and legs of patients separated to not touch the body but not strictly following the recommendations. Taking this into account, the aim of the study was to analyze the body composition results of Caucasian young normal body mass women in the follicular proliferative phase, measured for the different positions of limbs in order to compare the results obtained in the recommended position (with arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45°) and in the commonly used position (not following strictly the recommendations). The study was conducted in a homogenous group of 100 adult females under the age of 30 years using BIA 101/ASE with the Bodygram Pro software and its equations by Akern Srl, Firenze, Italy, based on the measurement recommendations. The measurements were conducted (1) in a recommended position of arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45° and (2) with arms spread and legs separated to not touch the body to compare the body composition assessment (fat mass, fat-free mass, body cell mass, muscle mass, water content, extracellular water content, and intracellular water content). It was stated that the results obtained for various positions of limbs were positively correlated (p < 0.0001; R > 0.5). At the same time, the statistically significant differences dependent on the position were observed for the calculated results of body cell mass (lower results for the recommended position for the results observed in kg and % of body mass; p = 0.0165 and p = 0.0075, respectively) and muscle mass (lower results for the recommended position for the results observed in kg and % of body mass; p = 0.0025 and p = 0.0011, respectively), as well as extracellular and intracellular water (higher % of total body water for the extracellular water and lower for intracellular water; p = 0.0049 and p = 0.0115, respectively), resulting from the measured resistance and reactance values. For all listed comparisons of significantly differing variables, weighted κ statistics indicated moderate agreement (values of 0.41–0.60), and the Bland–Altman plot analysis indicated no agreement (Bland–Altman index of >5%). While compared with the reference values, the major differences were observed for extracellular/intracellular water content, as, while applying a method with arms and legs separated to not touch the body (not recommended position), the extracellular water content was underestimated for 31% and intracellular water content was overestimated for 28% of participants. It may be concluded that the recommended body position of arms abducted at least 30° and legs abducted at approximately 45° should be chosen to ensure the reliability of the BIA measurements, as, while the recommendations of a body position are not followed, the results obtained may be misleading and may not reflect the actual body composition.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Body Composition of Caucasian Young Normal Body Mass Women, Measured in the Follicular Phase, Depending on the Carbohydrate Diet Level

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Głąbska ◽  
Karolina Cackowska ◽  
Dominika Guzek
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Intracellular Water ◽  
Extracellular Water

Background and objectives: Some publications indicate the possibility of the influence of meal nutritional value on results of bioelectrical impedance, and of the relation between the long-term carbohydrate intake and body composition. The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the influence of long-term intake of carbohydrates on body composition results assessed using the bioelectrical impedance of Caucasian young women with normal body mass, who were in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle. Materials and Methods: Body composition was assessed in 100 women (18–30 years), according to strict rules, to minimize the influence of disturbing factors and by using two types of bioelectrical impedance device of the same operator to eliminate the influence of measurement (BIA 101/SC and BIA 101/ASE by Akern Srl, Firenze, Italy with the Bodygram 1.31 software and its equations by Akern Srl, Firenze, Italy). The analysis included validation of reproducibility of body composition assessment (fat, fat-free, body cell and muscle mass, water, extracellular water, and intracellular water content), and comparison of body composition for groups characterized by carbohydrate content <50% (n = 55) and >50% of the energy value of the diet (n = 45). Results: Analysis conducted using Bland–Altman method, analysis of correlation, analysis of quartile distribution, and weighted κ statistic revealed a positively validated reproducibility, but extracellular water associations were the weakest. Depending on the device, participants characterized by higher carbohydrate intake had significantly higher intracellular water content (p = 0.0448), or close to significantly higher (p = 0.0851) than those characterized by lower carbohydrate intake, whose extracellular water content was close to significantly lower (p = 0.0638) or did not differ. Conclusions: The long-term, moderately reduced, carbohydrate intake may cause the shift of intracellular water to the extracellular space and, as a result, influence the body composition results.

scholarly journals The role and place of bioimpedance analysis assessment of body composition of children and adolescents with different body mass

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. V. Girsh ◽  
O. A. Gerasimchik
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis

The steady rise of obesity in children and adolescents emphasizes the need for new, integrated approaches to its diagnosis and therapy. When diagnosing obesity and choosing methods for its correction, it is fundamentally important to use reliable methods of estimating the amount of adipose tissue. Using the body mass index is not always sufficient, since it does not provide complete information on quantitative content in the body weight of the patient’s body. For these purposes in clinical medicine use of bioimpedance analysis to assess the indicators, which characterize the basal metabolism, active cell mass, fat and basirova mass and total water content in the body. However, the holding of bioimpedance body composition analysis is currently limited mainly to dietetics and sports medicine, and adult patients. Quite interesting is the use of the bioimpedance method in the pediatric age group for accurate evaluation of body composition of children of various ages and body weight that will allow for dynamic control of all types of metabolism to evaluate the effectiveness of the observation and treatment of patients with overweight and obesity.

BODY WATER OF NEWBORN INFANTS OF DIABETIC MOTHERS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (II) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mogens Osler
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intracellular Water ◽  
Extracellular Water ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

ABSTRACT The total body water as well as the distribution of water in the extracellular and intracellular compartments was determined in 23 infants born to diabetic mothers (diab. infants) and 15 infants born to normal mothers (normal infants). The total body water was determined by the dilution method using heavy water, and the extracellular water by the dilution method using thiosulphate. Intracellular water was calculated as total water less extracellular water. The analytical methods are described. Diab. infants proved to have a mean total body water of 2.48 litres or 70.2 per cent of the body weight, a mean extracellular water content of 1.41 litre or 38.5 per cent of the body weight, and a mean intracellular water content of 1.16 litre or 31.8 per cent of the body weight. Normal infants had a mean total body water of 2.58 litres or 78.2 per cent of the body weight, a mean extracellular water content of 1.53 litre or 44.9 per cent of the body weight, and a mean intracellular water content of 1.12 litre or 33.5 per cent of the body weight. The reduction in total and extracellular water in the diab. infants is statistically significant, whereas that of intracellular water is more doubtful. The reduction in total body water means that diab. infants are obese. A marked decrease in total as well as extracellular water without a substantial decrease in intracellular water cannot be due to obesity alone, since fat is assumed to contain more extracellular than intracellular water. Increased deposition of glycogen, which binds water in the cells and constitutes an intermediate product in the transformation of glucose to fat, can explain, when also considering the obesity, the reduction in total and extracellular water without a simultaneous decrease of intracellular water. Considering the influence of insulin, corticosteroids and growth hormone on the body composition, the author concludes that the changes found in the body composition of newborn infants of diabetic mothers (obesity + presumably increased glycogen) may be assumed to be due to maternal hyperglycaemia with consequent foetal hyperglycaemia + hyperinsulinism, but not to an action of maternal growth hormone. In other words, the result supports the so-called hyperglycaemia hypothesis as the cause of the increased weight and changed body composition of the newborn infants of diabetic women.

scholarly journals Effect of 12-Week Swimming Training on Body Composition in Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Charmas ◽  
Wilhelm Gromisz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Total Body

Background: Systematic physical activity can permanently prevent disadvantageous developments in the human body. This is very important especially for women, for whom the maintenance of a lean body in good shape is sometimes a primary consideration. However, in most cases, this activity is taken randomly and does not produce the desired effects such as reducing body fat. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in female body composition induced by 12 weeks of swimming training compared to sedentary controls. Methods: Training sessions occurred three times per week (60 min/session). Height, body mass, and waist/hip circumference and waist/hips ratio (WHR) were measured. Body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW), fat mass (FM), lean mass (FFM), and muscle mass (MM) were measured using bioelectrical impedance (pre/post). Results: Training elicited decreases in hip circumference and increase in WHR. No changes were recorded in BCM, TBW, ECW, ICW, FM, FFM, and MM. Controls experienced decreases in values of BCM, ICW, and MM and increases in ECW. Conclusion: The applied swimming training did not significantly affect the body composition parameters. Inactivity also triggered a tendency toward unhealthy movement of water from the intracellular to extracellular space.

Beyond Body Mass Index. Is the Body Cell Mass Index (BCMI) a useful prognostic factor to describe nutritional, inflammation and muscle mass status in hospitalized elderly?

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Rondanelli ◽  
Jacopo Talluri ◽  
Gabriella Peroni ◽  
Chiara Donelli ◽  
Fabio Guerriero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Hospitalized Elderly

Predicting body cell mass with bioimpedance by using theoretical methods: a technological review

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1542-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Lorenzo ◽  
A. Andreoli ◽  
J. Matthie ◽  
P. Withers
Keyword(s):  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Mixture Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Extracellular Water ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Cole Model

De Lorenzo, A., A. Andreoli, J. Matthie, and P. Withers.Predicting body cell mass with bioimpedance by using theoretical methods: a technological review. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1542–1558, 1997.—The body cell mass (BCM), defined as intracellular water (ICW), was estimated in 73 healthy men and women by total body potassium (TBK) and by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). In 14 other subjects, extracellular water (ECW) and total body water (TBW) were measured by bromide dilution and deuterium oxide dilution, respectively. For all subjects, impedance spectral data were fit to the Cole model, and ECW and ICW volumes were predicted by using model electrical resistance terms RE and RI in an equation derived from Hanai mixture theory, respectively. The BIS ECW prediction bromide dilution was r = 0.91, standard error of the estimate (SEE) 0.90 liter. The BIS TBW prediction of deuterium space was r = 0.95, SEE 1.33 liters. The BIS ICW prediction of the dilution-determined ICW was r = 0.87, SEE 1.69 liters. The BIS ICW prediction of the TBK-determined ICW for the 73 subjects was r = 0.85, SEE = 2.22 liters. These results add further support to the validity of the Hanai theory, the equation used, and the conclusion that ECW and ICW volume can be predicted by an approach based solely on fundamental principles.

Indexes of body cell mass: nitrogen versus potassium

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (3) ◽  
pp. E305-E310 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Cohn ◽  
D. Vartsky ◽  
S. Yasumura ◽  
A. N. Vaswani ◽  
K. J. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In vivo neutron activation has provided investigators with a powerful tool for research on body composition. Total-body nitrogen (TBN), total-body potassium (TBK), and total-body water (TBW) were measured in 133 normal subjects. TBN, measured by neutron activation, is a measure of total-body protein, an index of body cell mass. TBK, also measured by a nuclear reaction, is an index of body cell mass as well as lean body mass. The mass and protein content of two compartments, muscle and nonmuscle lean tissue, were determined from the combined TBN-TBK data by compartmental analysis. In this study, nitrogen was separated into the actively metabolizing body cell mass component and the slowly metabolizing structural component. The TBK, which is 95% intracellular, was found to be more closely related to the actively metabolizing nitrogen than to TBN. The relationship of body cell mass, a concept originally proposed by Moore, to lean body mass, is shown through the relationship of TBN and TBK. The clinical significance of this study, is that TBK is the more sensitive and reliable indicator of changes in body cell mass. Maximum information on body composition, however, is obtained by the measurement of both TBK and TBN.

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