scholarly journals Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11267
Author(s):  
Lynn N. Ibekwe ◽  
Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer ◽  
Sandi L. Pruitt ◽  
Nalini Ranjit ◽  
Maria E. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
African Americans ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Racial Residential Segregation ◽  
Medically Underserved Population ◽  
Perceived Racial Discrimination

Although racism is increasingly being studied as an important contributor to racial health disparities, its relation to cancer-related outcomes among African Americans remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to help clarify the relation between two indicators of racism—perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation—and cancer screening. We conducted a multilevel, longitudinal study among a medically underserved population of African Americans in Texas. We assessed discrimination using the Experiences of Discrimination Scale and segregation using the Location Quotient for Racial Residential Segregation. The outcome examined was “any cancer screening completion” (Pap test, mammography, and/or colorectal cancer screening) at follow-up (3–10 months post-baseline). We tested hypothesized relations using multilevel logistic regression. We also conducted interaction and stratified analyses to explore whether discrimination modified the relation between segregation and screening completion. We found a significant positive relation between discrimination and screening and a non-significant negative relation between segregation and screening. Preliminary evidence suggests that discrimination modifies the relation between segregation and screening. Racism has a nuanced association with cancer screening among African Americans. Perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation should be considered jointly, rather than independently, to better understand their influence on cancer screening behavior.

Factors Influencing Colorectal Cancer Screening in Low-Income African Americans in Tennessee

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kushal Patel ◽  
Margaret Hargreaves ◽  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Donna Kenerson ◽  
Rachel Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Africultural Coping Systems Inventory: Psychometrics in a Clinical Sample of African American Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 457-481
Author(s):  
Natalie N. Watson-Singleton ◽  
Devon LoParo ◽  
Yara Mekawi ◽  
Joya N. Hampton-Anderson ◽  
Nadine J. Kaslow
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
General Factor ◽  
American Women ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Clinical Counseling

The Africultural Coping Systems Inventory (ACSI) assesses African Americans’ culturally relevant stress coping strategies. Although its factor structure, reliability, and validity of the scores have been examined across ethnic groups of African descent, psychometric properties have not been investigated in an African American clinical sample. Thus, it is unclear if the ACSI is useful for research with African Americans with distress. To assess the ACSI’s psychometrics, we used data from 193 low-income African American women who in the past year encountered interpersonal trauma and attempted suicide. We tested four models: one-factor, four-factor, four-factor hierarchical, and bifactor. None of the models were optimal, suggesting possible revisions to ACSI items. Yet the bifactor model provided a better fit than other models with items loading onto a general factor and onto specific factors. Internal consistency of the scores was above the recommended criterion (i.e., .70), and the ACSI general factor was related to depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation (but not alcohol abuse), providing some support for its concurrent validity. Future directions, limitations, and clinical-counseling implications are discussed.

Factors Influencing Prostate Cancer Screening in Low-Income African Americans in Tennessee

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1A) ◽  
pp. 114-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kushal Patel ◽  
Donna Kenerson ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Byron Brown ◽  
Helen Pinkerton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Factors Influencing

Abstract MP58: Racial Residential Segregation is Associated With Worse Cardiovascular Health in African American Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharrelle Barber ◽  
Kiarri Kershaw ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Mario Sims ◽  
Julianne Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Racial Residential Segregation ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Neighborhood Environments ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Racial residential segregation results in increased exposure to adverse neighborhood environments for African Americans; however, the impact of segregation on ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) has not been examined in large, socioeconomically diverse African American samples. Using a novel spatial measure of neighborhood-level racial residential segregation, we examined the association between segregation and ideal CVH in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Hypothesis: Racial residential segregation will be associated with worse cardiovascular health among African American adults. Methods: The sample included 4,354 men and women ages 21-93 from the baseline exam of the JHS (2000-2004). Racial residential segregation was assessed at the census-tract level. Data on racial composition (% African American) from the 2000 US Census was used to calculate the local G i * statistic- a spatially-weighted z-score that represents how much a neighborhood’s racial/ethnic composition deviates from the larger metropolitan area. Ideal CVH was assessed using the AHA Life’s Simple Seven (LS7) index which includes 3 behavioral (nutrition, physical activity, and smoking) and 4 biological (systolic BP, glucose, BMI, and cholesterol) metrics of CVH. Multivariable regression models were used to test associations between segregation and the LS7 index continuously (range: 0-14) and categorically (Inadequate: 0-4; Average: 5-9; and Optimal: 10-14). Covariates included age, sex, income, education, and insurance status. Results: The average LS7 summary score was 7.03 (±2.1) and was lowest in the most racially segregated neighborhood environments (High Segregation: 6.88 ±2.1 vs. Low Segregation: 7.55 ±2.1). The prevalence of inadequate CVH was higher in racially segregated neighborhoods (12.3%) compared to neighborhoods that were the least segregated (6.9%). After adjusting for key socio-demographic characteristics, racial residential segregation was inversely associated with ideal CVH (B=-0.041 ±0.02, p=0.0146). Moreover, a 1-SD unit increase in segregation was associated with a 6% increased odds of having inadequate CVH (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00-1.12, p=0.0461). Conclusion: In conclusion, African Americans in racially segregated neighborhoods are less likely to achieve ideal CVH even after accounting for individual-level factors. Policies aimed at restricting housing segregation/discrimination and/or structural interventions designed to improve neighborhood environments may be viable strategies to improving CVH in this at-risk population.

scholarly journals Racial residential segregation, racial discrimination, and diabetes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 102286
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Mayne ◽  
Luigi Loizzo ◽  
Michael P. Bancks ◽  
Mercedes R. Carnethon ◽  
Sharrelle Barber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Racial Residential Segregation
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