scholarly journals Using Data Integration to Improve Health and Welfare Insights

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Linda R. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Integration Program ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Vulnerable Population Groups

The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) is a leader in the provision of high-quality health and welfare information. Its work program has built a strong evidence base for better decisions that deliver improved health and welfare outcomes. The evolution of the AIHW’s data integration program has exemplified innovation in identifying and addressing key information gaps, as well as responsiveness to opportunities to develop and capture the data required to inform national priorities. The AIHW conducts data integration in partnership with data custodians and specialists in integration and analysis. A linkage project requiring the integration of Australian government data must be undertaken by an accredited integrating authority. The AIHW has met stringent criteria covering project governance, capability, and data management to gain this accreditation. In this capacity, the AIHW is trusted to integrate Australian government data for high-risk research projects. To date, the AIHW’s integration projects have generated improved research outcomes that have identified vulnerable population groups, improved the understanding of health risk factors, and contributed to the development of targeted interventions. These projects have fostered new insights into dementia, disability, health service use, patient experiences of healthcare, and suicide. Upcoming projects aim to further the understanding of interrelationships between determinants of wellbeing.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in the Psychological Sciences

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Shero ◽  
Sara Ann Hart
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Component Skills ◽  
Using Data

Using methods like linear regression or latent variable models, researchers are often interested in maximizing explained variance and identifying the importance of specific variables within their models. These models are useful for understanding general ideas and trends, but often give limited insight into the individuals within said models. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), is a method with roots in organizational management that make such insights possible. Unlike models mentioned above, DEA does not explain variance. Instead, it explains how efficiently an individual utilizes their inputs to produce outputs, and identifies which input is not being utilized optimally. This paper provides readers with a brief history and past usages of DEA from organizational management, public health, and educational administration fields, while also describing the underlying math and processes behind said model. This paper then extends the usage of this method into the psychology field using two separate studies. First, using data from the Project KIDS dataset, DEA is demonstrated using a simple view of reading framework identifying individual efficiency levels in using reading-based skills to achieve reading comprehension, determining which skills are being underutilized, and classifying and comparing new subsets of readers. Three new subsets of readers were identified using this method, with direct implications leading to more targeted interventions. Second, DEA was used to measure individuals’ efficiency in regulating aggressive behavior given specific personality traits or related skills. This study found that despite comparable levels of component skills and personality traits, significant differences were found in efficiency to regulate aggressive behavior on the basis of gender and feelings of provocation.

scholarly journals Factors associated with higher healthcare costs in a cohort of homeless adults with a mental illness and a general cohort of adults with a history of homelessness

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Wiens ◽  
Laura C. Rosella ◽  
Paul Kurdyak ◽  
Simon Chen ◽  
Tim Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Healthcare costs are disproportionately incurred by a relatively small group of people often described as high-cost users. Understanding the factors associated with high-cost use of health services among people experiencing homelessness could help guide service planning. Methods Survey data from a general cohort of adults with a history of homelessness and a cohort of homeless adults with mental illness were linked with administrative healthcare records in Ontario, Canada. Total costs were calculated using a validated costing algorithm and categorized based on population cut points for the top 5%, top 6–10%, top 11–50% and bottom 50% of users in Ontario. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify the predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with higher healthcare costs (with bottom 50% as the reference). Results Sixteen percent of the general homeless cohort and 30% percent of the cohort with a mental illness were in the top 5% of healthcare users in Ontario. Most healthcare costs for the top 5% of users were attributed to emergency department and inpatient service costs, while the costs from other strata were mostly for physician services, hospital outpatient clinics, and medications. The odds of being within the top 5% of users were higher for people who reported female gender, a regular medical doctor, past year acute service use, poor perceived general health and two or more diagnosed chronic conditions, and were lower for Black participants and other racialized groups. Older age was not consistently associated with higher cost use; the odds of being in the top 5% were highest for 35-to-49-year year age group in the cohort with a mental illness and similar for the 35–49 and ≥ 50-year age groups in the general homeless cohort. Conclusions This study combines survey and administrative data from two cohorts of homeless adults to describe the distribution of healthcare costs and identify factors associated with higher cost use. These findings can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve healthcare delivery and support for people experiencing homelessness.

Advanced Geosteering using Data Integration on XRF/XRD, Gas Analysis and LWD data to Optimize Well Placement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dashti ◽  
B. Al-Ajmi ◽  
H. Sabri ◽  
B. Al-Adsani ◽  
H. Farwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Well Placement ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KOMPLEKS CANDI GUNUNG KAWI

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
A.A Gde Bagus ◽  
Hedwi Prihatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Preservation Value

Gunung Kawi Temple is one of the most monumental archaeological remains in Bali originating from the 10th to 11th century. This study aims to determine the values of local wisdom of ancient Balinese society related to the construction and presence of Gunung Kawi Temple. Data were collected through literature study and observation. Analysis was conducted through qualitative approach using data integration and explanation based on theory. Explanation is presented in narrative text. The results of this study indicate that the construction using the concept of cliff temple is an adaptation in addressing the limitations of geography and material resources. This adaptation is a form of ancient Balinese society local wisdom. This local wisdom is also reflected on the environmental preservation value which is related to the function of Gunung Kawi Temple as a religious sacred building. Keywords: gunung kawi, cliff temple, local wisdom, adaptation, enviromental preservation. Kompleks Candi Gunung Kawi merupakan salah satu tinggalan arkeologi paling monumental di Bali yang berasal dari abad ke-10 sampai 11 Masehi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilainilai kearifan lokal masyarakat Bali Kuno yang terkait dengan pembangunan dan keberadaan Kompleks Candi Gunung Kawi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan observasi. Analisis dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengintegrasian data dan memaparkan simpulan-simpulan berdasarkan teori. Pembahasan kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk teks naratif. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan dengan konsep candi tebing merupakan bentuk adaptasi dalam menyikapi keterbatasan geografi dan sumber bahan baku. Adaptasi tersebut merupakan salah satu wujud kearifan lokal masyarakat Bali Kuno. Kearifan lokal tercermin juga dari nilai pelestarian lingkungan yang terkait dengan fungsi Kompleks Candi Gunung Kawi sebagai bangunan suci keagamaan. 

Data Integration Using Data Mining and SMS Reminder for Automation of Blood Donation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guhdar Youcif Izadeen ◽  
Adnan Mohsin Abdulazeez ◽  
Diyar Qader Zeebaree ◽  
Dathar Abas Hasan ◽  
Falah Y. H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Sms Reminder ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals Interventions to Reduce Antibiotic Prescribing in LMICs: A Scoping Review of Evidence from Human and Animal Health Systems

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Wilkinson ◽  
Ayako Ebata ◽  
Hayley MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Healthcare Settings

This review identifies evidence on supply-side interventions to change the practices of antibiotic prescribers and gatekeepers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A total of 102 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 70 studies evaluated interventions and 32 provided insight into prescribing contexts. All intervention studies were from human healthcare settings, none were from animal health. Only one context study examined antibiotic use in animal health. The evidence base is uneven, with the strongest evidence on knowledge and stewardship interventions. The review found that multiplex interventions that combine different strategies to influence behaviour tend to have a higher success rate than interventions based on single strategies. Evidence on prescribing contexts highlights interacting influences including health system quality, education, perceptions of patient demand, bureaucratic processes, profit, competition, and cultures of care. Most interventions took place within one health setting. Very few studies targeted interventions across different kinds of providers and settings. Interventions in hospitals were the most commonly evaluated. There is much less evidence on private and informal private providers who play a major role in drug distribution in LMICs. There were no interventions involving drug detailers or the pharmaceutical companies despite their prominent role in the contextual studies.

scholarly journals Making Sense of the Epigenome Using Data Integration Approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Cazaly ◽  
Joseph Saad ◽  
Wenyu Wang ◽  
Caroline Heckman ◽  
Miina Ollikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Using Data
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