scholarly journals Effect of Trichoderma velutinum and Rhizoctonia solani on the Metabolome of Bean Plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mayo-Prieto ◽  
Roberta Marra ◽  
Francesco Vinale ◽  
Álvaro Rodríguez-González ◽  
Sheridan Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important food legume crops worldwide that is affected by phytopathogenic fungi such as Rhizoctonia solani. Biological control represents an effective alternative method for the use of conventional synthetic chemical pesticides for crop protection. Trichoderma spp. have been successfully used in agriculture both to control fungal diseases and to promote plant growth. The response of the plant to the invasion of fungi activates defensive resistance responses by inducing the expression of genes and producing secondary metabolites. The purpose of this work was to analyze the changes in the bean metabolome that occur during its interaction with pathogenic (R. solani) and antagonistic (T. velutinum) fungi. In this work, 216 compounds were characterized by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis but only 36 were noted as significantly different in the interaction in comparison to control plants and they were tentatively characterized. These compounds were classified as: two amino acids, three peptides, one carbohydrate, one glycoside, one fatty acid, two lipids, 17 flavonoids, four phenols and four terpenes. This work is the first attempt to determine how the presence of T. velutinum and/or R. solani affect the defense response of bean plants using untargeted metabolomics analysis.

scholarly journals Influence of Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma spp. in growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and in the induction of plant defense-related genes

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mayo ◽  
Santiago Gutiérrez ◽  
Monica G. Malmierca ◽  
Alicia Lorenzana ◽  
M. Piedad Campelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

scholarly journals Interacción entre genotipos de frijol y aislamiento de Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. heredabilidad de la resistencia a la mustia hilachosa Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) (Donk) en cuItivares y poblaciones F, y F2 de frijol común Phaseolus vulgaris L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Emigdio Rodríguez ◽  
Adolfo Garda ◽  
Gustavo Frías ◽  
Steve Beebe
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Thanatephorus Cucumeris ◽  
Vertical Resistance ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Genetic Pools ◽  
Web Blight

Meso-american and Andean eommon bean genotypes were inoeulated with mycellium of Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank), Donk to determine: 1- The interaction among different isolations of Rhizoclonia solani, Kuhn and bean genotypes from two genetic pools, 2- the heritability of resistance to web-blight and 3- the existing genic completion between the meso-american and Andean pools, respeetively. The results found in this experiment were as follows : the strains vary depending of the origin site. Thus, the Dominican Republic and Colombian strains cause a lesser damage to the bean plants. The Panama # 1 isolation is moderately slow, and the Panama # 2 and Costa Rica caused the largest damage to the crop. The RS- 32-Cr strain was the most virulent of all. The heritabiJity shown by crossing was high which indieates that there is genic completion between the meso-ameriean and the Andean pools, respectively. The erossing of of AFR-251 x BAT-1155, in a direct and reciprocal way, showed differences in the F1 and the F2, indicating that the resistance to the disease is controlled by cytoplasmie genes as by nuclear genes. The type of resistance shown by the different evaluated crosses was horizontal and not vertical resistance.

scholarly journals Controle de Rhizoctonia solani e Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. phaseoli por biopreparados de isolados de Trichoderma spp.

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Paulo Dias ◽  
Ricardo Luis Louro Berbara ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Araújo Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L

Os experimentos objetivaram avaliar em condições de casa de vegetação o biocontrole dos fitopatógenos Rhizoctonia solani (RS) e Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. phaseoli (FOP) em alface (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivar Regina, e feijão-vagem (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar Alessa, respectivamente, utilizando como agentes antagonistas, 10 isolados de Trichoderma spp. selecionados em testes in vitro. Foram feitos biopreparados à base de arroz previamente colonizado por isolados de Trichoderma spp. e posteriormente triturados. Para a realização dos testes, os biopreparados foram inoculados previamente na proporção de 10(9) conídios.mL-1, em substrato comercial para produção de mudas. Após sete dias, os patógenos foram introduzidos separadamente em duas concentrações distintas: R. solani na proporção de 144 mg de meio de arroz por kg de substrato e F. oxysporum f.sp. phaseoli inoculado na forma de suspensão contendo 4,75 x 10(6) conídios.mL-1. Avaliou-se a influência dos biopreparados na % de damping-off de pós-emergência em plantas de alface e a severidade de murcha em plantas de feijão-vagem. O biopreparado referente ao isolado T-03 foi o mais eficiente no controle de R. solani em plantas de alface cultivar Regina, por ter reduzido a incidência de damping-off de pós-emergência nessa cultura. Por outro lado, nenhum dos biopreparados apresentou efeito antagonista satisfatório à F. oxysporum f.sp. phaseoli em plantas de feijão-vagem.

Response of bean to applications of hydrophobic mineral particles

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Tworkoski ◽  
D. Michael Glenn ◽  
Gary J. Puterka
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
And Control

Foliar applications of hydrophobic mineral particles can protect plants from some insects, but plant response to particle applications is not known. Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were grown for 8 wk in a greenhouse and the shoots were sprayed weekly with small-diameter hydrophobic mineral particles. Photosynthesis was similar in particle-treated and control bean plants over a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) range from 0 to 1548 µmol m–2 s–1. The shoot-to-root dry weight ratio was 56% greater and pod weight was 20% lower in particle-treated plants than control plants, suggesting that particle films may alter dry weight partitioning of plants. In bean, particle residues of 2.71 mg cm–2 leaf area altered plant development without affecting photosynthesis. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, crop protection, photosynthesis, dry weight distribution, kaolin

scholarly journals Soil Application of Effective Microorganisms (EM) Maintains Leaf Photosynthetic Efficiency, Increases Seed Yield and Quality Traits of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plants Grown on Different Substrates

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Iriti ◽  
Alessio Scarafoni ◽  
Simon Pierce ◽  
Giulia Castorina ◽  
Sara Vitalini
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Bean Plants

EM (effective microorganisms) is a biofertilizer consisting of a mixed culture of potentially beneficial microorganisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of EM treatment on leaf in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence of photosystem II (PSII), yield, and macronutrient content of bean plants grown on different substrates (nutrient rich substrate vs. nutrient poor sandy soil) in controlled environmental conditions (pot experiment in greenhouse). EM-treated plants maintained optimum leaf photosynthetic efficiency two weeks longer than the control plants, and increased yield independent of substrate. The levels of seed nutritionally-relevant molecules (proteins, lipids, and starch) were only slightly modified, apart from the protein content, which increased in plants grown in sandy soil. Although EM can be considered a promising and environmentally friendly technology for sustainable agriculture, more studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism(s) of action of EM, as well as its efficacy under open field conditions.

scholarly journals Investigations on the pathogenicity of Helminthosporium sorokinianum Sacc. in relation to Phaseolus vulgaris L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-293
Author(s):  
Barbara Łacicowa ◽  
Zofia Machowicz
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Root System ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Before And After

The results obtained in pot and field experiments have shown that <i>Helminthosporium sorokinianum</i> is able to infect bean plants. The cotyledons and roots of shoots during the first three weeks of growth are attacked the most frequently. Dark brown spots occur on the above-mentined organs. The infection of roots and cotyledonsof shoots is responsible for gangrene both before and after germination. Infected plants which remain alive only show symptoms of infection in the root system. The infection of roots by <i>H. sorokinianum</i> in older plants is detromental to growth and causes a decrease in the vield obtained from bean plants.

Studies on phytocides. I. Diurnal variation in effectiveness of 'methoxone'

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
CG Greenham
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Spray Applications ◽  
Chondrilla Juncea

As determined by the length for which roots were killed, there was no diurnal variation in the effectiveness on skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea L.) of spray applications of 'Methoxone' at two-hourly intervals over a period of 24 hours. As determined by reduction in growth above the primary leaves, there was a well-marked diurnal variation in the effectiveness on bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of drop applications of 'Methoxone.'

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