scholarly journals Glucose Metabolism in Osteoblasts in Healthy and Pathophysiological Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4120
Author(s):  
Antonia Donat ◽  
Paul-Richard Knapstein ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Anke Baranowsky ◽  
Tobias-Malte Ballhause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Complex Processes

Bone tissue in vertebrates is essential to performing movements, to protecting internal organs and to regulating calcium homeostasis. Moreover, bone has also been suggested to contribute to whole-body physiology as an endocrine organ, affecting male fertility; brain development and cognition; and glucose metabolism. A main determinant of bone quality is the constant remodeling carried out by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, a process consuming vast amounts of energy. In turn, clinical conditions associated with impaired glucose metabolism, including type I and type II diabetes and anorexia nervosa, are associated with impaired bone turnover. As osteoblasts are required for collagen synthesis and matrix mineralization, they represent one of the most important targets for pharmacological augmentation of bone mass. To fulfill their function, osteoblasts primarily utilize glucose through aerobic glycolysis, a process which is regulated by various molecular switches and generates adenosine triphosphate rapidly. In this regard, researchers have been investigating the complex processes of energy utilization in osteoblasts in recent years, not only to improve bone turnover in metabolic disease, but also to identify novel treatment options for primary bone diseases. This review focuses on the metabolism of glucose in osteoblasts in physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

scholarly journals Suppressed Bone Turnover in Obesity: A Link to Energy Metabolism? A Case-Control Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 2155-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Viljakainen ◽  
Kaisa K. Ivaska ◽  
Päivi Paldánius ◽  
Marita Lipsanen-Nyman ◽  
Tero Saukkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Type I ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Subjects

Context: Observations in rodents suggest that osteocalcin (OC) participates in glucose metabolism. Based on human studies, it remains unclear whether circulating OC is simply a bone turnover marker (BTM) or also a mediator in interactions between the skeleton and glucose homeostasis. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the responses of BTMs, including OC, to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a case-control setting. Design and Patients: Thirty-four normoglycemic young adults [mean age 19 y (SD 2.3)] with severe childhood-onset obesity and their gender- and age-matched nonobese controls underwent a standard 2-hour OGTT. Main Outcome Measures: Glucose, insulin, and six BTMs including total and carboxylated OC (cOC) were determined at baseline and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes during OGTT. Results: The obese and control subjects were similar in height; the mean body mass indices were 40.4 and 21.9 kg/m2, respectively. The homeostasis model assessment index was 2.7 times greater in the obese subjects. All BTMs, except bone-specific alkaline phophatase, were lower in the obese subjects compared with the controls: the differences at baseline were 40%, 35%, 17%, 31%, and 32% for N-terminal propeptides of type I collagen, cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, total OC, and carboxylated OC (P < .05 for all) after adjusting for whole-body bone area. All BTMs decreased during OGTT. The relative values for the OGTT responses for total, but not for cOC (measured as area under the curve) differed between the two groups (P = .029 and P = .139, respectively): the decrease in total OC during the OGTT was less pronounced in the obese subjects. Responses in other BTMs were similar between the groups. No associations were observed between glucose metabolism and OCs during OGTT with linear regression. Conclusions: Bone turnover markers were substantially lower in obese subjects compared with controls. Total OC and cOC showed less pronounced decrease during the OGTT in obese subjects compared with controls, whereas other BTMs responded similarly in the two groups. The role of OC, if anything, in glucose homeostasis is indirect and may be mediated via other factors than glucose or insulin.

scholarly journals Effects of different vibration frequencies on muscle strength, bone turnover and walking endurance in chronic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhui Yang ◽  
Tiev Miller ◽  
Zou Xiang ◽  
Marco Y. C. Pang
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Walking Endurance

AbstractThis randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of different whole body vibration (WBV) frequencies on concentric and eccentric leg muscle strength, bone turnover and walking endurance after stroke. The study involved eighty-four individuals with chronic stroke (mean age = 59.7 years, SD = 6.5) with mild to moderate motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Assessment lower limb motor score: mean = 24.0, SD = 3.5) randomly assigned to either a 20 Hz or 30 Hz WBV intervention program. Both programs involved 3 training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Isokinetic knee concentric and eccentric extension strength, serum level of cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx), and walking endurance (6-min walk test; 6MWT) were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. An intention-to-treat analysis revealed a significant time effect for all muscle strength outcomes and NTx, but not for 6MWT. The time-by-group interaction was only significant for the paretic eccentric knee extensor work, with a medium effect size (0.44; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.87). Both WBV protocols were effective in improving leg muscle strength and reducing bone resorption. Comparatively greater improvement in paretic eccentric leg strength was observed for the 30 Hz protocol.

scholarly journals Associations of Circulating Osteoglycin With Bone Parameters and Metabolic Markers in Patients With Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Kau Starup-Linde ◽  
Rikke Viggers ◽  
Bente Langdahl ◽  
Soeren Gregersen ◽  
Simon Lykkeboe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Turnover Markers

ObjectiveCirculating osteoglycin may facilitate the crosstalk between bone and pancreas to empower adaptation of bone mass to whole body energy balance. We aimed to examine whether osteoglycin is associated with bone and metabolic parameters and if osteoglycin levels differ between patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D).Design and methodsA cross-sectional study of 190 patients with diabetes mellitus and stable hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (97 T1D and 93 T2D) was conducted. S-osteoglycin was analyzed by ELISA. Unpaired t-tests were performed to test differences between patients with T1D and T2D and linear regression analyses were performed to investigate associations between osteoglycin, glycemic markers, bone turnover markers and characteristics.ResultsS-osteoglycin did not differ between patients with T1D and T2D (p=0.10). No associations were present between osteoglycin and age, gender, microvascular complications, HbA1c, or plasma glucose in T1D or T2D patients (p>0.05 for all). S-osteoglycin was not associated with levels of bone turnover markers (C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type-I collagen (CTX), P-procollagen type 1 amino terminal propeptide (P1NP), P-osteocalcin (OC), P-sclerostin, S-osteoprotegerin (OPG) or S-Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor Kappa beta Ligand (RANKL)) in neither T1D or T2D patients (p>0.05 for all).ConclusionOsteoglycin levels were similar in T1D and T2D patients. Osteoglycin did not correlate with glucose, HbA1c or any other biochemical marker of bone turnover. Thus, we did not find evidence supporting the existence of an osteoglycin-bone-pancreas axis.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01870557.

Increased bone turnover is associated with protein and energy metabolism in adolescents with sickle cell anemia

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (3) ◽  
pp. E518-E527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej S. Buchowski ◽  
F. Alexander de la Fuente ◽  
Paul J. Flakoll ◽  
Kong Y. Chen ◽  
Ernest A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Body Protein

Contribution of bone turnover to the hypercatabolic state observed in sickle cell anemia is unknown. We examined the association between markers of bone turnover and basal rates of whole body protein turnover and energy expenditure in 28 adolescents with homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and in 26 matched controls with normal phenotype (HbAA). Whole body protein breakdown and synthesis were measured using a stable isotope of [15N]glycine, resting energy expenditure was measured by whole room indirect calorimetry, and the rate of pyridinoline cross-link (PYD) excretion in urine and fasting serum levels of the type I procollagen carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP) were measured with commercial kits. Urinary PYD and serum PICP were significantly elevated in HbSS patients. The increase in procollagen synthesis, indicated by high levels of PICP, was significantly correlated with increased whole body protein synthesis. The increase in type I collagen degradation, indicated by high PYD excretion, was significantly correlated with increased protein breakdown. We conclude that increased rates of bone turnover contribute to the increased rates of protein turnover and energy expenditure observed in adolescents with homozygous sickle cell anemia.

Bone Turnover Markers and Lean Mass in Pubescent Boys: Comparison Between Elite Soccer Players and Controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Nebigh ◽  
Mohamed Elfethi Abed ◽  
Rihab Borji ◽  
Sonia Sahli ◽  
Slaheddine Sellami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Turnover Markers

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between bone mass and bone turnover markers with lean mass (LM) in pubescent soccer players. Two groups participated in this study, which included 65 elite young soccer players who trained for 6–8 hours per week and 60 controls. Bone mineral density; bone mineral content in the whole body, lower limbs, lumbar spine, and femoral neck; biochemical markers of osteocalcin; bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; C-telopeptide type I collagen; and total LM were assessed. Young soccer players showed higher bone mineral density and bone mineral content in the whole body and weight-bearing sites (P < .001). Indeed, the total LM correlated with whole-body bone mineral density and bone mineral content (P < .001). There were significant differences within the bone formation markers and osteocalcin (formation)/C-telopeptide type I collagen (resorption) ratio between young soccer players compared with the control group, but no significant difference in C-telopeptide type I collagen was observed between the 2 groups. This study showed a significant positive correlation among bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and total LM (r = .29; r = .31; P < .05) only for the young soccer players. Findings of this study highlight the importance of soccer practice for bone mineral parameters and bone turnover markers during the puberty stage.

1096: Whole Body Optical Imaging of Skeletal Metastases: Pathogenic Relationship with Bone Turnover and Therapeutic Rationale

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
Gabri van der Pluijm ◽  
Antoinette Wetterwald ◽  
George N. Thalmann ◽  
Guus Lycklama A. Nijeholt ◽  
Rob Pelger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Skeletal Metastases

Thermoneutral housing does not influence fat mass or glucose homeostasis in C57BL/6 mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewin Small ◽  
Henry Gong ◽  
Christian Yassmin ◽  
Gregory J Cooney ◽  
Amanda E Brandon
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Housing Temperature ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Obesogenic Diet

One major factor affecting physiology often overlooked when comparing data from animal models and humans is the effect of ambient temperature. The majority of rodent housing is maintained at ~22°C, the thermoneutral temperature for lightly clothed humans. However, mice have a much higher thermoneutral temperature of ~30°C, consequently data collected at 22°C in mice could be influenced by animals being exposed to a chronic cold stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of housing temperature on glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism of mice fed normal chow or a high-fat, obesogenic diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6J(Arc) mice were housed at standard temperature (22°C) or at thermoneutrality (29°C) and fed either chow or a 60% HFD for 13 weeks. The HFD increased fat mass and produced glucose intolerance as expected but this was not exacerbated in mice housed at thermoneutrality. Changing the ambient temperature, however, did alter energy expenditure, food intake, lipid content and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle, liver and brown adipose tissue. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that mice regulate energy balance at different housing temperatures to maintain whole-body glucose tolerance and adiposity irrespective of the diet. Despite this, metabolic differences in individual tissues were apparent. In conclusion, dietary intervention in mice has a greater impact on adiposity and glucose metabolism than housing temperature although temperature is still a significant factor in regulating metabolic parameters in individual tissues.

280-LB: Role of A1 and A3 Adenosine Receptors in Whole Body Glucose Metabolism

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 280-LB ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANU JAIN ◽  
DILIP K. TOSH ◽  
MARC REITMAN ◽  
KENNETH A. JACOBSON
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Adenosine Receptors ◽  
Whole Body

Collagen-the Ultrastructural Element of the Bone Matrix

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1706-1709
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Dumitru ◽  
Andra Cocolos ◽  
Andra Caragheorgheopol ◽  
Constantin Dumitrache ◽  
Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
And Function

There is an increased interest and more studies highlight the fact that bone strength depends not only on bone tissue quantity, but also on its quality, which is characterized by the geometry and shape of bones, trabecular bone microarchitecture, mineral content, organic matrix and bone turnover. Fibrillar type I collagen is the major organic component of bone matrix, providing form and a stable template for mineralization. The biomedical importance of collagen as a biomaterial for medical and cosmetic purposes and the improvement of the molecular, cellular biology and analytical technologies, led to increasing interest in establishing the structure of this protein and in setting of the relationships between sequence, structure, and function. Bone collagen crosslinking chemistry and its molecular packing structure are considered to be distinct features. This unique post-translational modifications provide to the fibrillar collagen matrices properties such as tensile strength and viscoelasticity. Understanding the complex structure of bone type I collagen as well as the dynamic nature of bone tissues will help to manage new therapeutic approaches to bone diseases.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density and explanatory factors in children and adults with juvenile dermatomyositis at long term follow-up; a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette Schermacher Marstein ◽  
Kristin Godang ◽  
Berit Flatø ◽  
Ivar Sjaastad ◽  
Jens Bollerslev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Juvenile Dermatomyositis ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathy ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Z Scores

Abstract Background Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy in children and adolescents. Both the disease and its treatment with glucocorticoids may negatively impact bone formation. In this study we compare BMD in patients (children/adolescence and adults) with long-standing JDM with matched controls; and in patients, explore how general/disease characteristics and bone turnover markers are associated with BMD. Methods JDM patients (n = 59) were examined median 16.8y (range 6.6–27.0y) after disease onset and compared with 59 age/sex-matched controls. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure BMD of the whole body and lumbar spine (spine) in all participants, and of ultra-distal radius, forearm and total hip in participants ≥20y only. Markers of bone turnover were analysed, and associations with outcomes explored. Results Reduced BMD Z-scores (<−1SD) were found in 19 and 29% of patients and 7 and 9% of controls in whole body and spine, respectively (p-values < 0.05). BMD and BMD Z-scores for whole body and spine were lower in all patients and for < 20y compared with their respective controls. In participants ≥20y, only BMD and BMD Z-score of forearm were lower in the patients versus controls. In patients, BMD Z-scores for whole body and/or spine were found to correlate negatively with prednisolone use at follow-up (yes/no) (age < 20y), inflammatory markers (age ≥ 20y) and levels of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) (both age groups). In all patients, prednisolone use at follow-up (yes/no) and age ≥ 20y were independent correlates of lower BMD Z-scores for whole body and spine, respectively. Conclusion In long-term JDM, children have more impairment of BMD than adults in spine and whole-body. Associations with BMD were found for both prednisolone and inflammatory markers, and a novel association was discovered with the biomarker of JDM activity, IP-10.

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