Overdominance at the Gene Expression Level Plays a Critical Role in the Hybrid Root Growth of Brassica napus

Despite heterosis contributing to genetic improvements in crops, root growth heterosis in rapeseed plants is poorly understood at the molecular level. The current study was performed to discover key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to heterosis in two hybrids with contrasting root growth performance (FO; high hybrid and FV; low hybrid) based on analysis of the root heterosis effect. Based on comparative transcriptomic analysis, we believe that the overdominance at the gene expression level plays a critical role in hybrid roots’ early biomass heterosis. Our findings imply that a considerable increase in up-regulation of gene expression underpins heterosis. In the FO hybrid, high expression of DEGs overdominant in the starch/sucrose and galactose metabolic pathways revealed a link between hybrid vigor and root growth. DEGs linked to auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroids, ethylene, and abscisic acid were also specified, showing that these hormones may enhance mechanisms of root growth and the development in the FO hybrid. Moreover, transcription factors such as MYB, ERF, bHLH, NAC, bZIP, and WRKY are thought to control downstream genes involved in root growth. Overall, this is the first study to provide a better understanding related to the regulation of the molecular mechanism of heterosis, which assists in rapeseed growth and yield improvement.

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Independent regulation of gene expression level and noise by histone modifications

PLoS Computational Biology ◽

10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005585 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. e1005585 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Shaohuan Wu ◽

Ke Li ◽

Yingshu Li ◽

Tong Zhao ◽

Ting Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Histone Modifications ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Gene Expression Level ◽

Expression Level

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Immunomodulatory Effect of Curcumin in the Upregulation of Inflammasome Pathway Genes Induced by Sulfur Mustard Analog: An In-vitro Study

Iranian Journal of Allergy Asthma and Immunology ◽

10.18502/ijaai.v20i2.6050 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Baharak Chehardoli ◽

Mona Nadi ◽

Ali Khamis Abadi ◽

Azam Kia ◽

Alireza Shahriary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cell Injury ◽

Sulfur Mustard ◽

Critical Role ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Gene Expression Level ◽

Expression Level ◽

Epithelial Cell Line ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Lethal Doses

Sulfur Mustard (SM) induces cell injury via exerting oxidative stress, protease-anti protease imbalance, and inflammation. Inflammasome as one part of innate immunity has a critical role in the recognition of cell injuries and the initiation of the inflammation process by releasing IL-1β. Hence, the present study investigated the effects of the sub-lethal doses of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) as SM analog on the gene expression level of inflammasome-related genes as well as the potential protective effects of curcumin on this process. The effects of sub-lethal doses (500, 1000, and 2500 mM) of CEES on pulmonary epithelial cell line (A549) were determined at various time points (12, 24, and 48 h). Following the treatment of cells with CEES, the kinetic alterations of the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chainenhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB1), NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), Caspase-1 (Casp1), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) genes were analyzed; using real-time PCR. In addition, the concurrent protective effects of different doses of curcumin (20, 40, 80, and 160 mM) on modulating the effects of CEES were studied. Although it was found that the lowest sub-lethal dose of CEES (500 mM) was able to upregulate the inflammasome-related genes, the maximum alterations occurred 48 h after the treatment with the higher sub-lethal dose (2500 mM) of CEES. The maximum alteration occurred in Casp1 (38 fold), IL-1β (19 fold), and NLRP1 (~4 fold) genes (p<0.0001). However, the NF-ĸB gene expression level did not alter following CEES exposure. Even though low doses of curcumin (20, 40, and 80 mM) were able to down-regulate the studied genes, it was found that the treatment of cells with 160 mM of curcumin for 48 h was able to normalize the expression level of all genes. The present study concludes that curcumin as an anti-inflammatory agent may have beneficial immunomodulatory effects following CEES exposure.

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