scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effect of Curcumin in the Upregulation of Inflammasome Pathway Genes Induced by Sulfur Mustard Analog: An In-vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baharak Chehardoli ◽  
Mona Nadi ◽  
Ali Khamis Abadi ◽  
Azam Kia ◽  
Alireza Shahriary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lethal Doses

Sulfur Mustard (SM) induces cell injury via exerting oxidative stress, protease-anti protease imbalance, and inflammation. Inflammasome as one part of innate immunity has a critical role in the recognition of cell injuries and the initiation of the inflammation process by releasing IL-1β. Hence, the present study investigated the effects of the sub-lethal doses of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) as SM analog on the gene expression level of inflammasome-related genes as well as the potential protective effects of curcumin on this process. The effects of sub-lethal doses (500, 1000, and 2500 mM) of CEES on pulmonary epithelial cell line (A549) were determined at various time points (12, 24, and 48 h). Following the treatment of cells with CEES, the kinetic alterations of the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chainenhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB1), NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), Caspase-1 (Casp1), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) genes were analyzed; using real-time PCR. In addition, the concurrent protective effects of different doses of curcumin (20, 40, 80, and 160 mM) on modulating the effects of CEES were studied. Although it was found that the lowest sub-lethal dose of CEES (500 mM) was able to upregulate the inflammasome-related genes, the maximum alterations occurred 48 h after the treatment with the higher sub-lethal dose (2500 mM) of CEES. The maximum alteration occurred in Casp1 (38 fold), IL-1β (19 fold), and NLRP1 (~4 fold) genes (p<0.0001). However, the NF-ĸB gene expression level did not alter following CEES exposure. Even though low doses of curcumin (20, 40, and 80 mM) were able to down-regulate the studied genes, it was found that the treatment of cells with 160 mM of curcumin for 48 h was able to normalize the expression level of all genes. The present study concludes that curcumin as an anti-inflammatory agent may have beneficial immunomodulatory effects following CEES exposure.

scholarly journals Overdominance at the Gene Expression Level Plays a Critical Role in the Hybrid Root Growth of Brassica napus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9246
Author(s):  
Nesma Shalby ◽  
Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed ◽  
Jie Xiong ◽  
Kaining Hu ◽  
Yebitao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Heterosis Effect ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis

Despite heterosis contributing to genetic improvements in crops, root growth heterosis in rapeseed plants is poorly understood at the molecular level. The current study was performed to discover key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to heterosis in two hybrids with contrasting root growth performance (FO; high hybrid and FV; low hybrid) based on analysis of the root heterosis effect. Based on comparative transcriptomic analysis, we believe that the overdominance at the gene expression level plays a critical role in hybrid roots’ early biomass heterosis. Our findings imply that a considerable increase in up-regulation of gene expression underpins heterosis. In the FO hybrid, high expression of DEGs overdominant in the starch/sucrose and galactose metabolic pathways revealed a link between hybrid vigor and root growth. DEGs linked to auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroids, ethylene, and abscisic acid were also specified, showing that these hormones may enhance mechanisms of root growth and the development in the FO hybrid. Moreover, transcription factors such as MYB, ERF, bHLH, NAC, bZIP, and WRKY are thought to control downstream genes involved in root growth. Overall, this is the first study to provide a better understanding related to the regulation of the molecular mechanism of heterosis, which assists in rapeseed growth and yield improvement.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of the Viola Spathulata Extract on NCX3 Gene Expression in an Animal Model of Cerebral Ischemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Abedinzadeh ◽  
◽  
Ekram Mohammadi ◽  
Mojtaba Hedayati ◽  
Iraj Nikokar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sodium Calcium Exchanger ◽  
The Core ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Introduction: Viola plant has been used traditionally for the treatment of neurological disorders. We aimed at determining whether pretreatment with Viola spathulata extract can alleviate the severity of ischemic-reperfusion damages and it can exert its protective effects through the regulation of a sodium/calcium exchanger (NCX3) gene expression in a rat brain. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two main groups, including one main group for evaluating neurologic deficit score (NDS) and infarct volume (IV) and the other group for the evaluation of NCX3 gene expression in the brain tissue, which were subdivided to the intact, control (vehicle), sham, V5, and V10 subgroups. The vehicle (control) sub-group received DMSO and V5 and V10 sub-group received V.spathulata extract at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively for 7 days (i.p.). After pretreatment, a 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was carried out. Results: in the V5 and V10 groups, NDS and IV significantly decreased. MCAO up-regulated NCX3 gene expression in the core, penumbra, and subcortex regions compared with the intact subgroup. The V5 subgroup significantly down-regulated the NCX3 gene expression level in the core compared with the control subgroup. The V10 subgroup showed down-regulation of the NCX3 gene expression level in core, penumbra, and subcortex compared with the control subgroup. Conclusion: V.spathulata extract seems to have a neuroprotective role against MCAO- induced ischemic brain damage, possibly through preventing the alteration of NCX3 gene expression level.

The investigation of CD36 scavenger receptor and MSR1 scavenger receptor gene expression level in patients with atherosclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S66
Author(s):  
M. Piechota ◽  
A. Banaszewska ◽  
E. Guzniczak ◽  
G. Rosinski ◽  
T. Siminiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Receptor Gene Expression

The impact of gene-body H3K36me3 patterns on gene expression level changes in chronic myelogenous leukemia

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 145862
Author(s):  
Lu-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jun-Jie Liu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Guo-Liang Fan ◽  
Yan-Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Gene Body ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Elevated Lipocalin-2 Can Indicate the Vascular Inflammation in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajnics P ◽  
◽  
Kellner A ◽  
Nagy F ◽  
Alföldi V ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Relative Gene ◽  
Relative Gene Expression Level

Purpose: Elevated level of Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a new acute phase adipokine, was described after ischemic stroke. A number of researchers feel as though that LCN2 originated from the infiltrating neutrophils and other cells in brain after stroke. Others measured elevated LCN2 expression in arteriosclerotic plaque. Therefore we have investigated LCN2 relative gene expression level of blood neutrophil granulocytes in patients with ischemic stroke to assess if elevated LCN2 is the cause or consequence of ischemic stroke. Methods: Laboratory and anamnestic data were collected, which could have a role in development of thrombo-embolic events in patients with ischemic stroke. RNA based method was used to evaluate the relative gene expression level of LCN2. We calculated Odds Ratio (OR) and Confidence Interval (CI) for the association between LCN2 and ischemic stroke. Results: 34 samples were available for evaluation. The LCN 2 relative gene expression level was decreased in 12 cases. In this group, 91% of patients have Atrial Fibrillation (AF) at the time of hospitalisation. The mean LCN2 relative gene expression value was 64.25% (ranges: 34%-115%) in patients with AF. It was significantly lower than in patients with normal sinus rhythm (409.2%; ranges: 127%-1127%; p=0.0003). The elevated LCN2 relative gene expression level significantly (p=0.012) increases the risk of stroke (OR: 12.6) independently from other factors. Conclusions: High LCN2 expression level seems to have strong positive predictive value on ischemic stroke, and may be useful in thrombotic risk stratification of plaque vulnerability in these patients.

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