Vitreoretinal Surgery in the Prevention and Treatment of Toxic Tumour Syndrome in Uveal Melanoma: A Systematic Review

Toxic tumour syndrome (TTS) is a particularly aggressive form of secondary vasculopathy occurring after radiation therapy of uveal melanoma due to the persistence of the necrotic tumour mass inside the eye. The development of TTS confers a particularly unfavourable functional and anatomical ocular prognosis, ultimately requiring enucleation in most cases if untreated. Vitreoretinal (VR) surgery has been successfully applied for treatment and prevention of TTS using both resecting and non-resecting techniques. In this systematic review, we aim to define characteristics of uveal melanomas benefiting the most from secondary VR surgery and to outline the optimal type and timing of VR intervention in such cases. Analysis of the literature reveals that endoresection should be performed within 3 months after radiotherapy to tumours thicker than 7 mm and with a largest basal diameter between 8 mm and 15 mm with post-equatorial location, especially after proton beam treatment. Alternatively, endodrainage remains a valid therapeutic option in eyes with macula-off retinal detachment, tumour diameter larger than 15 mm or ciliary body involvement. VR surgery can be successful in the management of TTS following radiotherapy for uveal melanoma when timing and indication are appropriately evaluated.

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Ischemia Is Related to Tumour Genetics in Uveal Melanoma

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11071004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Niels J. Brouwer ◽

Annemijn P. A. Wierenga ◽

Gülçin Gezgin ◽

Marina Marinkovic ◽

Gregorius P. M. Luyten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uveal Melanoma ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

Tumour Size ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Von Hippel Lindau ◽

The Status ◽

Using Data ◽

Tumour Genetics

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1a) and its regulator von Hippel–Lindau protein (VHL) play an important role in tumour ischemia. Currently, drugs that target HIF1a are being developed to treat malignancies. Although HIF1a is known to be expressed in uveal melanoma (UM), it is as yet unknown which factors, such as tumour size or genetics, determine its expression. Therefore, we aimed to determine which tumour characteristics relate to HIF1a expression in UM. Data from 64 patients who were enucleated for UM were analysed. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was determined with the Illumina HT-12 v4 chip. In 54 cases, the status of chromosomes 3 and 8q, and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) protein expression (immunohistochemistry) were determined. Findings were corroborated using data of 80 patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) study. A significantly increased expression of HIF1a, and a decreased expression of VHL were associated with monosomy 3/loss of BAP1 expression. The relationship between BAP1 loss and HIF1a expression was independent of chromosome 3. The largest basal diameter and tumour thickness showed no relationship with HIF1a. HIF1a expression related to an increased presence of infiltrating T cells and macrophages. From this study, we conclude that HIF1a is strongly related to tumour genetics in UM, especially to loss of BAP1 expression, and less to tumour size. Tumour ischemia is furthermore related to the presence of an inflammatory phenotype.

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Poster 31: Surface Functional Electric Stimulation in the Treatment and Prevention of Shoulder Subluxation Poststroke: A Systematic Review

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1016/j.apmr.2008.08.134 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 89 (10) ◽

pp. e36

Author(s):

Norine Foley ◽

Katherine Salter ◽

Laura Zettler ◽

Robert Teasell

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Electric Stimulation ◽

Treatment And Prevention

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Passive-specific immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies for prostate cancer: A systematic review

Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/1078155218808080 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 903-917 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neda Khalili ◽

Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi ◽

Sepideh Shahkarami ◽

Armin Hirbod-Mobarakeh ◽

Nima Rezaei

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Specific Antigens

Introduction Treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with conventional therapies is still not successful. Therefore, application of novel biological approaches such as immunotherapy, which appears to be more effective and less toxic, is necessary. Monoclonal antibodies against cancer specific antigens are a kind of immunotherapy that have been approved for specific types of cancer and are being investigated for prostate cancer as well. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness and safety of monoclonal antibodies for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Method According to the search strategy stated in our systematic review protocol, Scopus, Medline, TRIP, CENTRAL, ProQuest, DART and OpenGrey databases were searched. Data collection and quality assessment were done independently by two authors and any disagreements between the collected data were resolved by a third author. A meta-analysis was not feasible as there was a considerable statistical heterogeneity among the trials. Hence, this review was limited to a narrative analysis of the included studies. Results We found 9756 references by applying search strategy in 4 databases of journal articles and 3 databases of grey literature. We then discarded 3957 duplicate citations using Endnote software and 5143 articles due to obvious irrelevancy of their topics in primary screening. In secondary screening of 656 fulltexts, we excluded 538 articles, and finally included 12 trials in this systematic review, updated on 23 June 2017. The overall quality of the studies was fair. In general, results of this systematic review show promising advances in the treatment of prostate cancer patients with monoclonal antibodies against prostate-specific antigens with regard to PSA/disease response. Some of the studies reported pain relief after treatment as well. Conclusion Currently, the role of immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer still remains debated. Although passive specific immunotherapy could be offered as a novel therapeutic option in the coming years, patients should be informed about the risks and benefits of this therapy. One of the obstacles in this review was the lack of adequate assessment of survival-related endpoints reported in the included studies. Our study provides support for further research in this field.

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Hepatitis C Virus Infection Epidemiology among People Who Inject Drugs in Europe: A Systematic Review of Data for Scaling Up Treatment and Prevention

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0103345 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e103345 ◽

Cited By ~ 141

Author(s):

Lucas Wiessing ◽

Marica Ferri ◽

Bart Grady ◽

Maria Kantzanou ◽

Ida Sperle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

People Who Inject Drugs ◽

Scaling Up ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Treatment And Prevention

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Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55020025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Goda Daugėlaitė ◽

Kristė Užkuraitytė ◽

Eglė Jagelavičienė ◽

Aleksas Filipauskas

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

Laser Therapy ◽

Oral Mucositis ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Royal Jelly ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Prevention Methods

Background and objectives: Oral mucositis is one of the main adverse events of cancer treatment with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. It presents as erythema, atrophy or/and ulceration of oral mucosa. It occurs in almost all patients, who receive radiation therapy of the head and neck area and from 20% to 80% of patients who receive chemotherapy. There are few clinical trials in the literature proving any kind of treatment or prevention methods to be effective. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform systematic review of literature and examine the most effective treatment and prevention methods for chemotherapy or/and radiotherapy induced oral mucositis. Materials and methods: Clinical human trials, published from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2017 in English, were included in this systematic review of literature. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol was followed while planning, providing objectives, selecting studies and analyzing data for this systematic review. “MEDLINE” and “PubMed Central” databases were used to search eligible clinical trials. Clinical trials researching medication, oral hygiene, cryotherapy or laser therapy efficiency in treatment or/and prevention of oral mucositis were included in this systematic review. Results: Results of the studies used in this systematic review of literature showed that laser therapy, cryotherapy, professional oral hygiene, antimicrobial agents, Royal jelly, L. brevis lozenges, Zync supplementation and Benzydamine are the best treatment or/and prevention methods for oral mucositis. Conclusions: Palifermin, Chlorhexidine, Smecta, Actovegin, Kangfuxin, L. brevis lozenges, Royal jelly, Zync supplement, Benzydamine, cryotherapy, laser therapy and professional oral hygiene may be used in oral mucositis treatment and prevention.

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Carmustine as a Supplementary Therapeutic Option for Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2020.01036 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Zhi-Ze Xiao ◽

Ze-Fen Wang ◽

Tian Lan ◽

Wen-Hong Huang ◽

Yu-Hang Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Meta Analysis

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Systematic review on infection and disease caused by Thelazia callipaeda in Europe: 2001–2020

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2020048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Beatriz do Vale ◽

Ana Patrícia Lopes ◽

Maria da Conceição Fontes ◽

Mário Silvestre ◽

Luís Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Thelazia Callipaeda ◽

Red Foxes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

Available Information

Cases of thelaziosis by Thelazia callipaeda have been increasing considerably in Europe throughout the 21st century, with recent emphasis on Eastern Europe. A systematic review was conducted using defined search terms across three major databases and, additionally, with the examination of the references of the 56 articles selected. Available information about epidemiological and clinical features of all cases of thelaziosis by T. callipaeda in companion animals, wildlife and humans was extracted, evaluated and subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. In all cross-sectional studies about dogs, cats and red foxes, males were more frequently infected than females (dogs: p = 0.0365; cats: p = 0.0164; red foxes: p = 0.0082). Adult dogs seem to be more prone to infection (p < 0.0001), as well as large-sized dogs (p < 0.0001), and companion animals that live exclusively outdoors (p < 0.0001). Dogs and red foxes involved in these cross-sectional studies harboured significantly more female than male nematodes (p < 0.0001). Thelaziosis by T. callipaeda is far from controlled in Europe. Only through updated epidemiological data, knowledge improvement and awareness can correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment and prevention be ensured to tackle this zoonosis.

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