scholarly journals Cryptochrome 2 from Lilium × formolongi Regulates Photoperiodic Flowering in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12929
Author(s):  
Xiao-Mei Wu ◽  
Zheng-Min Yang ◽  
Lin-Hao Yang ◽  
Ji-Ren Chen ◽  
Hai-Xia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Photoperiodic Flowering ◽  
Photoperiodic Regulation ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Cryptochrome 2 ◽  
Seed Propagation

The photoperiodic flowering pathway is essential for plant reproduction. As blue and ultraviolet-A light receptors, cryptochromes play an important role in the photoperiodic regulation of flowering. Lilium × formolongi is an important cut flower that flowers within a year after seed propagation. Floral induction is highly sensitive to photoperiod. In this study, we isolated the CRYPTOCHROME2 gene (LfCRY2) from L. × formolongi. The predicted LfCRY2 protein was highly homologous to other CRY2 proteins. The transcription of LfCRY2 was induced by blue light. LfCRY2 exhibits its highest diurnal expression during the floral induction stage under both long-day and short-day photoperiods. Overexpression of LfCRY2 in Arabidopsis thaliana promoted flowering under long days but not short days, and inhibited hypocotyl elongation under blue light. Furthermore, LfCRY2 was located in the nucleus and could interact with L. × formolongi CONSTANS-like 9 (LfCOL9) and A. thaliana CRY-interacting basic-helix-loop-helix 1 (AtCIB1) in both yeast and onion cells, which supports the hypothesis that LfCRY2 hastens the floral transition via the CIB1-CO pathway in a manner similar to AtCRY2. These results provide evidence that LfCRY2 plays a vital role in promoting flowering under long days in L. × formolongi.

Arabidopsis CIB3 regulates photoperiodic flowering in an FKF1-dependent way

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianxia Zhou ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Zhiwei Sha ◽  
Weiliang Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Regulation ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factor ◽  
Flowering Locus T ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Photoperiodic Flowering ◽  
E Box ◽  
Cryptochrome 2 ◽  
Flavin Binding ◽  
Regulation Of Growth

ABSTRACT Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1 (FKF1) are blue light receptors mediating light regulation of growth and development, such as photoperiodic flowering. CRY2 interacts with a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor CIB1 in response to blue light to activate the transcription of the flowering integrator gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). CIB1, CIB2, CIB4 and CIB5 function redundantly to promote flowering in a CRY2-dependent way and form various heterodimers to bind to the non-canonical E-box sequence in the FT promoter. However, the function of CIB3 has not been described. We discovered that CIB3 promotes photoperiodic flowering independently of CRY2. Moreover, CIB3 does not interact with CRY2 but interacts with CIB1 and functions synergistically with CIB1 to promote transcription of the GI gene. FKF1 is required for CIB3 to promote flowering and enhances the CIB1-CIB3 interaction in response to blue light.

scholarly journals Floral Induction in the Short-Day Plant Chrysanthemum Under Blue and Red Extended Long-Days

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malleshaiah SharathKumar ◽  
Ep Heuvelink ◽  
Leo F. M. Marcelis ◽  
Wim van Ieperen
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Short Days

Shorter photoperiod and lower daily light integral (DLI) limit the winter greenhouse production. Extending the photoperiod by supplemental light increases biomass production but inhibits flowering in short-day plants such as Chrysanthemum morifolium. Previously, we reported that flowering in growth-chamber grown chrysanthemum with red (R) and blue (B) LED-light could also be induced in long photoperiods by applying only blue light during the last 4h of 15h long-days. This study investigates the possibility to induce flowering by extending short-days in greenhouses with 4h of blue light. Furthermore, flower induction after 4h of red light extension was tested after short-days RB-LED light in a growth-chamber and after natural solar light in a greenhouse. Plants were grown at 11h of sole source RB light (60:40) in a growth-chamber or solar light in the greenhouse (short-days). Additionally, plants were grown under long-days, which either consisted of short-days as described above extended with 4h of B or R light to long-days or of 15h continuous RB light or natural solar light. Flower initiation and normal capitulum development occurred in the blue-extended long-days in the growth-chamber after 11h of sole source RB, similarly as in short-days. However, when the blue extension was applied after 11h of full-spectrum solar light in a greenhouse, no flower initiation occurred. With red-extended long-days after 11h RB (growth-chamber) flower initiation occurred, but capitulum development was hindered. No flower initiation occurred in red-extended long-days in the greenhouse. These results indicate that multiple components of the daylight spectrum influence different phases in photoperiodic flowering in chrysanthemum in a time-dependent manner. This research shows that smart use of LED-light can open avenues for a more efficient year-round cultivation of chrysanthemum by circumventing the short-day requirement for flowering when applied in emerging vertical farm or plant factories that operate without natural solar light. In current year-round greenhouses’ production, however, extension of the natural solar light during the first 11 h of the photoperiod with either red or blue sole LED light, did inhibit flowering.

Cryptochrome 2 is involved in betacyanin decomposition induced by blue light in Suaeda salsa

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Chang-Quan ◽  
Liu Tao
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Suaeda Salsa ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Tyrosine Hydroxylation ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Cryptochrome 2 ◽  
Hydroxylation Activity

Seeds of the halophyte Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. were cultured in 24 h dark and 14 h blue light / 10 h dark to examine the role of blue light and the blue-light-absorbing photoreceptor cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) in betacyanin accumulation, hypocotyl elongation and cotyledon opening in S. salsa seedlings. Darkness significantly promoted betacyanin accumulation and hypocotyl elongation but inhibited cotyledon opening. Blue light suppressed betacyanin accumulation and hypocotyl elongation but stimulated cotyledon opening. Betacyanin in S. salsa seedlings decomposed with time in blue light. Western blot analysis showed that CRY2 protein accumulated both in hypocotyls and cotyledons of S. salsa seedlings grown in dark, but degraded with time in blue light, which was paralleled by a decrease of tyrosine hydroxylation activity of tyrosinase, a key enzyme involved in the betalain biosynthesis pathway. These results suggest that CRY2 protein mediates betacyanin decomposition via inactivation of tyrosinase in S. salsa seedlings, and the blue-light-dependent degradation of CRY2 protein is crucial to its function.

Light quantity controls leaf-cell and chloroplast development in Arabidopsis thaliana wild type and blue-light-perception mutants

Planta ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 211 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Weston ◽  
Keira Thorogood ◽  
Giovanna Vinti ◽  
Enrique López-Juez
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Chloroplast Development ◽  
Leaf Cell ◽  
Light Perception ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Light Quantity

scholarly journals Manipulation of the Blue Light Photoreceptor Cryptochrome 2 in Tomato Affects Vegetative Development, Flowering Time, and Fruit Antioxidant Content

2004 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Giliberto ◽  
Gaetano Perrotta ◽  
Patrizia Pallara ◽  
James L. Weller ◽  
Paul D. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Blue Light Photoreceptor ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Cryptochrome 2

scholarly journals Do UV-A radiation and blue light during growth prime leaves to cope with acute high light in photoreceptor mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana ?

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig C. Brelsford ◽  
Luis O. Morales ◽  
Jakub Nezval ◽  
Titta K. Kotilainen ◽  
Saara M. Hartikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
High Light

scholarly journals Genetic and molecular basis of floral induction in Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 2490-2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Kinoshita ◽  
René Richter
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Technological Advances

Abstract Many plants synchronize their life cycles in response to changing seasons and initiate flowering under favourable environmental conditions to ensure reproductive success. To confer a robust seasonal response, plants use diverse genetic programmes that integrate environmental and endogenous cues and converge on central floral regulatory hubs. Technological advances have allowed us to understand these complex processes more completely. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of genetic and molecular mechanisms that control flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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