scholarly journals Palm Oil-Rich Diet Affects Murine Liver Proteome and S-Palmitoylome

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13094
Author(s):  
Ewelina Ziemlińska ◽  
Justyna Sobocińska ◽  
Anna Świątkowska ◽  
Aneta Hromada-Judycka ◽  
Gabriela Traczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Neutrophil Degranulation ◽  
Murine Liver ◽  
Liver Proteome

Palmitic acid (C16:0) is the most abundant saturated fatty acid in animals serving as a substrate in synthesis and β-oxidation of other lipids, and in the modification of proteins called palmitoylation. The influence of dietary palmitic acid on protein S-palmitoylation remains largely unknown. In this study we performed high-throughput proteomic analyses of a membrane-enriched fraction of murine liver to examine the influence of a palm oil-rich diet (HPD) on S-palmitoylation of proteins. HPD feeding for 4 weeks led to an accumulation of C16:0 and C18:1 fatty acids in livers which disappeared after 12-week feeding, in contrast to an accumulation of C16:0 in peritoneal macrophages. Parallel proteomic studies revealed that HPD feeding induced a sequence of changes of the level and/or S-palmitoylation of diverse liver proteins involved in fatty acid, cholesterol and amino acid metabolism, hemostasis, and neutrophil degranulation. The HPD diet did not lead to liver damage, however, it caused progressing obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. We conclude that the relatively mild negative impact of such diet on liver functioning can be attributed to a lower bioavailability of palm oil-derived C16:0 vs. that of C18:1 and the efficiency of mechanisms preventing liver injury, possibly including dynamic protein S-palmitoylation.

Fatty Acid Oxidation by Skeletal Muscle During Rest and Activity

1958 ◽  
Vol 194 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving B. Fritz ◽  
Don G. Davis ◽  
Robert H. Holtrop ◽  
Harold Dundee
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The metabolism of C14-labeled acetate, octanoate and palmitate by isolated skeletal muscle (latissimus dorsi and diaphragm) from normal, fed rats has been examined. The rates at which these substrates were converted to C14O2 have been shown to vary with concentration, temperature, functional state of the muscle, and the presence of albumin. Increased concentration of fatty acids led to enhanced conversion of substrate to C14O2. Electrical stimulation of muscles under tension resulted in approximately a 60% increase in oxygen consumption and about a 100% rise in fatty acid oxidation. The addition of glucose did not alter the rate of fatty acid metabolism by muscle. The addition of bovine albumin at concentrations up to approximately 1 µm albumin/7 µm palmitate resulted in augmented palmitic acid oxidation. However, at concentrations of albumin greater than 1 µm albumin/7 µm palmitate, palmitic acid degradation by resting diaphragm was inhibited, suggesting a firmer binding of fatty acid to albumin. The Q10 for palmitic acid oxidation by resting diaphragm was 2.23 in the absence of added albumin between 25° and 37°C. The data are discussed in relation to the present concepts of fat metabolism and transport in vivo. It is suggested that fat degradation in isolated muscle may provide an energy source during activity.

scholarly journals Metabolomics-Based Biomarkers for Frailty in Chinese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 534-534
Author(s):  
Yiming Pan ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Lina Ma
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Citrate Cycle ◽  
Chinese Older Adults

Abstract Background Frailty is a clinical state characterized by decline in physiological function, and increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes. The biological mechanisms underlying frailty have been extensively studied in recent years. Advances in the multi-omics platforms have provided new information on the molecular mechanisms of frailty. Thus, identifying omics-based biomarkers is helpful for both exploring the physiological mechanisms of frailty and evaluating the risk of frailty development and progression. Objective To identify metabolomics biomarkers and possible pathogenic mechanisms for frailty with untargeted-metabolomics profiling. Methods LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed on serum samples of 25 frail older inpatients and 49 non-frail older controls. The metabolomics profiling was compared between the two groups. Results We identified 349 metabolites belonging to 46 classes, in which 2 were increased and 3 were decreased in frail older adults. Citrate cycle (with up-regulated cis-Aconitic acid, Fumaric acid, L-Malic acid, and Isocitric acid), fatty acid metabolism (with up-regulated Palmitic acid and L-Palmitoylcarnitine) and tryptophan metabolism (with up-regulated 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan, L-Kynurenine, Kynurenic acid, and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid) were significantly associated with frailty phenotype. Conclusions Our results revealed characteristics of metabolites of frailty in Chinese older adults. The citrate cycle related metabolites (Isocitrate, (s)-Malate, Fumarate and cis-Aconitate), saturated fat (Palmitic acid), unsaturated fatty acid (Arachidonate and Linoleic acid), and some essential amino acid (Tryptophan) might be candidate biomarkers for early diagnosis of frailty. Disorders of energy metabolism, lipotoxicity of saturated fatty acids, disturbances of unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, and increased degradation of tryptophan were potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets of frailty.

Fatty acid metabolism in segments of rat intestine

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Porte ◽  
Cecil Entenman
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Tissue Uptake ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
A Minor

The in vitro metabolism of albumin-bound palmitic acid-1-C14 by segments of small intestine was studied. Tissue uptake, esterification, and oxidation of the fatty acid were measured separately and found to respond independently to altered incubation conditions. Uptake was reversible, and did not require glucose or oxygen. It was not inhibited by fluoride or arsenate. Esterification required both glucose and oxygen, but was unaffected by insulin. It was depressed by succinate and almost completely inhibited by fluoride and arsenate. Oxidation was a minor fate for fatty acid. It was independent of glucose but inhibited by succinate, fluoride, and arsenate. Sodium taurocholate stimulated uptake, but not esterification, as has been previously reported. The possible significance of the reversible tissue uptake reaction is discussed.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Regulates Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Metabolism Through Reversible Protein S-Nitrosylation

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (256) ◽  
pp. rs1-rs1 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-T. Doulias ◽  
M. Tenopoulou ◽  
J. L. Greene ◽  
K. Raju ◽  
H. Ischiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

Synthesis and Tissue Biodistribution of [.omega.-11C]Palmitic Acid. A Novel Pet Imaging Agent for Cardiac Fatty acid Metabolism

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (15) ◽  
pp. 2481-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad O. Buckman ◽  
Henry F. VanBrocklin ◽  
Carmen S. Dence ◽  
Steven R. Bergmann ◽  
Michael J. Welch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Imaging Agent

scholarly journals Selection of Peat Firefighting Foam from Palm Oil Fatty Acid Saponification with Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo Subekti ◽  
Erliza Hambali ◽  
Ani Suryani ◽  
Prayoga Suryadarma ◽  
Bambang Hero Saharjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Sodium Laurate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting ◽  
Peat Fires

Fire suppression on peatlands requires large amounts of water and a longer time, hence it is necessary to develop extinguishing material that needs less water and time. Thus the negative impact of the fire can be solved immediately. One alternative for fire suppression that saves water and time is the application of foaming agents as an extinguishing material. This study aims to select the raw material of foaming agent from palm oil fatty acid saponification using the SAW method. Analysis results revealed that the best raw materials were sodium laurate and potassium palmitate, with the highest weight values of 70, 08 and 53, 87. Both of these materials have complementary properties. Sodium laurate can produce a lot of foam and reduce large surface tension. Potassium Palmitate produces the foam which can last the longest so that with the formulation of the two ingredients it is expected to produce foam that can extinguish peat fires.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Zat Aditif Urea terhadap Kuantitas Biodiesel Pada Reaksi Transesterfikasi

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rismawati Rasyid ◽  
Ummu Kalsum ◽  
Rahmaniah Malik ◽  
Dadi Priyono ◽  
Azis Albar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Oil

Abstrak Asam lemak jenuh maupun tak jenuh pada minyak nabati memiliki potensi untuk diubah menjadi bahan kimia penyusun bahan bakar . Komponen asam lemak pada CPO RBD dengan komposisi terbesar adalah asam palmitat (38.2%) dan asam oleat (45.89%).  Pembuatan biodiesel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan CPO (Crude Palm Oil) yang telah dimurnikan melalui reaksi transesterfikasi dengan pereaksi etanol dan katalisator KOH. Penambahan urea sebagai zat aditif pada reaksi dapat meningkatkan kualitas biodiesel yang diperoleh serta lebih efisien dalam tahapan pemurnian. Persentase kadar FAME (Fatty Acid Metyl Ester) setara dengan persen yield biodiesel pada proses reaksi tanpa penambahan urea adalah 90.34% dan mengalami peningkatan setelah penambahan urea sebesar 98%. Densitas yang dihasilkan pada reaksi tanpa zat aditif  0.868 gr/ ml dan reaksi dengan penambahan zat aditif memiliki densitas  0.866 gr/ml,  kedua produk tersebut telah sesuai dengan standar SNI yakni berkisar 0.85–0.89. Kata kunci : biodiesel, CPO, zat aditif Abstract Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vegetable oils have potential to be converted into constituent of chemicals fuel. Fatty acids in the RBD palm oil with the largest composition are palmitic acid (38.2%) and oleic acid (45.89%). Production of fuel which substitute diesel fuel (biodiesel) from CPO (Crude Palm Oil) which has been purified by transesterification reaction with ethanol reagent and KOH catalyst. The addition of urea as an additive substancein the reaction to improve  the quality as well as more efficient biodiesel obtained in the purification stages. Percentage value of FAME(Fatty Acid Metyl Ester)or yield biodiesel in the reaction without the addition of urea is 90.34% and after the addition of urea increased by 98%. Density of product that produced in the reaction without additives is 0.868 g / ml and for reaction with additives has a density of 0.866 g / ml, both of these products are met the criteria of SNI  standards which ranged from 0.85 to 0.89. Keywords : Biodiesel, CPO, additive substance

scholarly journals Substituting Fish Oil with Crude Palm Oil in the Diet of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Affects Muscle Fatty Acid Composition and Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism

2002 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gordon Bell ◽  
R. James Henderson ◽  
Douglas R. Tocher ◽  
Fiona McGhee ◽  
James R. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Crude Palm Oil
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