scholarly journals Selection of Peat Firefighting Foam from Palm Oil Fatty Acid Saponification with Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo Subekti ◽  
Erliza Hambali ◽  
Ani Suryani ◽  
Prayoga Suryadarma ◽  
Bambang Hero Saharjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Sodium Laurate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting ◽  
Peat Fires

Fire suppression on peatlands requires large amounts of water and a longer time, hence it is necessary to develop extinguishing material that needs less water and time. Thus the negative impact of the fire can be solved immediately. One alternative for fire suppression that saves water and time is the application of foaming agents as an extinguishing material. This study aims to select the raw material of foaming agent from palm oil fatty acid saponification using the SAW method. Analysis results revealed that the best raw materials were sodium laurate and potassium palmitate, with the highest weight values of 70, 08 and 53, 87. Both of these materials have complementary properties. Sodium laurate can produce a lot of foam and reduce large surface tension. Potassium Palmitate produces the foam which can last the longest so that with the formulation of the two ingredients it is expected to produce foam that can extinguish peat fires.

scholarly journals Potensi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bahan Baku Busa Pemadam Kebakaran Lahan Gambut di Indonesia: Suatu Tijauan Pustaka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fire Extinguisher ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials ◽  
Peat Fires

This researchs aims to to find out about the potential of palm oil as a raw material of foam firefighting peat fires in Indonesia.By using the method of literature approach to previous researchers, can be in the know that the vegetable raw materials with thepotential to be developed in Indonesia as a raw material of foam extinguishing peat fires is palm oil. In addition to theavailability of environmentally friendly palm oil is also guaranteed and sustained since 2015, Indonesia produced palm oil andits derivatives amounted to 32.5 million tons, to meet the domestic demand of 18.77% while exports amounted to 81.23%..Utilization of palm oil as a raw material foam fire extinguisher is one form of support to the Indonesian government in order toincrease the downstream and value-added palm oil products as well as reduce the level of risk of peat fires

scholarly journals The Formulation of Foaming Agents from Palm Oil Fatty Acid and Performance Test on Peat Fires

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo SUBEKTI ◽  
Erliza HAMBALI ◽  
Ani SURYANI ◽  
Prayoga SURYADARMA ◽  
Bambang Hero SAHARJO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Peat Fires

scholarly journals Synthesis of Acid Polyols As a Feedstock to Produce Flexible Polyurethanes and Their Effect on the Income Level of Furniture Craftsmen

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Andi Budirohmi
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Shoe Soles ◽  
Alternative Feedstock

Polyuretanes are widely used as elastomers, coatings, adhesivesand binders,interior and exterior cars, furniture,shoe soles, carpets, rigit and flexible foams, membrane materials as well as constuction materials .The production of polyurethanes is largely derived  from  polyols derived from petroleum . Howover, petroleum  is a non- renewable raw material . Thus it is necessary to look alternative feedstock  for the manufacture of polyol  as a polyurethane raw material. Synnthesis polyurethane by polymerization process  using  polyol volume based on polyol  oleat acid  polypropylenglycol ( PPG ) in order to know  whether fatty acid can be used  as raw materials  of polyurethane manufacture.From the result of the study. Based on Fourier Transform Infra  Red ( FTIR), showed,that the product  produced is polyol with obtained hydroxyl  group ( OH group )with hydroxylnumber is 129,81 mg KOH / g and 157,60 mg KOH / g sample of 70 

scholarly journals Metode Menentukan Klor dalam Sludge Oil: Perbandingan Metode Wet dan Metode Jena

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Herliati Rahman ◽  
Akhirudin Salasa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chlorine Content ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
The Difference

Currently, the use of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) in the cement industry is very attractive. This is driven by demands for environmental sustainability and the efficiency of fuel and raw material costs. One of the materials that can be used as AFR is sludge oil. However, it needs to be ensured that the chlorine content in the sludge oil does not exceed the threshold so that it does not have a negative impact during the cement production process. It is known that if the chlorine content is more than the threshold, it can cause blocking or clogging of the separator and the kiln. This study aims to determine the performance of the Jena Multi EA 4000 instrument in determining the chlorine content in sludge oil quickly and accurately. Analytic Jena Multi EA 4000 is an Atomic Absorption Spectrometers (AAS) instrument that can be used for analysis of samples in the form of solids or slurries containing chlorine. As validation of the resulting analysis, the wet method is used, which as usual, to determine chlorine levels. From the statistic analysis, namely the F-test and T-test, We found that F-count equal to 0.0080 and F-table equal to 4.2839. it shows that F-count < F-table, indicating the difference in the variance of the two methods H0: s12 = s22 is accepted because there is no difference to the variability of these two tests and the value of T-count = -3.9717 and T-table = 2.1788 so that T-count <T-table is accepted because there is no difference in the average accuracy of the two methods H0: M1 = M2.  

scholarly journals Sintesis Merkaptoetil Karboksilat sebagai Bahan Baku Stabiliser Termal Polivinil Klorida: Variasi Sumber Asam Lemak

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan ◽  
Adli Azharuddin ◽  
Dendy Adityawarman ◽  
Dicka Ar Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermal Stabilizer ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Rigid Pvc

Abstrak. Merkaptoetil karboksilat merupakan bahan baku stabiliser termal polivinil klorida atau polyvinyl chloride (PVC) berbasis timah organik. Stabiliser termal perlu ditambahkan ke dalam resin PVC sebelum diekstrusi untuk mencegah kerusakan karena pengerjaan panas. Stabiliser termal PVC dari timah organik dikenal sangat efektif, khususnya untuk aplikasi PVC kaku seperti pipa dan bingkai jendela. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi sintesis merkaptoetil karboksilat dari asam lemak dan merkapto etanol dengan variasi sumber asam lemak yang meliputi asam lemak sawit, dedak padi dan biji kapuk. Percobaan dilakukan dalam sebuah reaktor partaian (batch) dengan asam kuat sebagai katalis. Percobaan dilakukan pada temperatur 60-80°C dan ekses merkapto etanol 10%. Kinerja sintesis dievaluasi melalui pengukuran kadar gugus merkaptan dan angka asam dalam produk serta perolehan produk. Pada rentang temperatur 60-80°C, ketiga asam lemak memberikan produk dengan kadar merkaptan pada rentang 6,4-7,8%.  Temperatur 70°C merupakan temperatur terbaik karena menghasilkan produk dengan kadar merkaptan tertinggi tanpa memadat selama penyimpanan. Pada temperatur ini, produk memiliki angka asam pada rentang 11-41 mg KOH/g dan perolehan pada rentang 70-81%. Ketiga sumber asam lemak memberikan produk dengan kadar merkaptan yang mencukupi untuk dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku stabiliser PVC. Mempertimbangkan kualitas produk dan ketersediaan di pasaran, distilat asam lemak sawit dipandang sebagai bahan baku yang paling baik. Kata kunci: asam lemak, merkaptoetil karboksilat, polivinil klorida, stabiliser termal. Abstract. Synthesis of Mercaptoethyl Carboxylate as Raw Materials for Polyvinyl Chloride Thermal Stabilizer: Variation in Fatty Acid Source. Mercaptoethyl carboxylate is a raw material for organotin-based polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermal stabilizer. Thermal stabilizers need to be added to the PVC resin before extruded to prevent degradation due to heat treatment. Organotin PVC stabilizers are known to be very effective, especially for rigid PVC applications such as pipes and frames. This study was aimed to evaluate the synthesis of mercaptoethyl carboxylate from fatty acids and mercaptoethanol with various sources of fatty acids including palm, rice bran and kapok seed fatty acids. The experiment was carried out in a batch reactor with a strong acid as a catalyst. The experiments were conducted at 60-80°C and 10% mercapto ethanol excess. The performance of synthesis was evaluated by measuring mercaptan and acid contents and yield. In the range of 60-80°C, all three fatty acids provided products with mercaptan levels in the range of 6.4-7.8%. A temperature of 70°C is the best temperature as it gave a product with the highest mercaptan content without solidification during storage. At this temperature, the product had acid values in the range 11-41 mg KOH/g and yields in the range of 70-81%. Considering product quality and availability in the market, palm fatty acid distillate was seen as the best raw material. Keywords: fatty acid, mercaptoethyl carboxylate, polyvinyl chloride, thermal stabilizer. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Pengujian Association Clasification Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Minyak Sawit Sebagai Bahan Dasar Biodisel

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Adi Fitra Andikos ◽  
Helly Andri
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Apriori Algorithm ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
Using Data

 The role of oil and gas business in Indonesia has always influenced the source of revenue from the country and energy sources for the national economy. In the 1970 's to the 1990 's and mid-1990 's, it was characterized by the high dependence of the national economy on oil and gas revenues, triggering massive oil and gas-producing. Currently, Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer and exporter in the world. Palm oil is one of the roads to overcome the problem of petroleum in Indonesia. To commercialize plants is still constrained because the availability of low raw material costs very hard to get. The amalgamation of crude palm oil and crude palm sludge is one of the problems of raw materials for renewable energy production. This low-level oil has great potential as a raw material for biodiesel production. To get the maximum quality mixing required a computer method. The method used in this study is analysis study with the Association classification approach by testing Improved Apriori algorithm in mining palm oil dataset. In this research using Data Mining application so that can be used to display the information of quality improvement of palm oil acid with high quality as a biodiesel base where the information is seen from the value of support and Confidence between items. M-Apriori algorithm can not read the continous data, so it must be done transformation first, one of them using the help of discreetization technique. Crude palm oil acid type esteridication which is fatty acid levels > 60 and Abu bunches 51-100 g/mol then the quality of biodiesel with the result of rising methyl Ester increases by as much as 100% (confidence: 1). From data that is calculated manually, no relationship is found Association.

Investigation of Hydrometallurgical Processing of Titanomagnetite Ore Enrichment Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 1115-1120
Author(s):  
E.S. Makhotkina ◽  
M.V. Shubina ◽  
I.G. Shubin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Magnetite Ore ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing ◽  
Vanadium Extraction ◽  
Extraction Degree

In the article the negative impact of titano-magnetite ore enrichment waste on the environment and the possibility of its use as vanadium-containing raw materials are overviewed. The chemical and mineralogical composition features of various samples of the Kusinsky deposit titanomagnetite ore tails are presented. Different combinations of their roasting processes (with and without salt additives, with oxides, carbonates, or their compositions) and leaching processes (with water or acid) during hydrometallurgical processing were analyzed.The experiment results on the extraction of vanadium in the form of soluble vanadates from the titanomagnetite ore tails by leaching from samples subjected to roasting with soda ash, sodium sulfate, calcium oxide, and sodium chloride in various mass ratios are presented. The significant influence of ore sample chemical composition on the vanadium extraction degree was revealed. It was revealed that for this type of vanadium raw material additives of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are most preferable from the vanadium extraction degree point of view.

scholarly journals Potential production of palm oil-based foaming agent as fire extinguisher of peatlands in Indonesia: Literature review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo Subekti ◽  
Erliza Hambali ◽  
Ani Suryani ◽  
Prayoga Suryadarma
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fire Extinguisher ◽  
Potential Production ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Burnt Areas ◽  
Peat Fires

Status: PostprintThis study aims to analyze the potential aplication of of palm oil-based foamingagent as peat fires fighter in Indonesia. From literature review, it has been known that thefoaming agent able to form foam to extinguish fire, wrap and refrigerate the burning peat. It isnecessary to develop the production and application of foaming agent in Indonesia becausepeat fires occur almost every year that caused smoke haze. Potential raw material for theproduction of environmental friendly foaming agent as foam extinguishing for peat fires inIndonesia aong other is palm oil due to abundant availability, sustainable, and foam producteasily degraded in the environment of the burnt areas. Production of foaming agent as firefightingin Indonesia is one alternative to reduce the time to control the fire and smog disasterimpact. Application of palm oil as a raw material for fire-fighting is contribute to increase thevalue added and the development of palm oil downstream industry.

scholarly journals Whey centralized processing of as an environmental aspect of regional development

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Vladimir Lazarev ◽  
Tatyana Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Dairy Plant ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Competitive Products

The article presents the practicability of developing the environmental aspect of dairy industry enterprises on the example of Sverdlovsk region. The volume of milk and cottage cheese production at the enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region is presented. The article describes the negative impact of milk processing enterprises on the environment. Statistical data on the percentage of enterprises that process secondary dairy raw materials are provided. The article presents the costs of installing local wastewater treatment plants and the rationality of creating a specialized enterprise for complex processing of whey on the basis of OJSC “Irbit Dairy Plant”. The article describes the value of secondary dairy raw materials that cause the greatest harm to the environment in case of unfair whey utilization, as a raw material for the production of competitive products. The technology for processing whey at a specialized enterprise using membrane methods is presented: nanofiltration — ultrafiltration — reverse osmosis followed by vacuum evaporation and spray drying. The expediency of introducing an ultrafiltration unit with the use ofceramic ultrafiltration element (CUFE) (0.01) ceramic membranes into the line for processing whey at theOJSCIrbit dairy plant is described. The content of the main components of curd whey at all stages of production, as well as the final products, is presented. The parameters of the described processes of whey processing are given.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document