scholarly journals Ontology-Mediated Historical Data Modeling: Theoretical and Practical Tools for an Integrated Construction of the Past

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Esther Travé Allepuz ◽  
Pablo del Fresno Bernal ◽  
Alfred Mauri Martí
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Data Modeling ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Past Theory

Building upon the concepts of constructed past theory, this paper introduces the outcome of ontology-mediated data modeling developed by the authors within the last 15 years. Assuming that the past is something constructed through reflection of former times, one of our major concerns is guaranteeing the traceability of the construction process of an integrated historical discourse built from all available sources of information, regardless of their origin or nature. Therefore, by means of defining key concepts such as ‘unit of topography’ and ‘actor’, we created an information system for data gathering and exploitation and applied it to some experiences of construction of the past. When applied within the archaeological domain, the result is an archaeological information system interoperable with other sources of historical information. Its strength is that it ensures the traceability of the process from the beginning avoiding the introduction and repetition of errors within the system. Along with the main case example developed in this paper, we also summarize some other data modeling examples within the same conceptual framework.

scholarly journals Power from Below in Premodern Societies

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Hierarchical Networks ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts

This volume challenges previous views of social organization focused on elites by offering innovative perspectives on 'power from below.' Using a variety of archaeological, anthropological, and historical data to question traditional narratives of complexity as inextricably linked to top-down power structures, it exemplifies how commoners have developed strategies to sustain non-hierarchical networks and contest the rise of inequalities. Through case studies from around the world – ranging from Europe to New Guinea, and from Mesoamerica to China – an international team of contributors explore the diverse and dynamic nature of power relations in premodern societies. The theoretical models discussed throughout the volume include a reassessment of key concepts such as heterarchy, collective action, and resistance. Thus, the book adds considerable nuance to our understanding of power in the past, and also opens new avenues of reflection that can help inform discussions about our collective present and future.

Managerial Accounting - an Essential Component of the Information System

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Andrei ◽  
Raluca Gâlmeanu ◽  
Florin Radu
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Managerial Accounting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Information ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Traditional Costing ◽  
New Guidelines

Abstract Accounting it’s an important component of the economic information system. E. Horomnea believes that through specific means and procedures, accounting provides: clarifications of the past and the present of the economic entities, pertinent analyzes that are directed to the market; provides guidance on the strategic future; provides motivations and solutions for the decisions made. This article will analyze the evolution of managerial accounting from traditional costing to the new guidelines, when the issue of creating added value and managing third parties needs represents the future of any information system. After 1987 there are continuous changes and concerns, not only at Romanian level but at world wide scale.

scholarly journals Metaphors of migration over time

2021 ◽  
pp. 095792652199215
Author(s):  
Charlotte Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Emigration And Immigration ◽  
Emigrants And Immigrants ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perception Of Control ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Metaphor Use ◽  
The Uk

This paper aims to cast light on contemporary migration rhetoric by integrating historical discourse analysis. I focus on continuity and change in conventionalised metaphorical framings of emigration and immigration in the UK-based Times newspaper from 1800 to 2018. The findings show that some metaphors persist throughout the 200-year time period (liquid, object), some are more recent in conventionalised form (animals, invader, weight) while others dropped out of conventionalised use before returning (commodity, guest). Furthermore, we see that the spread of metaphor use goes beyond correlation with migrant naming choices with both emigrants and immigrants occupying similar metaphorical frames historically. However, the analysis also shows that continuity in metaphor use cannot be assumed to correspond to stasis in framing and evaluation as the liquid metaphor is shown to have been more favourable in the past. A dominant frame throughout the period is migrants as an economic resource and the evaluation is determined by the speaker’s perception of control of this resource.

scholarly journals Barriers to identifying and obtaining CME: a national survey of physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen O’Brien Pott ◽  
Anissa S. Blanshan ◽  
Kelly M. Huneke ◽  
Barbara L. Baasch Thomas ◽  
David A. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Online Search ◽  
The Past ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract Background CPD educators and CME providers would benefit from further insight regarding barriers and supports in obtaining CME, including sources of information about CME. To address this gap, we sought to explore challenges that clinicians encounter as they seek CME, and time and monetary support allotted for CME. Methods In August 2018, we surveyed licensed US clinicians (physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants), sampling 100 respondents each of family medicine physicians, internal medicine and hospitalist physicians, medicine specialist physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants (1895 invited, 500 [26.3%] responded). The Internet-based questionnaire addressed barriers to obtaining CME, sources of CME information, and time and monetary support for CME. Results The most often-selected barriers were expense (338/500 [68%]) and travel time (N = 286 [57%]). The source of information about CME activities most commonly selected was online search (N = 348 [70%]). Direct email, professional associations, direct mail, and journals were also each selected by > 50% of respondents. Most respondents reported receiving 1–6 days (N = 301 [60%]) and $1000–$5000 (n = 263 [53%]) per year to use in CME activities. Most (> 70%) also reported no change in time or monetary support over the past 24 months. We found few significant differences in responses across clinician type or age group. In open-ended responses, respondents suggested eight ways to enhance CME: optimize location, reduce cost, publicize effectively, offer more courses and content, allow flexibility, ensure accessibility, make content clinically relevant, and encourage application. Conclusions Clinicians report that expense and travel time are the biggest barriers to CME. Time and money support is limited, and not increasing. Online search and email are the most frequently-used sources of information about CME. Those who organize and market CME should explore options that reduce barriers of time and money, and creatively use online tools to publicize new offerings.

Production, Mortality, And Sustainable Yield Of Northwest Atlantic Harp Seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1249-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Winters
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Sustainable Yield ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Northwest Atlantic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Pagophilus Groenlandicus

From recent and historical data the natural mortality rate of adult harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) is estimated to be 0.10 which is within the range of previous estimates (0.08–0.11). New estimates of bedlamer and 0-group natural mortality rates were not significantly different from those of adult seals. Pup production estimates from survival indices agreed well with those from sequential population analyses and indicated a decline from about 350 000 animals in the early 1950s to about 310 000 animals in the early 1970s. Over the same period the 1+ population size declined from 2.5 to 1.1 million animals but has been increasing at the rate of 3%/yr since the introduction of quotas in 1972. The relative contribution of the "Front" production to total ("Front" plus Gulf) production during the past decade has fluctuated from 49 to 87%, the average of 64% being very similar to the 61% obtained previously. These fluctuations suggest some interchange between "Front" and Gulf adults and it is concluded that homing in the breeding areas is a facultative rather than obligatory aspect of seal behavior. Thus the heavier exploitation of the "Front" production is probably sufficiently diffused into the total population to avoid serious effects on "Front" production. The maximum sustainable yield of Northwest Atlantic seals harvested according to recent patterns is estimated to be 290 000 animals (80% pups) from a 1+ population size of 1.8 million animals producing 460 000 pups annually. The sustainable yield at present levels of pup production (335 000 animals) is calculated to be 220 000 animals which is substantially above the present TAC of 180 000 animals and coincides with present harvesting strategies designed to enable the seal hunt to increase slowly towards the MSY level. Key words: mortality, production, sustainable yield, population dynamics, marine mammal

Socio-spatial transformations at the urban fringes of Rome: Unfolding suburbanisms in Fiano Romano

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110316
Author(s):  
Lorenzo De Vidovich
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
New Inequalities

Today, suburbs and urban fringes are pivotal places for understanding contemporary urban transformations because the majority of the world’s urban population live in suburbs. Suburbanization (i.e. the process of combining the non-centric population, economic growth, and spatial expansion) and suburbanisms (suburban ways of living) are key concepts for observing these transformations, framed under the umbrella of the post-suburban theoretical framework. This paper relies on a post-suburban standpoint as it enables the complexity of the diverse transformations at the urban edges to be addressed. On such basis, this paper discusses the outcomes of a qualitative case study conducted on the most recently built neighbourhood of Fiano Romano, a suburb of Rome that has faced a number of socio-spatial transformations over the past two decades. The study illustrates the diverse complexities related to the provision of welfare services and public amenities such as water and social infrastructures. In so doing, the article unfolds the shape of a ‘new suburbia’ characterized by emerging socio-spatial changes that lie in processes of peripheralization, which characterize many contemporary post-Fordist suburban areas, especially at the present time of the coronavirus crisis. The article points out the centrality of suburban ways of living in studying issues involving both spatial planning and governance of welfare. Furthermore, the article highlights the idea that new inequalities and deprivations are taking place in diverse suburban areas, and that such aspects deserve further governance agendas able to meet the suburban social demands that differ from traditional urban vulnerabilities.

BRINGING HISTORY BACK IN: PAST, PRESENT, AND CONFLICT IN RWANDA AND THE EASTERN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
GILLIAN MATHYS
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Past

AbstractThis article argues that on the borderland between eastern DRC and Rwanda, the past and its representations have been constantly manipulated. The cataclysmic events in both Rwanda and Congo since the 1990s have widened the gap between partial and politicized historical discourse and careful historical analysis. The failure to pay attention to the multiple layers in the production of historical narratives risks reproducing a politicized social present that ‘naturalizes’ differences and antagonisms between different groups by giving them more time-depth. This is a danger both for insiders and outsiders looking in. The answer is to focus on the historical trajectories that shape historical narratives, and to ‘bring history back in’.

scholarly journals An advanced frequent closed sequences using BIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.20) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
K Vineela ◽  
M V.B.T. Santhi ◽  
N V.V. Gowtham Srujan ◽  
V Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Effective Algorithm ◽  
Direct Test ◽  
Test Strategy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mining Algorithm ◽  
Parent Child Relationships

According to the past reasearches which produced few argumented stating that the frequent mining algorithm should only be closed but not frequent, as it not only results in compact but also complete results, and also in greater effectiveness. Most of the previous algorithms have mainly provided a direct test strategy to detect. In this article, we provide an Advanced BIDE, which is an effective algorithm used for processing query methods frequently closed. BI-Directional extension algorithm is better in pruning or filtering the search space when compared to any other algorithm. It is related to the calculation of frequent samples of search engines by parent-child relationships. An experimental study based on a variety of real historical data demonstrates the effectiveness and measurability of A-BIDE on the known alternatives of the past. It can also be scaled in terms of size of a query. 

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