scholarly journals Molecular and Biological Characterization of Spodoptera frugiperda Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Field Isolate and Genotypes from China

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Chengfeng Lei ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Jia Hu ◽  
Xiulian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Cloning Method ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Colombian Isolate

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a new invading pest in China. The baculovirus Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV) is a pathogenic agent of the fall armyworm and a potential agent for its control in integrated pest management strategies. In this work, we analyze the molecular and biological characteristics of an SfMNPV isolate collected from maize in China (SfMNPV-Hub). Two genotypes were further isolated from SfMNPV-Hub by an in vivo cloning method. The PstI profile of one genotype (SfHub-A) was similar to genotype A of the SfMNPV Colombian isolate, and the other (SfHub-E) was similar to genotype E of the Colombian isolate. The bioactivity of SfHub-A against second-instar S. frugiperda larvae was not significantly different from that of SfMNPV-Hub, whereas SfHub-E was 2.7–5.5 fold less potent than SfMNPV-Hub. The speed of kill of SfHub-E was quicker than SfMNPV-Hub, while SfHub-A acted slower than SfMNPV-Hub. Occlusion body (OB) production of SfHub-A in an S. frugiperda cadaver was significantly higher than that of SfMNPV-Hub, while SfHub-E yielded far fewer occlusion bodies (OBs) in the host larvae. These results provide basic information for developing a virus-based pesticide against the invading pest S. frugiperda.

Virulence and Genetic Characterization of Six Baculovirus Strains Isolated From Different Populations of Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Zanella-Saenz ◽  
Elisabeth A. Herniou ◽  
Jorge E. Ibarra ◽  
Ma.Cristina Del Rincón-Castro ◽  
Ilse Alejandra Huerta-Arredondo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infection Mechanisms ◽  
Different Populations

Abstract Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797), is a polyphagous, voracious, and economically important agricultural pest. Biological control of FAW is a strategy that must be further explored. This study evaluated six baculovirus strains isolated from infected FAW larvae from Mexico, Argentina, Honduras, and the United States. Five alphabaculoviruses (SfNPV-An2, SfNPV-Arg, SfNPV-Fx, SfNPV-Ho and SfNPV-Sin) and one betabaculovirus (SfGV-RV), were tested against FAW larvae, showing a wide diversity of virulence levels among strains when their estimated LC50s were compared, being SfNPVArg, SfNPV-Ho and SfNPV-Fx more virulent than SfNPV-An 2 , SfNPV-Sin and SfGV-RV. To determine any virulence difference in vitro studies of these isolates, Sf9 cell cultures were used. Interestingly, only ODVs from four of the test SfNPV strains showed infectivity on Sf9 cell cultures, and some differences in virulence were observed. Genomic restriction analyses and partial sequences of lef-8, lef-9 , and polh/granulin genes showed little variability among alphabaculoviruses, both, among them and with previously reported sequences. However, sequences from SfGV-RV were closer to previously reported sequences from the SfGVVG008 strain than the SfGV-Arg and SfGV-VG014 strains. The great difference in the in vivo virulence was not correlated with great similarity among the isolates. The characterization of these six baculoviruses isolates offers the basis for exploring their potential as biological control agents against S. frugiperda, as well the initial studies on their specific infection mechanisms, evolution, and ecology.

scholarly journals Sf29 Gene of Spodoptera frugiperda Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Is a Viral Factor That Determines the Number of Virions in Occlusion Bodies

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (16) ◽  
pp. 7897-7904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oihane Simón ◽  
Trevor Williams ◽  
Aaron C. Asensio ◽  
Sarhay Ros ◽  
Andrea Gaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Glycosylation Sites ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Viral Factor ◽  
Positive Controls

ABSTRACT The genome of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) was inserted into a bacmid (Sfbac) and used to produce a mutant lacking open reading frame 29 (Sf29null). Sf29null bacmid DNA was able to generate an infection in S. frugiperda. Approximately six times less DNA was present in occlusion bodies (OBs) produced by the Sf29null bacmid in comparison to viruses containing this gene. This reduction in DNA content was consistent with fewer virus particles being packaged within Sf29null bacmid OBs, as determined by fractionation of dissolved polyhedra and comparison of occlusion-derived virus (ODV) infectivity in cell culture. DNA from Sfbac, Sf29null, or Sf29null-repair, in which the gene deletion had been repaired, were equally infectious when used to transfect S. frugiperda. All three viruses produced similar numbers of OBs, although those from Sf29null were 10-fold less infectious than viruses with the gene. Insects infected with Sf29null bacmid died ∼24 h later than positive controls, consistent with the reduced virus particle content of Sf29null OBs. Transcripts from Sf29 were detected in infected insects 12 h prior to those from the polyhedrin gene. Homologs to Sf29 were present in other group II NPVs, and similar sequences were present in entomopoxviruses. Analysis of the Sf29 predicted protein sequence revealed signal peptide and transmembrane domains, but the presence of 12 potential N-glycosylation sites suggest that it is not an ODV envelope protein. Other motifs, including zinc-binding and threonine-rich regions, suggest degradation and adhesion functions. We conclude that Sf29 is a viral factor that determines the number of ODVs occluded in each OB.

Molecular and Morphological characterization of multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus from Mexico and their insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Magali Ordóñez‐García ◽  
Claudio Rios‐Velasco ◽  
José de Jesús Ornelas‐Paz ◽  
Juan Carlos Bustillos‐Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Horacio Acosta‐Muñiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Insecticidal activity of essential oils in controlling fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Negrini ◽  
Elisangela Gomes Fidelis ◽  
Daniel Augusto Schurt ◽  
Francisco dos Santos Silva ◽  
Rosely Souza Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Insect Rearing ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora ◽  
Implementation Management

ABSTRACT: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the main pests in maize crop with developing resistance to chemical products and Bt technology. Therefore, alternative control methods such as essential oils are important steps in the implementation management strategies for this pest. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of essential oils (EOs) of Corymbia citriodora, Myrciaria dubia (Myrtaceae), Lippia microphylla (Verbenaceae) and Piper umbelattum (Piperaceae) in controlling S. frugiperda. The OEs were extracted and mortality tests were conducted with topic and volatile applications, in 30 second-instar caterpillars originated from insect rearing and artificial diet. As a control, we conducted tests with distilled water and acetone. EOs that provided mortality rates above 80% were submitted to chemical analysis for constituent identification. The efficient EOs were only those of C. citriodora and L. microphylla. For EO of C. citriodora, the LD80 was 7.06 ± 0.73 mg.g-1 in topical application and 5.85 ± 0.75 µL via volatile application. On the other hand, for EO of L. microphylla, DL80 was 9.95 ± 1.25 mg.g-1 in topical application and 18.56 ± 3.55 µL via volatile application. Chemical analysis showed that the main constituents were citronella for the EO of C. citriodora and (E)-caryophyllene and (E)-nerolidol to the EO of L. microphylla. EOs of C. citriodora and L. microphylla are promising for controlling S. frugiperda, with emphasis on the volatile effect of C. citriodora oil.

scholarly journals Spodoptera frugiperda resistance to oral infection by Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus linked to aberrant occlusion-derived virus binding in the midgut

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Haas-Stapleton ◽  
Jan O. Washburn ◽  
Loy E. Volkman
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Virus Binding ◽  
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Autographa Californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Spodoptera frugiperda larvae are highly resistant to oral infection by Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) (LD50, ∼9200 occlusions), but extremely susceptible to budded virus within the haemocoel (LD50, <1 p.f.u.). The inability of AcMNPV occlusion-derived virus (ODV) to establish primary infections readily within midgut cells accounts for a major proportion of oral resistance. To determine whether inappropriate binding of AcMNPV ODV to S. frugiperda midgut cells contributes to lack of oral infectivity, the binding and fusion properties of AcMNPV ODV were compared with those of the ODV of a new isolate of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV) obtained from a field-collected larva (oral LD50, 12 occlusions). By using a fluorescence-dequenching assay conducted in vivo, it was found that AcMNPV ODV bound to the midgut epithelia of S. frugiperda larvae at ∼15 % of the level of SfMNPV ODV, but that, once bound, the efficiencies of fusion for the two ODVs were similar: 60 % for AcMNPV and 53 % for SfMNPV. Whilst the difference in binding efficiencies was significant, it could not account entirely for the observed differences in infectivity. Competition experiments, however, revealed that, in S. frugiperda larvae, SfMNPV ODV bound to a midgut cell receptor that was not bound by AcMNPV ODV, indicating that ODV interaction with a specific receptor(s) was necessary for productive infection of midgut columnar epithelial cells. Fusion in the absence of this ligand–receptor interaction did not result in productive infections.

scholarly journals Influence of Adjacent and Border Crops on the Incidence of Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maize

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Shanmugam ◽  
M. Sangeetha ◽  
P. Ayyadurai ◽  
Y.G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

Background: Maize is one of the predominant millets cultivated in an area of 6500 ha both under drip and open irrigation systems in Dharmapuri district. The infestation of invasive insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda poses major threat to maize cultivation and increased the cost towards plant protection since 2018. In the integrated pest management strategies, the benefits of growing border and inter crop has been studied in detail but least emphasis was given to the crops grown in adjacent fields to the main crop. The cropping pattern in Dharmapuri district is highly diversified and the farmers prefer to grow more number of crops across the seasons compared to other maize growing areas. Methods: The present survey envisages the influence of adjacent and border crops on the incidence of fall armyworm in maize. The field incidence of fall armyworm in maize crop surrounded by other crops such as tapioca, nerium, cotton and maize fields with blackgram, cowpea and sesame as border crops were studied during kharif season of 2018 and 2019. Result: The maize fields surrounded by tapioca and nerium crop recorded lower fall armyworm incidence (3.00 - 10.00%) followed by field surrounded by tapioca on either side of maize (4.50 - 14.50%) during 15 to 60 days after emergence. Growing of border crops such as blackgram, sesame and cowpea recorded 24.50, 23.50 and 16.50% incidence at 60 DAE, respectively. With regard to grain yield, no marked variation was observed in different crop combination. The higher return (Rs. 86040/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.65) was observed in maize crop adjacent to tapioca and nerium crop. The lower net return (Rs. 75360/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.36) was realized in maize crop adjacent to maize crop. In most of the management strategies pulses have been inducted either border or intercrop to attract natural enemies and thwart the host insects. In the present survey, tapioca and nerium crop combination reduces the fall armyworm incidence. Hence tapioca and nerium crop combinations can be tried as border crop to push the fall armyworm away from the maize crop. The days required for advanced planting and crop combinations should be studied in detail to devise effective fall armyworm management strategies.

scholarly journals Characterization of AcMNPV with a deletion of ac69 gene

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Jianhao Ke ◽  
Jinwen Wang ◽  
Riqiang Deng ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Bei Jinlong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Viral Infectivity ◽  
Methyltransferase Activity ◽  
Budded Virus

<p>ORF69 (Ac69) of <em>Autographa californica</em> multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (Ac<em>M</em>NPV) is conserved in some baculovirus genomes. Although it has been shown that Ac69 has cap 0-dependent methyltransferase activity and is not required for budded virus production in <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em> Sf-9 cells, its role in occlusion-derived virus synthesis and virus oral infectivity is not known. This paper describes generation of an <em>ac69</em> knockout Ac<em>M</em>NPV bacmid mutant and analyses of the influence of <em>ac69</em> deletion on the viral infectivity in Sf-9 cells and <em>Trichoplusia ni</em> larvae so as to investigate the role of <em>ac69 in the viral life cycle. Results indicated that ac69</em> deletion has little effect on the production rates and morphogenesis of budded virus and occlusion-derived virus in Sf-9 cells. In addition, animal experiment revealed that the deletion mutant did not affect Ac<em>M</em>NPV infectivity for <em>Trichoplusia ni</em> larvae in LD<sub>50</sub> and LT<sub>50</sub> bioassay when administered orally. These results suggest that <em>ac69</em> may be dispensable for viral infectivity both in vitro and in vivo.</p>

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and pathogenicity of isolates of Beauveria spp. to fall armyworm

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Almeida Carneiro ◽  
Eliane Aparecida Gomes ◽  
Claudia Teixeira Guimarães ◽  
Fernando Tavares Fernandes ◽  
Newton Portilho Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Its Sequencing ◽  
Host Insect ◽  
Rdna Its

The objective of this work was to evaluate the pathogenicity of 24 Beauveria isolates to Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and characterize them molecularly through rDNA-ITS sequencing and RAPD markers. Sequencing of rDNA-ITS fragments of 570 bp allowed the identification of isolates as B. bassiana or B. brongniarti by sequence comparison to GenBank. Sixty seven polymorphic RAPD fragments were capable to differentiate 20 among 24 Beauveria isolates, grouping them according to the derived host insect and to pathogenicity against maize fall armyworm larvae. Three RAPD markers were highly associated to the pathogenicity against S. frugiperda, explaining up to 67% of the phenotypic variation. Besides identification and molecular characterization of Beauveria isolates, ITS sequence and RAPD markers proved to be very useful in selecting the isolates potentially effective against S. frugiperda larvae and in monitoring field release of these microorganisms in biocontrol programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document