scholarly journals Insecticidal activity of essential oils in controlling fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Negrini ◽  
Elisangela Gomes Fidelis ◽  
Daniel Augusto Schurt ◽  
Francisco dos Santos Silva ◽  
Rosely Souza Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Insect Rearing ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora ◽  
Implementation Management

ABSTRACT: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the main pests in maize crop with developing resistance to chemical products and Bt technology. Therefore, alternative control methods such as essential oils are important steps in the implementation management strategies for this pest. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of essential oils (EOs) of Corymbia citriodora, Myrciaria dubia (Myrtaceae), Lippia microphylla (Verbenaceae) and Piper umbelattum (Piperaceae) in controlling S. frugiperda. The OEs were extracted and mortality tests were conducted with topic and volatile applications, in 30 second-instar caterpillars originated from insect rearing and artificial diet. As a control, we conducted tests with distilled water and acetone. EOs that provided mortality rates above 80% were submitted to chemical analysis for constituent identification. The efficient EOs were only those of C. citriodora and L. microphylla. For EO of C. citriodora, the LD80 was 7.06 ± 0.73 mg.g-1 in topical application and 5.85 ± 0.75 µL via volatile application. On the other hand, for EO of L. microphylla, DL80 was 9.95 ± 1.25 mg.g-1 in topical application and 18.56 ± 3.55 µL via volatile application. Chemical analysis showed that the main constituents were citronella for the EO of C. citriodora and (E)-caryophyllene and (E)-nerolidol to the EO of L. microphylla. EOs of C. citriodora and L. microphylla are promising for controlling S. frugiperda, with emphasis on the volatile effect of C. citriodora oil.

scholarly journals Influence of Adjacent and Border Crops on the Incidence of Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maize

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Shanmugam ◽  
M. Sangeetha ◽  
P. Ayyadurai ◽  
Y.G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

Background: Maize is one of the predominant millets cultivated in an area of 6500 ha both under drip and open irrigation systems in Dharmapuri district. The infestation of invasive insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda poses major threat to maize cultivation and increased the cost towards plant protection since 2018. In the integrated pest management strategies, the benefits of growing border and inter crop has been studied in detail but least emphasis was given to the crops grown in adjacent fields to the main crop. The cropping pattern in Dharmapuri district is highly diversified and the farmers prefer to grow more number of crops across the seasons compared to other maize growing areas. Methods: The present survey envisages the influence of adjacent and border crops on the incidence of fall armyworm in maize. The field incidence of fall armyworm in maize crop surrounded by other crops such as tapioca, nerium, cotton and maize fields with blackgram, cowpea and sesame as border crops were studied during kharif season of 2018 and 2019. Result: The maize fields surrounded by tapioca and nerium crop recorded lower fall armyworm incidence (3.00 - 10.00%) followed by field surrounded by tapioca on either side of maize (4.50 - 14.50%) during 15 to 60 days after emergence. Growing of border crops such as blackgram, sesame and cowpea recorded 24.50, 23.50 and 16.50% incidence at 60 DAE, respectively. With regard to grain yield, no marked variation was observed in different crop combination. The higher return (Rs. 86040/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.65) was observed in maize crop adjacent to tapioca and nerium crop. The lower net return (Rs. 75360/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.36) was realized in maize crop adjacent to maize crop. In most of the management strategies pulses have been inducted either border or intercrop to attract natural enemies and thwart the host insects. In the present survey, tapioca and nerium crop combination reduces the fall armyworm incidence. Hence tapioca and nerium crop combinations can be tried as border crop to push the fall armyworm away from the maize crop. The days required for advanced planting and crop combinations should be studied in detail to devise effective fall armyworm management strategies.

scholarly journals An updated global COI barcode reference data set for Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and first record of this species in Bhutan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Mahat ◽  
Andrew Mitchell ◽  
Tshelthrim Zangpo
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Data Set

AbstractWe report the first detection of Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797), in Bhutan. FAW feeds on more than 300 plant species and is a serious pest of many. It has been spreading through Africa since 2016 and Asia since 2018. In Bhutan, this species was first detected in maize fields in the western part of the country in September 2019 and subsequently found infesting maize crop in southern parts of the country in December 2019 and April 2020. Using morphological and molecular techniques the presence of the first invading populations of S. frugiperda in Bhutan is confirmed through this study. We present an updated reference DNA barcode data set for FAW comprising 374 sequences, which can be used to reliably identify this serious pest species, and discuss some of the reasons why such compiled reference data sets are necessary, despite the publicly availability of the underlying data. We also report on a second armyworm species, the Northern Armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker, 1865), in rice, maize and other crops in eighteen districts of Bhutan.

scholarly journals Integrated pest management of fall armyworm infestations in maize fields in Nepal: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-591
Author(s):  
Sushil Khatri ◽  
Prakash Pakuwal ◽  
Saugat Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
The People

Spodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as Fall Armyworm (FAW), is amongst the most terrifying pests of maize in Latin America, which unexpectedly appeared in Nepal in 2019 and spread expeditiously. Estimates of maize crop losses due to this pest are vital in order to compare the effect of these losses with the convenient of controlling FAW and suggest pertinent controlling technology and methods. Nepal is predominantly an agrarian nation thus, maize is grown substantially. However, climatic conditions of Nepal favor the outbreaks of pests such as FAW in many maize grown areas. On the grounds that most of the people of hill and mountainous regions depend on maize for their staple food, pests have appeared to be a great threat to cereal production. It causes   considerable   injuries   to   maize   by   feeding   on   leaf whorls, ears and tassel which often leads to total yield loss.  Yet, agriculture is an economic activity, even among subsistence farmers in Nepal. Seeing high potential losses caused by FAW, different control methods have been proposed. This pest demands meticulous and stepwise plan for its management. This review emphasized on adoption of IPM methods of pests’ control, which is the integration of biological, cultural, physical, chemical, and technological approaches. Meanwhile, early warning systems, though poorly developed in Nepal, can be highlighted for further studies and for further research work.

scholarly journals Molecular and Biological Characterization of Spodoptera frugiperda Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus Field Isolate and Genotypes from China

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Chengfeng Lei ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Jia Hu ◽  
Xiulian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Cloning Method ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Colombian Isolate

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a new invading pest in China. The baculovirus Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV) is a pathogenic agent of the fall armyworm and a potential agent for its control in integrated pest management strategies. In this work, we analyze the molecular and biological characteristics of an SfMNPV isolate collected from maize in China (SfMNPV-Hub). Two genotypes were further isolated from SfMNPV-Hub by an in vivo cloning method. The PstI profile of one genotype (SfHub-A) was similar to genotype A of the SfMNPV Colombian isolate, and the other (SfHub-E) was similar to genotype E of the Colombian isolate. The bioactivity of SfHub-A against second-instar S. frugiperda larvae was not significantly different from that of SfMNPV-Hub, whereas SfHub-E was 2.7–5.5 fold less potent than SfMNPV-Hub. The speed of kill of SfHub-E was quicker than SfMNPV-Hub, while SfHub-A acted slower than SfMNPV-Hub. Occlusion body (OB) production of SfHub-A in an S. frugiperda cadaver was significantly higher than that of SfMNPV-Hub, while SfHub-E yielded far fewer occlusion bodies (OBs) in the host larvae. These results provide basic information for developing a virus-based pesticide against the invading pest S. frugiperda.

scholarly journals High-depth resequencing reveals hybrid population and insecticide resistance characteristics of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) invading China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Weigang Zheng ◽  
Conghui Liu ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Strain Identification ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Pyrethroid Pesticides

AbstractThe rapid wide-scale spread of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has caused serious crop losses globally. However, differences in the genetic background of subpopulations and the mechanisms of rapid adaptation behind the invasion are still not well understood. Here we report a 393.25-M chromosome-level genome assembly of fall armyworm with scaffold N50 of 13.3 M consisting of 23281 annotated protein-coding genes. Genome-wide resequencing of 105 samples from 16 provinces in China revealed that the fall armyworm population comprises a complex inter-strain hybrid, mainly with the corn-strain genetic background and less of the rice-strain genetic background, which highlights the inaccuracy of strain identification using mitochondrial or Tpi genes. An analysis of genes related to pesticide- and Bt-resistance showed that the risk of fall armyworm developing resistance to conventional pesticides is very high, while remaining currently susceptible to Bt toxins. Laboratory bioassay results showed that insects invading China carry resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides, but are sensitive to genetically modified maize expressing Cry1Ab in field experiments. Additionally, we found that two mitochondrial fragments are inserted into the nuclear genome, and the insertion event occurred after the differentiation of the two strains. This study represents a valuable advancement toward the analysis of genetic differences among subpopulations and improving management strategies for fall armyworm.

scholarly journals Curva de crecimiento poblacional de Spodoptera frugiperda en maíz en Irapuato, Guanajuato, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Alejandro Martínez Jaime ◽  
Manuel Darío Salas Araiza ◽  
José Antonio Díaz García
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Multiple Regression Technique ◽  
Programming Techniques ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. The objective of the study was to obtain the population growth curve (and its estimation) of the adults of S. frugiperda in the maize crop in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. Applying the multiple regression technique, the functional form of a third-degree polynomial was obtained, in terms of temperature and precipitation, using the monthly averages available from 1993 to 2002. The estimated equation was: Y = 821.347 – 104.728T + 2.737P + 3.448T2 – 0.019P2 – 0.180TP + 0.001TP2 (1), where T was the average monthly mean temperature, P was the average monthly accumulated precipitation, and Y was the average of adults of S. frugiperda per month. In addition, using standard mathematical programming techniques, the critical temperature and the critical precipitation were calculated (T=13.70 °C, P=38.70 mm) obtaining the average of maximum number of individuals of this specie per month, which was 39 adults. The prediction model (1) provided information to reach deep understanding of the fluctuation of this species population, and contributed, therefore, to make the integrated pest management in maize crop more efficient, in the region of “El Bajío” of Guanajuato.

scholarly journals Performance of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fed on Six Host Plants: Potential Risks to Mid-high Latitude Crops in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Jingfei Guo ◽  
Zupeng Gao ◽  
Kanglai He ◽  
Shuxiong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Affected Relative ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphggous and widespread insect pest. In the study, the biological characteristics and nutritional indices of S. frugiperda fed on six crops, namely corn, sorghum, wheat, soybean, peanut, and cotton, were investigated under laboratory conditions. These crops are cultivated mainly in the mid-high latitude of China. Results showed that S. frugiperda was able to develop and reproduce on all six tested plants. Larvae reared on corn exhibited a significant shorter larval and pupal duration, higher pupal weight, and higher fecundity, which were 16.2 d, 8.9 d, 0.248 g, and 979.4 eggs per female, respectively. The host plant significantly affected relative growth, consumption, and metabolic rates, as well as other nutritional indices. Biology and nutritional indexes suggested that corn was the most suitable host. Besides, peanut, sorghum, and wheat have also been shown to be the suitable hosts for S. frugiperda. Although cotton and soybean were found to be less adequate, high larval and pupal survivors recorded on cotton and soybean leaves have indicated that damage may occur in these plants. This work reveals the damage risk of potential hosts of S. frugiperda, lays the foundation for the design of pest management strategies.

scholarly journals Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda : An invasive pest of Maize Omprakash Navik* and Jagadeesh Patil

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omprakash Navik ◽  
Jagadeesh Patil
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is an invasive pest of maize and first time reported in July 2018 from Karnataka, India. Presently, this pest has made havoc on maize crop in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh. This pest is an American origin and polyphagous in nature feeds on more than 80 plant species. It prefers to feed on maize crop, however in the absence of maize it feeds on sugarcane, sorghum, rice, cabbage, soybean, onion, tomato, potato and cotton. Life cycle of this pest completes within 32 to 46 days on maize under the favorable conditions. First two instars of S. frugiperda feed on the leaves and later instars moves inside the leaf whorl and starts feeding by leaving frass around the damaged area. For the management of this pest, an adaptation of integrated pest management approach is needed. Integrating, bioagents like egg parasistoids, Trichogramma pretiosum and Telenomus sp. and for larval stages by entompathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae, Nomuraea rileyi (=Metarhizium rileyi, bacteria, (Bt) and entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis indica are useful options. However, need based application of insecticides like emamectin benzoate can be used for successful management of this pest.

scholarly journals Genomic and transcriptomic analysis unveils population evolution and development of pesticide resistance in fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furong Gui ◽  
Tianming Lan ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Yang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Strain Identification ◽  
Pesticide Resistance ◽  
P450 Gene ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Close Relationship

Abstract The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive pest native to America and has recently become an invasive insect pest in China. Because of its rapid spread and great risks in China, understanding of FAW genetic background and pesticide resistance is urgent and essential to develop effective management strategies. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level genome of a male FAW (SFynMstLFR) and compared re-sequencing results of the populations from America, Africa, and China. Strain identification of 163 individuals collected from America, Africa and China showed that both C and R strains were found in the American populations, while only C strain was found in the Chinese and African populations. Moreover, population genomics analysis showed that populations from Africa and China have close relationship with significantly genetic differentiation from American populations. Taken together, FAWs invaded into China were most likely originated from Africa. Comparative genomics analysis displayed that the cytochrome p450 gene family is extremely expanded to 425 members in FAW, of which 283 genes are specific to FAW. Treatments of Chinese populations with twenty-three pesticides showed the variant patterns of transcriptome profiles, and several detoxification genes such as AOX, UGT and GST specially responded to the pesticides. These findings will be useful in developing effective strategies for management of FAW in China and other invaded areas.

scholarly journals First report of Telenomus remus parasitizing Spodoptera frugiperda and its field parasitism in southern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Lin Liao ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Miao-Feng Xu ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
De-Sen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Telenomus Remus

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a lepidopteran pest that feeds on many economically important cereal crops such as corn, rice, sorghum, and sugarcane. Native to the Americas, it has become a serious invasive pest in Africa and Asia. Recently, this pest was found in China and has spread quickly across the country. As S. frugiperda will most likely become a major pest in China, Integrated Pest Management strategies, including biological control methods, should be developed to manage its populations. Here, we report the detection of Telenomus remus parasitizing S. frugiperda eggs in cornfields in southern China based on morphological and molecular evidence. Our preliminary surveys indicated that the parasitism rates of T. remus on S. frugiperda could reach 30% and 50% for egg masses and per egg mass, respectively. Further application of T. remus against S. frugiperda in biological control programs are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document