scholarly journals Modeling Human Cardiac Arrhythmias: Insights from Zebrafish

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Sébastien Gauvrit ◽  
Jaclyn Bossaer ◽  
Joyce Lee ◽  
Michelle M. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
New Models ◽  
Public Health Challenges

Cardiac arrhythmia, or irregular heart rhythm, is associated with morbidity and mortality and is described as one of the most important future public health challenges. Therefore, developing new models of cardiac arrhythmia is critical for understanding disease mechanisms, determining genetic underpinnings, and developing new therapeutic strategies. In the last few decades, the zebrafish has emerged as an attractive model to reproduce in vivo human cardiac pathologies, including arrhythmias. Here, we highlight the contribution of zebrafish to the field and discuss the available cardiac arrhythmia models. Further, we outline techniques to assess potential heart rhythm defects in larval and adult zebrafish. As genetic tools in zebrafish continue to bloom, this model will be crucial for functional genomics studies and to develop personalized anti-arrhythmic therapies.

scholarly journals Novel therapeutic approaches for chronic kidney disease due to glomerular disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. F63-F65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Del Nogal-Avila ◽  
Hector Donoro-Blazquez ◽  
Manish K. Saha ◽  
Caroline B. Marshall ◽  
Lionel C. Clement ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Toxic Drugs ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Improved understanding of glomerular disease mechanisms over the past decade has led to the emergence of new and targeted therapeutic strategies for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most promising among these are the administration of recombinant mutated human angiopoietin-like 4, sialic acid-related sugars that induce sialylation in vivo, compounds related to Bis-T-23, and immune depletion of the soluble urokinase receptor from the circulation. Taking these therapeutic strategies into clinical trials will be the first step away from repurposed and relatively toxic drugs currently used for treating kidney disease.

Public health challenges in hepatitis C virus infection

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (5 (Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. E83-E90 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M Kaldor ◽  
Gregory J Dore ◽  
Patricia Kl Correll
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Public Health Challenges

scholarly journals Tumor-associated macrophages: potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects in cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001341
Author(s):  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
Xiaofei Xu ◽  
Shuhua Wei ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Lixiang Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Tumor Immunotherapy ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages

Macrophages are the most important phagocytes in vivo. However, the tumor microenvironment can affect the function and polarization of macrophages and form tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Usually, the abundance of TAMs in tumors is closely associated with poor prognosis. Preclinical studies have identified important pathways regulating the infiltration and polarization of TAMs during tumor progression. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs in tumors have been studied, including inhibition of macrophage recruitment to tumors, functional repolarization of TAMs toward an antitumor phenotype, and other therapeutic strategies that elicit macrophage-mediated extracellular phagocytosis and intracellular destruction of cancer cells. Therefore, with the increasing impact of tumor immunotherapy, new antitumor strategies to target TAMs are now being discussed.

Combretum lanceolatum extract reverses anxiety and seizure behavior in adult zebrafish through GABAergic neurotransmission: an in vivo and in silico study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Antonio Wlisses da Silva ◽  
Maria Kueirislene A. Ferreira ◽  
Lucas Ramos Pereira ◽  
Emanuela L. Rebouças ◽  
Marnielle Rodrigues Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Gabaergic Neurotransmission ◽  
In Silico Study ◽  
Combretum Lanceolatum

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Face Coverings in Mitigating the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3666
Author(s):  
Olukayode James Ayodeji ◽  
Seshadri Ramkumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Effective Preventive Measure

The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the biggest public health challenges of the 21st century. Many prevalent measures have been taken to prevent its spread and protect the public. However, the use of face coverings as an effective preventive measure remains contentious. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of face coverings as a protective measure. We examined the effectiveness of face coverings between 1 April and 31 December 2020. This was accomplished by analyzing trends of daily new COVID-19 cases, cumulative confirmed cases, and cases per 100,000 people in different U.S. states, including the District of Columbia. The results indicated a sharp change in trends after face covering mandates. For the 32 states with face covering mandates, 63% and 66% exhibited a downward trend in confirmed cases within 21 and 28 days of implementation, respectively. We estimated that face covering mandates in the 32 states prevented approximately 78,571 and 109,703 cases within 21- and 28-day periods post face covering mandate, respectively. A statistically significant (p = 0.001) negative correlation (−0.54) was observed between the rate of cases and days since the adoption of a face covering mandate. We concluded that the use of face coverings can provide necessary protection if they are properly used.

scholarly journals Phage-Encoded Endolysins

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Fatma Abdelrahman ◽  
Maheswaran Easwaran ◽  
Oluwasegun I. Daramola ◽  
Samar Ragab ◽  
Stephanie Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Crucial Information

Due to the global emergence of antibiotic resistance, there has been an increase in research surrounding endolysins as an alternative therapeutic. Endolysins are phage-encoded enzymes, utilized by mature phage virions to hydrolyze the cell wall from within. There is significant evidence that proves the ability of endolysins to degrade the peptidoglycan externally without the assistance of phage. Thus, their incorporation in therapeutic strategies has opened new options for therapeutic application against bacterial infections in the human and veterinary sectors, as well as within the agricultural and biotechnology sectors. While endolysins show promising results within the laboratory, it is important to document their resistance, safety, and immunogenicity for in-vivo application. This review aims to provide new insights into the synergy between endolysins and antibiotics, as well as the formulation of endolysins. Thus, it provides crucial information for clinical trials involving endolysins.

scholarly journals Prion Diseases: A Unique Transmissible Agent or a Model for Neurodegenerative Diseases?

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Diane L. Ritchie ◽  
Marcelo A. Barria
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Misfolded Proteins ◽  
Current Evidence

The accumulation and propagation in the brain of misfolded proteins is a pathological hallmark shared by many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (Aβ and tau), Parkinson’s disease (α-synuclein), and prion disease (prion protein). Currently, there is no epidemiological evidence to suggest that neurodegenerative disorders are infectious, apart from prion diseases. However, there is an increasing body of evidence from experimental models to suggest that other pathogenic proteins such as Aβ and tau can propagate in vivo and in vitro in a prion-like mechanism, inducing the formation of misfolded protein aggregates such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Such similarities have raised concerns that misfolded proteins, other than the prion protein, could potentially transmit from person-to-person as rare events after lengthy incubation periods. Such concerns have been heightened following a number of recent reports of the possible inadvertent transmission of Aβ pathology via medical and surgical procedures. This review will provide a historical perspective on the unique transmissible nature of prion diseases, examining their impact on public health and the ongoing concerns raised by this rare group of disorders. Additionally, this review will provide an insight into current evidence supporting the potential transmissibility of other pathogenic proteins associated with more common neurodegenerative disorders and the potential implications for public health.

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