scholarly journals Treatment Guidelines for PTSD: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4175
Author(s):  
Alicia Martin ◽  
Mark Naunton ◽  
Sam Kosari ◽  
Gregory Peterson ◽  
Jackson Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Targeted Treatment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
First Line ◽  
Agree Ii

Background: The aim of this review was to assess the quality of international treatment guidelines for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and identify differences between guideline recommendations, with a focus on the treatment of nightmares. Methods: Guidelines were identified through electronic searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase and Science Direct, as well as web-based searches of international guideline repositories, websites of psychiatric organisations and targeted web-searches for guidelines from the three most populous English-speaking countries in each continent. Data in relation to recommendations were extracted and the AGREE II criteria were applied to assess for quality. Results: Fourteen guidelines, published between 2004 -2020, were identified for inclusion in this review. Only five were less than 5 years old. Three guidelines scored highly across all AGREE II domains, while others varied between domains. Most guidelines consider both psychological and pharmacological therapies as first-line in PTSD. All but one guideline recommended cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as first-line psychological treatment, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as first-line pharmacological treatment. Most guidelines do not mention the targeted treatment of nightmares as a symptom of PTSD. Prazosin is discussed in several guidelines for the treatment of nightmares, but recommendations vary widely. Most PTSD guidelines were deemed to be of good quality; however, many could be considered out of date. Recommendations for core PTSD symptoms do not differ greatly between guidelines. However, despite the availability of targeted treatments for nightmares, most guidelines do not adequately address this. Conclusions: Guidelines need to be kept current to maintain clinical utility. Improvements are most needed in the AGREE II key domains of ‘applicability’, ‘rigour of development’ and ‘stakeholder involvement’. Due to the treatment-resistant nature of nightmares, guideline development groups should consider producing more detailed recommendations for their targeted treatment. More high-quality trials are also required to provide a solid foundation for making these clinical recommendations for the management of nightmares in PTSD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) on the management of female chronic pelvic pain (CPP) using the AGREE II instrument

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishalli Ghai ◽  
Venkatesh Subramanian ◽  
Haider Jan ◽  
Jemina Loganathan ◽  
Stergios K. Doumouchtsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Muscular Dysfunction ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Variations in guidelines may result in differences in treatments and potentially poorer health-related outcomes. We aimed to systematically review and evaluate the quality of national and international guidelines and create an inventory of CPG recommendations on CPP. Methods We searched EMBASE and MEDLINE databases from inception till August 2020 as well as websites of professional organizations and societies. We selected national and international CPGs reporting on the diagnosis and management of female CPP. We included six CPGs. Five researchers independently assessed the quality of included guidelines using the AGREE II tool and extracted recommendations. Results Two hundred thirty-two recommendations were recorded and grouped into six categories: diagnosis, medical treatment, surgical management, behavioural interventions, complementary/alternative therapies and education/research. Thirty-nine (17.11%) recommendations were comparable including: a comprehensive pain history, a multi-disciplinary approach, attributing muscular dysfunction as a cause of CPP and an assessment of quality of life. Two guidelines acknowledged sexual dysfunction associated with CPP and recommended treatment with pelvic floor exercises and behavioural interventions. All guidelines recommended surgical management; however, there was no consensus regarding adhesiolysis, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy during hysterectomy, neurectomy and laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation. Half of recommendations (106, 46.49%) were unreferenced or made in absence of good-quality evidence or supported by expert opinion. Based on the AGREE II assessment, two guidelines were graded as high quality and recommended without modifications (EAU and RCOG). Guidelines performed poorly in the “Applicability”, “Editorial Independence” and “Stakeholder Involvement” domains. Conclusion Majority of guidelines were of moderate quality with significant variation in recommendations and quality of guideline development.

Psychotherapy and refugees

2021 ◽  
pp. 493-502
Author(s):  
Francesca Brady ◽  
Cornelius Katona ◽  
Eileen Walsh ◽  
Katy Robjant
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Model Of Care ◽  
Narrative Exposure Therapy ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Post Traumatic

This chapter explores effective psychotherapeutic interventions for treating post-traumatic stress disorder in adult vulnerable migrants, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and narrative exposure therapy. An overview of the evidence for these treatments is discussed, as well as how these can be implemented effectively for vulnerable migrants who face ongoing instability and uncertainty, as well as multiple barriers to accessing appropriate treatment. The additional needs of vulnerable migrants are therefore also highlighted. The chapter proposes that to assist individuals effectively in recovering from their traumatic experiences, support must be offered to address these needs, alongside any psychological treatment. A service case example is presented to highlight how an integrated model of care can most effectively meet the needs of vulnerable migrants.

Guidelines

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiya Zhang ◽  
Michael Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
First Line ◽  
Complementary Medicines ◽  
Stratified Care ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Number Of Treatment ◽  
Surgical Treatments

A number of treatment guidelines have been developed to optimize the treatment of osteoarthritis, some of which were recently updated. Fifty-one non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical treatments are addressed in these guidelines but only two (oral opioid and intra-articular steroid injection) reach the minimal clinically important difference above placebo. Recommendations for these treatments vary depending on joint sites, risk:benefit ratio, and population. Exercise, self-management, and weight reduction if obese are universally recommended. While topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain a safe first-line drug option, the safety of paracetamol, the universally recommended first-line oral analgesic is increasingly questioned. Other analgesics such as oral NSAIDs (including selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors), opioids, and antidepressants should be used according to patient characteristics and comorbidities. Nutraceuticals and complementary medicines remain controversial. While lavage is not recommended, total joint replacement is still considered as an effective treatment for the later stage of the disease irrespective of lack of placebo (sham) controlled trials. Stratified care has been attempted for recommendation according to joint affected and comorbidities but there is no evidence to support whether this can improve treatment outcomes. Guideline development groups differ in their composition and methodology. While the overall quality of guidelines has been improved, their applicability remains poor. Of the various factors that may influence implementation, suboptimal publishing and the efficacy paradox need to be recognized as important barriers.

scholarly journals Applicability of the AGREE II Instrument in Evaluating the Development Process and Quality of Current National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Guidelines

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1426-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C Don-Wauchope ◽  
John L Sievenpiper ◽  
Stephen A Hill ◽  
Alfonso Iorio
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Biochemistry ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Agree Ii Instrument

Abstract BACKGROUND Laboratory medicine practice guidelines (LMPGs) are an important part of clinical laboratory medicine. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument has been developed to evaluate the process of practice-guideline development and the quality of reporting. We assessed the applicability of AGREE II in assessing the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB) LMPGs. METHODS The NACB website was searched for all available LMPGs up to December 2011. Two independent appraisers used the AGREE II instrument to assess each LMPG identified by the search. Quality was assessed across 6 domains (scope and purpose, stakeholder involvement, rigor of development, clarity of presentation, applicability, and editorial independence), comprising a total of 23 items and 2 overall assessments, each scored on a 7-point scale (1, strongly disagree, to 7, strongly agree). All scores were expressed as AGREE II calculated percentages (100% indicates that all items scored 7 by all appraisers). RESULTS Eleven LMPGs were identified. All of the LMPGs provided some information seen as applicable to clinical practice by the appraisers. Only 5 of the LMPGs had overall scores ≥50%, with a median score of 42% (range: 8%–92%). Individual domain scores varied considerably from 0% to 100%. One guideline achieved a very high score on the instrument. CONCLUSIONS The AGREE II instrument is applicable and useful to evaluate LMPGs. All domains were evaluated as being useful to assess LMPGs, some were addressed well (e.g., clarity of presentation), whereas others could be improved (e.g., applicability).

scholarly journals The Treatment of Sleep Disturbances in the PTSD Patient

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Kimberly Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Troubles Du Sommeil ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Il Y A

ABSTRACT:Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating anxiety disorder that develops in 25-30% of individuals exposed to a traumatic event. Sleep disturbances (i.e. nightmares and restless sleep) are common symptoms of PTSD, affecting approximately 70-87% of patients. Studies have shown that improving sleep disturbances improves disease severity and therapeutic outcomes. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered first-line therapies for PTSD, sleep disturbances often remain refractory and require additional therapies for their resolution. Discussion: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological modalities are available for the treatment of PTSD sleep disturbances. Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is well supported to alleviate sleep disturbances, studies have shown patient drop-out by the time of long-term follow-up, suggesting CBT may be viewed as challenging to complete. Under these circumstances, the use of pharmacological therapies can be considered independently or in adjunct. Conflicting evidence surrounds the benefit of SSRIs in the treatment of sleep disturbances. Moreover, there is limited research surrounding the use of trazodone in this patient population. Benzodiazepines are poorly supported and the side effect profile of atypical antipsychotics limits their routine use. Prazosin holds the most promise and is the most well supported pharmacological agent in the literature. Nabilone, although a controversial agent, also holds promise of benefit. Conclusions: Several pharmacological and behavioural therapies are available to treat PTSD sleep disturbances. However, the evidence supporting any of these modalities as being superior is limited. Larger, randomized controlled trials are needed to gain a greater understanding of efficacious therapies available to address this clinical problem. RÉSUMÉ:Introduction: Le trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) s’avère un trouble d’anxiété qui se développe chez 25 à 30% des individus qui sont exposés à des évènements traumatiques. Les troubles du sommeil tels que les cauchemars et l’insomnie sont des symptômes typiques du TSPT qui affectent entre 70 et 87% des patients. Plusieurs études démontrent qu’une amélioration des troubles du sommeil peut diminuer la sévérité du TSPT et augmenter l’effet thérapeutique. Malgré le fait que les inhibiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de sérotonine (ISRS) demeurent la première ligne de traitement pour le TSPT, les troubles du sommeil demeurent un symptôme important et des thérapies additionnelles sont nécessaires pour leur résolution. Discussion: Les modalités pharmacologiques et non pharmacologiques sont disponibles pour le traitement des problèmes du sommeil associés au TSPT. Malgré le fait que la thérapie cognitivo comportementale (TCC) a démontré des effets positifs pour minimiser les symptômes de troubles du sommeil, les études démontrent que les patients ont de la difficulté à respecter les critères de l’étude lorsqu’ils sont évalués au suivi, suggérant que la thérapie TCC est difficile à compléter. L’utilisation de la pharmacothérapie peut se faire de façon indépendante ou combinée à la TCC. Il y a des preuves contradictoires au sujet des bénéfices associés aux ISRS dans le traitement des troubles du sommeil. De plus, il y a des preuves limitées au sujet de l’utilisation de trazodone dans cette population cible de patients. Les benzodiazépines ne sont pas très bien tolérées par les patients à cause de leurs effets secondaires, ce qui limite leur utilisation. La prazosine donne de bons résultats et demeure l’agent pharmacologique le plus recommandé dans la littérature scientifique. Le nabilone, toutefois, est un agent controversé qui semble démontrer beaucoup de bienfaits potentiels. Conclusion: Plusieurs thérapies pharmacologiques et comportementales sont accessibles pour aider aux problèmes du sommeil reliés au TSPT. Toutefois, les preuves des bienfaits de ces modalités de traitement sont limitées. Des résultats d’essais aléatoires contrôlés à plus grande échelle sont nécessaires afin de mieux comprendre l’efficacité des thérapies qui sont disponibles dans le but d’optimiser le soin des patients atteints de troubles du sommeil.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of clinical guidelines for the treatment of obesity in adults: application of the AGREE II instrument

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Cardoso dos Reis ◽  
Sonia Regina Lambert Passos ◽  
Maria Angelica Borges dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Canadian Guideline ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Agree Ii Instrument

There are various guidelines for the treatment of obesity, and thus the quality of these clinical guidelines has become a matter of concern. The objective was to describe and assess the quality of clinical guidelines for treatment of obesity in adults. We collected several studies, dated from 1998 to 2016, produced by different countries. The literature search included the National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), Guidelines International Network (GIN), PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, webpages of health institutions from different countries, and search sites, with the criterion: “clinical guidelines for treatment of obesity in adults and published until the 2016”. The guidelines were assessed with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE II), according to the domains of the instrument. The search identified 21 guidelines: nine from Europe, six from North America, three from Latin America, and one each from Asia and Oceania and a transnational association. The Australian guideline had the best assessment. Of the six guidelines with the highest scores, five had been elaborated by the government sector responsible for the country’s health. The domains “scope and purpose” and “clarity of presentation” had the highest score. Except for the Canadian guideline, the three guidelines drafted before the elaboration of AGREE II had the worst quality. In the domain “stakeholder involvement”, only four guidelines (Australia, Scotland, France, and England) mentioned patient participation. Guideline development and quality enhancement are ongoing processes requiring systematic appraisal of the guideline production process and existing guidelines.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder: new directions in pharmacotherapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Green
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Randomised Controlled

SummaryAs many as 10% of the population experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some time in their lives. It often runs a severe, chronic and treatment-resistant course. This article reviews the evidence base for typically recommended treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It tabulates the major randomised controlled trials of SSRIs and trauma-focused CBT and reviews research on novel treatments such as ketamine, MDMA, quetiapine, propranolol and prazosin.

scholarly journals Updates on Pharmacological Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (206) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishav Koirala ◽  
Erik Ganesh Iyer Søegaard ◽  
Suraj Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
First Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder affects a significant proportion of those who have been exposed to exceptionally threatening or catastrophic events or situations such as earthquakes, rape and civil war. The condition can often become chronic and disabling. Medical intervention can therefore be of paramount importance. There are no national guidelines for trauma disorders in Nepal and there is a lack of adequate knowledge regarding drug treatment of PTSD among doctors and other service providers. Though psychotherapy is internationally regarded as the first line treatment for PTSD, it is often not feasible in Nepal due to lack of resources and skilled health workers in this field. The use of right psycho-pharmacotherapy is therefore important to reduce the burden of disease. A wide range of pharmacotherapy has been tested in the treatment of PTSD. This article is based on a selected sample of relevant articles from PubMed, PsycINFO, national guidelines from other countries and our own clinical experience. We have tried to give a concise and practical review regarding the use of drugs, their side effects and available evidence in the treatment of PTSD. The main findings point to use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors as the first line pharmacotherapy, and they can have effect on the full range of symptoms in PTSD. SNRIs show similar efficacy. Adjuvant drugs like Alpha-blockers and atypical antipsychotics have shown strong evidence in treating partially remitted cases and resolving ancillary symptoms. Keywords: Antidepressive Agents; Drug Therapy; Post-Traumatic; Psychotropic Drugs; Stress Disorder. [PubMed]

scholarly journals Integrating approaches for quality guideline development in LactaMap, an online lactation care support system

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Boss ◽  
Jennifer Turner ◽  
Patrick Boss ◽  
Peter Hartmann ◽  
Douglas Pritchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Support System ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Domain Score ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Care Support

Abstract Background Health professionals caring for women and infants experiencing difficulty with breastfeeding have reported deficiencies in evidence-based lactation knowledge. LactaMap is an online lactation care support system with more than 100 clinical practice guidelines to support breastfeeding care. Clinical practice guidelines support medical decision-making by summarising scientific evidence into systematically developed statements for specific clinical circumstances. Both common-sense and theory-based approaches have been used for guideline development and debate continues regarding which is superior. LactaMap clinical practice guidelines were created over the course of 5 years using a common-sense approach that was refined inductively. The aim of this study was to incorporate a theory-based framework approach into the methodology for ongoing update and review of LactaMap clinical practice guidelines. Methods The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument was chosen as the framework-based approach to appraise LactaMap guideline quality. The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase appraised all 103 original LactaMap guidelines. The second phase appraised a subset of 15 updated LactaMap guidelines using improved methodology guided by phase 1, as well as 15 corresponding original (un-updated) guidelines. Results Mean Domain scores for 103 LactaMap original guidelines were above 75% in 3 of the 6 AGREE II quality Domains and no mean Domain score rated poorly. Update of guideline methodology was guided by phase 1 appraisals. Improved documentation of methods relating to questions in the Rigour of Development Domain resulted in improvement in mean Domain score from 39 to 72%. Conclusions This study showed that a theory-based approach to guideline development methodology can be readily integrated with a common-sense approach. Factors identified by AGREE II theory-based framework provided practical guidance for changes in methodology that were integrated prior to LactaMap website publication. Demonstration of high quality in LactaMap clinical practice guideline methodology ensures clinicians and the public can have trust that the content founded on them is robust, scientific and of highest possible quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document