scholarly journals A Multi-Scale Method for Designing Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Composite Drive Shafts with Carbon Nanotube Inclusions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Stelios K. Georgantzinos ◽  
Panagiotis A. Antoniou ◽  
Stylianos I. Markolefas
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Drive Shaft ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite

In this paper, the modal and linear buckling analysis of a laminated composite drive shaft reinforced by 11 multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was carried out using an analytical approach, as well as the finite element method (FEM). The theoretical model is based on classical laminated theory (CLT). The fundamental frequency and the critical buckling torque were determined for different fiber orientation angles. The Halpin–Tsai model was employed to calculate the elastic modulus of composites having randomly oriented nanotubes. The effect of various carbon nanotube (CNT) volume fractions in the epoxy resin matrix on the material properties of unidirectional composite laminas was also analyzed. The fundamental frequency and the critical buckling torque obtained by the finite element analysis and the analytical method for different fiber orientation angles were in good agreement with each other. The results were verified with data available in the open literature, where possible. For the first time in the literature, the influence of CNT fillers on various composite drive shaft design parameters such as the fundamental frequency, critical speed, and critical buckling torque of a hybrid fiber-reinforced composite drive shaft is finally predicted.

Analysis of periodic laminated fiber-reinforced composite beams in free vibration

2021 ◽  
pp. 107754632110286
Author(s):  
Peter L Bishay ◽  
Julian Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Laminated Shell ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite

The dynamic behavior of solid structures is an important aspect that must be considered in the design phase to ensure that the designed structure will have desired response under external excitation. Periodic structures offer various design possibilities that can tailor the dynamic behavior of the structure to match the desired response under a given applied excitation. The use of laminated fiber-reinforced composite materials in periodic structures further increases the design degrees of freedom by introducing new design parameters, such as the number of plies in each periodic patch and their fiber-orientation angles. In this article, the classical lamination theory is integrated with the forward approach of the wave finite element method to analyze periodic fiber-reinforced composite beams in flexural vibration. Since Euler–Bernoulli’s beam theory is used, the proposed approach is much simpler and computationally efficient than using laminated shell finite elements. The article shows the effects of the number of periodic cells, the segment length ratio, the number of plies in each periodic patch, and their fiber-orientation on the first stop band of the beam. The results reported can guide the design of such structures to attenuate vibration amplitudes at specific target frequency bands and avoid undesired dynamic responses. Results have been validated in the 0–2000 Hz frequency range by comparison with finite element laminated shell models.

Robotic Manufacturing of Near-Net Shaped Short-Fiber Reinforced Composites With Functional Properties

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony Paul ◽  
Jeffery M. Gallagher ◽  
Raymond J. Cipra ◽  
Thomas Siegmund
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Geometric Data ◽  
Reinforced Composite

Fiber reinforced composite materials are now frequently being used over conventional materials for their ability to achieve tailored properties and performance characteristics. With the recent advancements in manufacturing techniques, short-fiber composites are coming into prominence in this sector, with their cost advantage and their capability for large throughput. Randomness of fiber orientation is inherent to short fiber composite manufacturing processes. In order to effectively manipulate the mechanical properties of a short-fiber reinforced composite, it is imperative to adequately control the orientation of the fibers during the deposition stage. A process is currently developed to acquire geometrical data of the target object and to utilize it to create a short-fiber reinforced component with controlled fiber orientation. The topological data acquisition of the object is made possible using non-contact 3D imaging techniques. The geometric data is then transferred to a commercial CAD package for the added capability to manipulate the geometry as may be required for specific applications. Subsequently, geometric data constitutes the basis of path planning for the tooling processes. In our process, a novel rapidly re-configurable tooling and molding technology is employed by which a 6-axis robotic arm is used to sculpt a pin-device vacuum surface. After the tooling is completed, the robotic arm will use a deposition nozzle to orient a steady stream of initially random short-fiber from a feeder into a unidirectional output, onto the tool surface. By controlling the position and orientation of the deposition nozzle, it is possible to control the orientation and density of fiber in each section of the near-net shaped composite pre-form. The fiber pre-form is then impregnated with a suitable matrix medium and cured to create the required component. The outlined process is thus capable of manufacturing a near-net shaped short-fiber reinforced component with highly specific mechanical properties. One of the many applications envisaged using this process is the manufacture of custom form-fitting braces, masks and guards for use in healthcare products. A patient intervention can have his or her features acquired using stereo-imaging and have corrective measures incorporated into the device prior to manufacturing. By controlling the orientation and density of the fiber at different portions of the device, it is possible to provide adequate support at specific areas or to restrict movement in specific directions while providing compliance to movement in the others.

scholarly journals Fiber Reinforced Composite Based Functionally Gradient Materials

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 096369359800700 ◽  
Author(s):  
VK Ganesh ◽  
S Ramakrishna ◽  
HJ Leck
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Gradient Material ◽  
Material System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Functionally Gradient

A method of fabricating fiber-reinforced composite based functionally gradient material is described in this paper. The material has continuously varying mechanical properties along the length. The continuous variation of the mechanical properties is achieved by continuously varying the fiber orientation using the braiding process. The test results indicate an elastic modulus increase by about 42% from the largest braid angle to the smallest braid angle for the material system and the orientation angle considered in the present study.

Numerical Simulation of the Orthogonal Cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Material

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 1246-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Kai Li ◽  
Dong Lu ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Yong Bo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Fiber Orientation Angle ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

This work is focused on the study of orthogonal cutting of carbon fiber reinforced composite. A model based on finite element was developed. Through defining ultimate stresses of fiber tension cracking and fiber compression bucking, ultimate stresses of matrix longitudinal tensile and shear damage. Cutting forces obtained from the FE simulation matches well with the experimental observations. Than analysis cracking and crushing phenomenon of matrix in different fiber orientation, the influence of fiber orientation on sub-surface damage was studied, it shows that the cracking of sub-surface damage value increased with the increase of fiber orientation angle.

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