Exploring Deep-Sea Biodiversity in the Porcupine Bank (NE Atlantic) through Fish Integrative Taxonomy

This study combined morphological and molecular approaches to the species assignment of several rare or poorly known deep-water fishes caught between 549 and 1371 m depth during a Spanish bottom trawl survey in the Porcupine Bank, west of Ireland. The following fish species were identified: Nessorhamphus ingolfianus (Schmidt, 1912), Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905), Scopelosaurus lepidus (Krefft and Maul 1955), Bathypterois dubius Vaillant, 1888, Evermannella balbo (Risso, 1820), Antimora rostrata (Günther, 1878), Melanonus zugmayeri Norman, 1930, Lyconus brachycolus Holt and Byrne, 1906; Paraliparis hystrix Merrett, 1983, Neocyttus helgae (Holt and Byrne, 1908); Platyberyx opalescens Zugmayer, 1911; Howella atlantica Post and Quéro, 1991, Lycodes terraenovae Collett, 1896 and Pseudoscopelus altipinnis Parr, 1933. The presence of L. brachycolus, P. opalescens and P. altipinnis is reported for the first time in the Bank. The DNA barcoding results were largely consistent with morphological identification in 10 species but four did not fit the current taxonomy, indicating cases of potential cryptic speciation, misidentification, synonymy or recent diversification. Among them, the results strongly suggest that P. garmani and P. hystrix are conspecific, making P. hystrix a junior synonym of P. garmani.

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Natural enemies of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccoidae) in Chile: molecular and morphological identification

10.1101/429357 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

P. Amouroux ◽

D. Crochard ◽

M.C.G. Correa ◽

G. Groussier ◽

P. Kreiter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

Scale Insects ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Correct Identification ◽

Predator Species ◽

Control Programs ◽

First Time

AbstractScale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) are key pests of agricultural crops and ornamental plants worldwide. Their populations are difficult to control, even with insecticides, due to their cryptic habits. Moreover, there is growing concern over the use of synthetic pesticides for their control, due to deleterious environmental effects and the emergence of resistant populations of target pests. In this context, biological control may be an effective and sustainable approach. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea includes natural enemies of scale insects that have been successfully used in many biological control programs. However, the correct identification of pest scale species and their natural enemies is particularly challenging because these insects are very small and highly specialized. Integrative taxonomy, coupling DNA barcoding and morphological analysis, has been successfully used to characterize pests and natural enemy species. In this study, we performed a survey of parasitoids and predators of armored and soft scales in Chile, based on 28S and COI barcodes. Fifty-three populations of Diaspididae and 79 populations of Coccidae were sampled over the entire length of the country, from Arica (18°S) to Frutillar (41°S), between January 2015 and February 2016. The phylogenetic relationships obtained by Bayesian inference from multilocus haplotypes revealed 40 putative species of Chalcidoidea, five Coccinellidae and three Neuroptera. In Chalcidoidea, 22 species were identified morphologically, resulting in new COI barcodes for 12 species and new 28S barcodes for 14 species. Two predator species (Rhyzobius lophantae and Coccidophilus transandinus) were identified morphologically, and two parasitoid species, Chartocerus niger and Signiphora bifasciata, were recorded for the first time in Chile.

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Trends in Taxonomy of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): From Linnaean to Integrative Taxonomy

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10121627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1627

Author(s):

Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi ◽

Jader de Oliveira ◽

Dayse da Silva Rocha ◽

Cleber Galvão

Keyword(s):

Chagas Disease ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

Disease Vectors ◽

Neglected Tropical Disease ◽

Cryptic Speciation ◽

Triatomine Species ◽

Chagas Disease Vectors ◽

First Time ◽

Five Tribes

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted mainly by members of the subfamily Triatominae. There are currently 157 species, grouped into 18 genera and five tribes. Most descriptions of triatomine species are based on classical taxonomy. Facing evolutionary (cryptic speciation and phenotypic plasticity) and taxonomic (more than 190 synonymizations) problems, it is evident that integrative taxonomy studies are an important and necessary trend for this group of vectors. Almost two-and-a-half centuries after the description of the first species, we present for the first time the state-of-the-art taxonomy of the whole subfamily, covering from the initial classic studies to the use of integrative taxonomy.

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First account on deep-sea stalked barnacles from the Canary Islands (NE Atlantic), with an updated checklist of the Cirripedia, Thoracica and their hosts in the area

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-00003708 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 90 (13) ◽

pp. 1575-1597

Author(s):

José A. González ◽

Kate Shalaeva ◽

Laura Martín-García ◽

José M. Lorenzo ◽

Alan J. Southward

Keyword(s):

Canary Islands ◽

Deep Water ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Ne Atlantic ◽

New Information ◽

Animal Hosts ◽

Annotated Checklist ◽

First Time

New information on deep-water Cirripedia obtained during project surveys and experimental cruises in the Canary Islands region (NE Atlantic) have been analysed and collated with literature data. This annotated checklist includes 32 species of the Cirripedia Thoracica; four of them are recorded for the first time from the Canaries:Poecilasma aurantia,Poecilasma crassa,Heteralepas microstomaandAurivillialepas falcata. Information on the barnacles’ animal hosts in the area is also updated and compiled for the first time.

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Integrative Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of the Plant-Parasitic Nematode Genus Paratylenchus (Nematoda: Paratylenchinae): Linking Species with Molecular Barcodes

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020408 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 408

Author(s):

Phougeishangbam Rolish Singh ◽

Gerrit Karssen ◽

Marjolein Couvreur ◽

Sergei A. Subbotin ◽

Wim Bert

Keyword(s):

18S Rrna ◽

Parasitic Nematode ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Integrated Analysis ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Unknown Species ◽

New Gene ◽

First Time ◽

Plant Parasitic

Pin nematodes of the genus Paratylenchus are obligate ectoparasites of a wide variety of plants that are distributed worldwide. In this study, individual morphologically vouchered nematode specimens of fourteen Paratylenchus species, including P. aculentus, P. elachistus, P. goodeyi, P. holdemani, P. idalimus, P. microdorus, P. nanus, P. neoamblycephalus, P. straeleni and P. veruculatus, are unequivocally linked to the D2-D3 of 28S, ITS, 18S rRNA and COI gene sequences. Combined with scanning electron microscopy and a molecular analysis of an additional nine known and thirteen unknown species originating from diverse geographic regions, a total of 92 D2-D3 of 28S, 41 ITS, 57 18S rRNA and 111 COI new gene sequences are presented. Paratylenchus elachistus, P. holdemani and P. neoamblycephalus are recorded for the first time in Belgium and P. idalimus for the first time in Europe. Paratylenchus is an excellent example of an incredibly diverse yet morphologically minimalistic plant-parasitic genus, and this study provides an integrated analysis of all available data, including coalescence-based molecular species delimitation, resulting in an updated Paratylenchus phylogeny and the corrective reassignment of 18 D2-D3 of 28S, 3 ITS, 3 18S rRNA and 25 COI gene sequences that were previously unidentified or incorrectly classified.

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Sequencing of Organellar Genomes of Nowellia curvifolia (Cephaloziaceae Jungermanniales) Revealed the Smallest Plastome with Complete Gene Set and High Intraspecific Variation Suggesting Cryptic Speciation

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d13020081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Jakub Sawicki ◽

Katarzyna Krawczyk ◽

Monika Ślipiko ◽

Monika Szczecińska

Keyword(s):

Cryptic Speciation ◽

Editing Event ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Gene Set ◽

Protein Coding Genes ◽

Organellar Genomes ◽

The Family ◽

Leafy Liverwort ◽

Aneura Mirabilis ◽

First Time

The leafy liverwort Nowellia curvifolia is a widespread Holarctic species belonging to the family Cephaloziaceae. It is made up of a newly sequenced, assembled and annotated organellar genomes of two European specimens, which revealed the structure typical for liverworts, but also provided new insights into its microevolution. The plastome of N. curvifolia is the second smallest among photosynthetic liverworts, with the shortest known inverted repeats. Moreover, it is the smallest liverwort genome with a complete gene set, since two smaller genomes of Aneura mirabilis and Cololejeunea lanciloba are missing six and four protein-coding genes respectively. The reduction of plastome size in leafy liverworts seems to be mainly impacted by deletion within specific region between psbA and psbD genes. The comparative intraspecific analysis revealed single SNPs difference among European individuals and a low number of 35 mutations differentiating European and North American specimens. However, the genetic resources of Asian specimen enabled to identify 1335 SNPs in plastic protein-coding genes suggesting an advanced cryptic speciation within N. curvifolia or the presence of undescribed morphospecies in Asia. Newly sequenced mitogenomes from European specimens revealed identical gene content and structure to previously published and low intercontinental differentiation limited to one substitution and three indels. The RNA-seq based RNA editing analysis revealed 17 and 127 edited sites in plastome and mitogenome respectively including one non-canonical editing event in plastid chiL gene. The U to C editing is common in non-seed plants, but in liverwort plastome is reported for the first time.

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Corallimorpharians (Anthozoa: Corallimorpharia) from the Argentinean Sea

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4688.2.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4688 (2) ◽

pp. 249-263

Author(s):

DANIEL LAURETTA ◽

MARIANO I. MARTINEZ

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Submarine Canyon ◽

Sister Group ◽

Southwestern Atlantic ◽

Sea Anemones ◽

Northern Patagonia ◽

Stony Corals ◽

Internal Morphology ◽

Southwestern Atlantic Ocean ◽

First Time

Corallimorpharians are a relative small group of anthozoan cnidarians, also known as jewel sea anemones. They resemble actiniarian sea anemones in lacking a skeleton and being solitary, but resemble scleractinian corals in external and internal morphology, and they are considered to be the sister group of the stony corals. Corynactis carnea (=Sphincteractis sanmatiensis) is a small, common and eye catching species that inhabits the shallow water of northern Patagonia and the Argentinean shelf up to 200 m depth. Corallimorphus rigidus is registered for the first time from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. It is a rather big and rare species that inhabits only the deep sea. Only two specimens were found at 2934 m depth in Mar del Plata submarine canyon, in an area under the influence of the Malvinas current, which may explain its occurrence. These two species are the only two known jewel sea anemones in the Argentinean sea and are reported and described herein.

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Diel and habitat-dependent resource utilisation of deep-sea fishes at the Great Meteor seamount (subtropical NE Atlantic): niche overlap and support for the sound-scattering layer-interception hypothesis

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps244219 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 244 ◽

pp. 219-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

HO Fock ◽

B Matthiessen ◽

H Zidowitz ◽

H vWesternhagen

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Niche Overlap ◽

Resource Utilisation ◽

Ne Atlantic ◽

Scattering Layer ◽

Sound Scattering ◽

Sound Scattering Layer ◽

Great Meteor Seamount

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Zeiform mouthbrooding in the deepsea – dispelling a myth

10.31219/osf.io/rhk29 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ralf ◽

G. David Johnson ◽

Kevin Conway

Keyword(s):

Deep Water ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Extended Period ◽

Marine Fishes ◽

Early Developmental Stages ◽

Water Fish ◽

First Time ◽

Early Developmental ◽

Deep Sea Fauna

Mouthbrooding or oral incubation, the retention of early developmental stages inside of the mouth for an extended period of time, has evolved multiple times in bony fishes1,2. Though uncommon, this form of parental care has been documented and well-studied in several groups of freshwater fishes but is also known to occur in a small number of marine fishes, all inhabiting coastal waters1,2. A recent paper3, reported for the first time mouthbrooding in a deep-water fish species, the zeiform Parazen pacificus, which according to the authors “fills in a gap in the larval literature for this family of fishes and prompts further investigation into other novel reproductive modes of deep-sea fauna.”

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