scholarly journals Performance of a Potentially Invasive Species of Ornamental Seaweed Caulerpa sertularioides in Acidifying and Warming Oceans

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1368
Author(s):  
Eun Ju Kang ◽  
Sukyeon Lee ◽  
Juhyun Kang ◽  
Hanbi Moon ◽  
Il-Nam Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Invasive Seaweed ◽  
Geographic Expansion

Caulerpa, a (sub) tropical seaweed, is a notorious taxonomic group and an invasive seaweed worldwide. Similar to several species that have been introduced to benthic habitats through aquariums, Caulerpa sertularioides has also been introduced into Korean aquariums, although it is not native to the region. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the potential of this species for invading domestic macroalgal habitats. Therefore, an indoor mesocosm experiment was conducted to examine the ecophysiological invasion risk of non-native seaweed C. sertularioides under various climate conditions and exposure to three future climate scenarios: acidification (doubled CO2), warming (5 °C increase from ambient temperature), and greenhouse (GR: combination of acidification and warming); additionally, we compared the invasion risk between future and present climates (control: 20 °C and 470 µatm CO2). High CO2 concentrations and increased temperatures positively affected the photosynthesis and growth of C. sertularioides. Photosynthesis and growth were more synergistically increased under GR conditions than under acidification and warming. Consequently, the performance of this potentially invasive species in the native macroalgal Korean habitat will be higher in the future in coastal environments. Therefore, proper management is required to prevent the geographic expansion of C. sertularioides in the Korean coastal ocean.

Spatial pattern and determinants of global invasion risk of an invasive species, sharpbelly Hemiculter leucisculus (Basilesky, 1855)

2020 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 134661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghong Dong ◽  
Tao Ju ◽  
Gaël Grenouillet ◽  
Pascal Laffaille ◽  
Sovan Lek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Hemiculter Leucisculus ◽  
Global Invasion

scholarly journals Destination Climate Adaptation

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-322
Author(s):  
Nevenka Čavlek ◽  
Chris Cooper ◽  
Vanja Krajinović ◽  
Lidija Srnec ◽  
Ksenija Zaninović
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Climate Conditions

A key element in the product mix of destinations is climate. Climate represents a critical part of a destination’s economic and resource base such that changes in climate will trigger human responses in terms of demand and the type of activities that the climate will support. This threatens the competitiveness, sustainability, and economic viability of destinations. This research note focuses on destination adaptation to climate change that is anticipatory not reactive, based on projecting future climate scenarios for a destination and then assessing the tourism products that the future climate will support. It outlines an original data-driven approach to adaptation that is generalizable to other destinations. The research note describes an exploratory research collaboration in Croatia between tourism and climate scientists that allows, first, the modeling of a destination’s projected climate conditions and, second, the products and activities that can be supported by these climate scenarios using climate indices for tourism.

Options and challenges for collaboration on climate service related activities at KNMI and KMI

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Bessembinder ◽  
Rozemien De Troch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
Meteorological Institute

<p>National meteorological institutes have generally a longstanding scientific expertise in climate research, climatological observations, and state-of-the-art climate modelling. In the context of climate change this expertise and service provision of climatic data, information and knowledge is of crucial importance to meet the societal needs. Furthermore, in each country the provision of climate services is generally arranged differently and strongly determined by governance, the official strategy and tasks of the meteorological institutes, as well as financing.</p><p>To better align the activities between national climate service providers, the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute and the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium successfully applied for the ERA4CS action for the exchange of staff, aiming to contribute to the alignment of R&D programmes, tools/instruments and/or climate related agendas of both countries.</p><p>In the context of climate services, previous interactions between both institutes are mainly related to sporadically contacts between scientists in need of climatological data or information on methods for the definition of e.g. climate scenarios. However, Belgium and the Netherlands are neighbouring, both small countries, and climate change doesn’t stop at the border. Furthermore, coastal and inland regions along the borders are yet very sensitive to the impacts of climate change, and thus might cause cross-border issues in the future. </p><p>Therefore, a two-way visit of senior staff responsible for climate services in both institutes is planned for early 2020. The visits aim to identify the differences and similarities on how climate services are currently provided and the broader context in which climate services are developed and delivered (legal mandate, what other organisations deliver climate services, relation with policy e.g. National Adaptation Strategies). More specifically, the services related to both current and future climate conditions (i.e. climate scenarios), the respective impact sectors and users/stakeholders of the climate services and the interaction with them, the used tools and methods for the creation of climate services, and the outreach and communication strategies for climate services will be discussed through informal interactions, meetings and presentations. </p><p>An overview of these discussions together with conclusions on how climate-service related actions can be aligned and consolidated within future collaborations, will be presented.</p>

scholarly journals Forecasting the impacts of chemical pollution and climate change interactions on the health of wildlife

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela D. Noyes ◽  
Sean C. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Chemical Exposures

Abstract Global climate change is impacting organisms, biological communities and ecosystems around the world. While most research has focused on characterizing how the climate is changing, including modeling future climatic conditions and predicting the impacts of these conditions on biodiversity, it is also the case that climate change is altering the environmental impacts of chemical pollution. Future climate conditions are expected to influence both the worldwide distribution of chemicals and the toxicological consequences of chemical exposures to organisms. Many of the environmental changes associated with a warming global climate (e.g., increased average – and possibly extreme – temperatures; intense periods of drier and wetter conditions; reduced ocean pH; altered salinity dynamics in estuaries) have the potential to enhance organism susceptibility to chemical toxicity. Additionally, chemical exposures themselves may impair the ability of organisms to cope with the changing environmental conditions of the shifting climate. Such reciprocity in the interactions between climate change and chemicals illustrates the complexity inherent in predicting the toxicological consequences of chemical exposures under future climate scenarios. Here, we summarize what is currently known about the potential reciprocal effects of climate change and chemical toxicity on wildlife, and depict current approaches and ongoing challenges for incorporating climate effects into chemical testing and assessment. Given the rapid pace of new man-made chemistries, the development of accurate and rapid methods to evaluate multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors in an ecologically relevant context will be critical to understanding toxic and endocrine-disrupting effects of chemical pollutants under future climate scenarios.

scholarly journals Seasonality of CO<sub>2</sub> in coastal oceans altered by increasing anthropogenic nutrient delivery from large rivers: evidence from the Changjiang-East China Sea system

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 18993-19017 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.-C. Chou ◽  
G.-C. Gong ◽  
W.-J. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Changjiang Estuary ◽  
Inner Shelf ◽  
The Changjiang Estuary ◽  
Nutrient Delivery ◽  
Coastal Oceans ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract. Model studies suggested that human-induced increase in nutrient load may have stimulated primary production and thus has enhanced the CO2 uptake capacity in the coastal ocean. In this study, we investigated the seasonal variations of the surface water's partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2sw) in the highly human-impacted Changjiang-East China Sea system between 2008 and 2011. The seasonality of pCO2sw has large spatial variations, with the largest extreme of 170 ± 75 μatm on the inner shelf near the Changjiang Estuary (from 271 ± 55 μatm in summer to 441 ± 51 μatm in autumn) and the weakest extreme of 53 ± 20 μatm on the outer shelf (from 328 ± 9 μatm in winter to 381 ± 18 μatm in summer). During the summer period, stronger stratification and biological production driven by the eutrophic Changjiang plume results in a very low CO2 in surface waters and a very high CO2 in bottom waters on the inner shelf, with the latter returning high CO2 to the surface water during the mixed period. Interestingly, a comparison with historical data shows that the average pCO2sw on the inner shelf near the Changjiang Estuary has decreased notably during summer, but it has increased during autumn and winter from the 1990s to the 2000s. We suggest that this decadal change is associated with recently increased eutrophication. This would increase both the photosynthetic removal of CO2 in surface waters and the respiratory release of CO2 in bottom waters during summertime, thereby returning more CO2 to the surface during the subsequent mixing seasons and/or episodic extreme weather events (e.g. typhoons). Our finding demonstrates that increasing anthropogenic nutrient delivery from a large river may enhance the sequestration capacity of CO2 in summer but may reduce it in autumn and winter. Consequently, the coastal ocean may not necessarily take up more atmospheric CO2 in response to increasing eutrophication, and the net effect largely depends on the relative time scale of air-sea gas exchange and offshore transport of the shelf water. Finally, the case we reported for the Changjiang system may have general ramifications for other eutrophic coastal oceans.

scholarly journals A check list and population trends of invasive amphibians and reptiles in Taiwan

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 85-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko-Huan Lee ◽  
Tien-Hsi Chen ◽  
Gaus Shang ◽  
Simon Clulow ◽  
Yi-Ju Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

Invasive species have impacted biodiversity all around the world. Among various ecosystems, islands are most vulnerable to these impacts due to their high ratio of endemism, highly specialized adaptation, and isolated and unique fauna. As with other subtropical islands, Taiwan faces constant risk of biological invasions and is currently ranked as one of the countries most affected by invasive amphibians and reptiles. In this paper, a comprehensive checklist of all known exotic amphibians and reptiles is provided, including twelve species which have successfully colonized Taiwan and six species with a controversial status. We provide an update on the knowledge of all these species including their distribution, colonization history, threats to native animals, and population trends based on literature records, fauna surveys, and data collected during invasive species eradication and control programs. A list of species with high invasive potentials is also provided. This study reports, for the first time, a comprehensive survey of invasive herpetofauna in Taiwan, which should provide a valuable reference to other regions which might suffer from similar invasion risk.

Applying the Precautionary Principle in the Risk Management of Invasive Species via Ballast Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2167-2171
Author(s):  
Yan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
The Precautionary Principle ◽  
Variable Problem

In marine and coastal environments, commercial shipping ballast water is considered to be the most relevant transfer vector of invasions world wide. There are many uncertainties in the management of invasive species. Consideration of the uncertainties is crucial for the determination of the most appropriate management strategies to address this highly variable problem. The traditional risk management has many limitations by administrative complexness and important uncertainties. In order to make risk management more effective, this paper discuss that how to apply the precautionary principle in the risk management of invasive species.

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