scholarly journals Analysis of Microbiota and Mycobiota in Fungal Ball Rhinosinusitis: Specific Interaction between Aspergillus fumigatus and Haemophilus influenza?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Sarah Dellière ◽  
Eric Dannaoui ◽  
Maxime Fieux ◽  
Pierre Bonfils ◽  
Guillaume Gricourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Main Type ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Haemophilus Influenza ◽  
Fungal Ball ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Fungal Identification ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Positive Direct

Fungal ball (FB) rhinosinusitis (RS) is the main type of non-invasive fungal RS. Despite positive direct examination (DE) of biopsies, culture remains negative in more than 60% of cases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance/efficacy of targeted metagenomics (TM) to analyze microbiota and mycobiota in FB and find microbial associations. Forty-five sinus biopsies from patients who underwent surgery for chronic RS were included. After DE and culture, DNA was extracted, then fungal ITS1–ITS2 and bacterial V3–V4 16S rDNA loci were sequenced (MiSeqTM Illumina). Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were defined via QIIME and assigned to SILVA (16S) and UNITE (ITS) databases. Statistical analyses were performed using SHAMAN. Thirty-eight patients had FB and seven had non-fungal rhinosinusitis (NFRS). DE and culture of FB were positive for fungi in 97.3 and 31.6% of patients, respectively. TM analysis of the 38 FB yielded more than one fungal genus in 100% of cases, with Aspergillus in 89.5% (34/38). Haemophilus was over-represented in FB with >1000 reads/sample in 47.3% (18/38) compared to NFRS (p < 0.001). TM allowed fungal identification in biopsies with negative culture. Haemophilus was associated with FB. Pathogenesis could result from fungi–bacteria interactions in a mixed biofilm-like structure.

scholarly journals Assessment of non-invasive chronic fungal rhinosinusitis by cone beam CT: comparison with multidetector CT findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Yamauchi ◽  
Akiko Tani ◽  
Shuji Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Ct Findings

Fungal diseases of the ear, nose, and throat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunaloke Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Laryngeal Diseases ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive ◽  
Nose And Throat

Fungal infection of the ear (otomycosis), nose (fungal rhinosinusitis), and throat (oropharyngeal candidiasis) are common diseases. Fungal laryngeal diseases and invasive otomycosis & acute fungal rhinosinusitis are much less common and occur in immunosuppressed hosts, including those with diabetes. Aspergillus and Candida spp. are the commonest causes of otomycosis, whilst Aspergillus spp. predominate in sinus disease, with members of the Mucorales also causing serious invasive infections. Management of the non-invasive conditions can be difficult, and otomycosis and rhinosinusitis often become chronic. Invasive disease usually requires surgical intervention along with appropriate antifungal therapy. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis has a mortality of approximately 50%.

LOCAL ANTI-ASPERGILLUS IMMUNOGLOBULINS A IN NON-INVASIVE FUNGAL RHINOSINUSITIS

Mycoses ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (S2) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
M. H. Rodier ◽  
C. Kauffmann-Lacroix ◽  
X. Dufour ◽  
C. Imbert ◽  
G. Daniault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis

Fungal rhinosinusitis

2000 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Lund ◽  
G. Lloyd ◽  
L. Savy ◽  
D. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Bone Erosion ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
Soft Tissue Density ◽  
Tissue Density ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Scanning Technique

Fungal infections in both their invasive and non-invasive forms can prove difficult to diagnose. The often characteristic appearances on imaging are of great assistance. CT is the primary imaging modality and is probably more accurate than MRI in diagnostic specificity and determining the extent of bone erosion. However this may require a modified scanning technique to adequately demonstrate the typical soft tissue density variations of fungi. MRI should be used to supplement CT when intra-cranial or intra-orbital extension is suspected.

Expression of maspin in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y D Huang ◽  
H W Yu ◽  
S W Xia ◽  
Z H Kang ◽  
Y S He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Staining Score ◽  
Maspin Expression ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to test the expression of maspin in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis and explore its value in diagnosing invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.Methods:Forty-two fungal rhinosinusitis cases (12 invasive and 30 non-invasive) were selected as the experimental group, and 30 chronic rhinosinusitis cases comprised the control group. Maspin expression was assessed in nasal mucous membrane specimens by immunohistochemical staining.Results:Compared with the control group, maspin expression was down-regulated in the fungal rhinosinusitis group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the staining score for maspin was lowest in the invasive fungal rhinosinusitis group, as compared with both the non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis group and the control group (p < 0.05). A maspin staining score of 5.70 was the critical value for diagnosis of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, with sensitivity and specificity of 91.7 per cent and 88.3 per cent, respectively.Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that the maspin staining score may be a biomarker for effective and rapid diagnosis of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Medical Mycology of Fungal Rhinosinusitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Sekhar Chatterjee ◽  
Arunaloke Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Medical Mycology ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Dematiaceous Fungi ◽  
Fungal Ball ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Chronic Invasive

Abstract Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) refers to a spectrum of disease ranging from benign colonization of the nose and sinuses by pathogenic fungi to acute invasive and fatal inflammation extending to the orbit and brain. FRS is classified into two categories: invasive and noninvasive. Invasive FRS may again be subcategorized into acute invasive (fulminant) FRS, granulomatous invasive FRS, and chronic invasive FRS; while noninvasive FRS is subcategorized into localized fungal colonization, sinus fungal ball and eosinophil related FRS (including allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic fungal rhinosinusitis). This classification is not without controversies, and intermediate and semi-invasive forms may also exist in particular patients. Acute invasive FRS is an increasingly common disease worldwide among the immunocompromised patients and caused most frequently by Rhizopus oryzae, and Aspergillus spp. Granulomatous invasive FRS has mostly been reported from Sudan, India, and Pakistan and is characterized by noncaseating granuloma formation, vascular proliferation, vasculitis, perivascular fibrosis, sparse hyphae in tissue, and isolation of A. flavus from sinus contents. Chronic invasive FRS is an emerging entity occurring commonly in diabetics and patients on corticosteroid therapy, and is characterized by dense accumulation of hyphae, occasional presence of vascular invasion, sparse inflammatory reaction, involvement of local structures, and isolation of A. fumigatus. While localized fungal colonization describes the most benign of all fungal sinusitis in the superficial nasal crusts, sinus fungal ball is a dense mycetoma like aggregate of fungal hyphae in diseased sinuses. Common in southern Europe, especially France, majority of them are sterile on culture while 30-50% may yield Aspergillus spp. The definitions and pathogenesis of the group of syndromes in eosinophil related FRS (AFRS, EFRS) are contentious and a matter of intense research among otolaryngologists, pathologists, immunologists and microbiologists. While dematiaceous fungi are the foremost initiators of these syndromes in the west, Aspergillus flavus is the predominant pathogen in India and the Middle-East.

scholarly journals Microbial communities of poultry house dust, excreta and litter are partially representative of microbiota of chicken caecum and ileum

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255633
Author(s):  
Yugal R. Bindari ◽  
Robert J. Moore ◽  
Thi Thu Hao Van ◽  
Matthew Hilliar ◽  
Shu-Biao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
16S Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Poultry Dust

Traditional sampling methods for the study of poultry gut microbiota preclude longitudinal studies as they require euthanasia of birds for the collection of caecal and ileal contents. Some recent research has investigated alternative sampling methods to overcome this issue. The main goal of this study was to assess to what extent the microbial composition of non-invasive samples (excreta, litter and poultry dust) are representative of invasive samples (caecal and ileal contents). The microbiota of excreta, dust, litter, caecal and ileal contents (n = 110) was assessed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) detected in caecal contents, 99.7% were also detected in dust, 98.6% in litter and 100% in excreta. Of the OTUs detected in ileal contents, 99.8% were detected in dust, 99.3% in litter and 95.3% in excreta. Although the majority of the OTUs found in invasive samples were detected in non-invasive samples, the relative abundance of members of the microbial communities of these groups were different, as shown by beta diversity measures. Under the conditions of this study, correlation analysis showed that dust could be used as a proxy for ileal and caecal contents to detect the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes, and excreta as a proxy of caecal contents for the detection of Tenericutes. Similarly, litter could be used as a proxy for caecal contents to detect the abundance of Firmicutes and Tenericutes. However, none of the non-invasive samples could be used to infer the overall abundance of OTUs observed in invasive samples. In conclusion, non-invasive samples could be used to detect the presence and absence of the majority of the OTUs found in invasive samples, but could not accurately reflect the microbial community structure of invasive samples.

Efficacy of Different Modalities of Treatment in Management of Different Types of Fungal Sinusits

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
AbdElhamid AbdElhamid Al-Nashar ◽  
Waleed Farag Ezzat ◽  
Mohammed Abdelaleem Mohammed ◽  
Mohammed Al-Shahat Ibrahim Al-Bahet
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Endoscopic Technique ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Fungal Ball ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Canine Fossa ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Background Fungal sinusitis is generally classified into invasive and non invasive fungal sinusitis based on histological features, invasive fungal sinusitis divided into acute, chronic and chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis. While non invasive fungal sinusitis include saprophytic fungal infestation, fungal ball, and fungus-related eosinophilic. Distinguishing invasive disease from noninvasive disease is important because the treatment and prognosis are different for each. AIM A systemic review of effective and safe method in management of different types of fungal sinusitis either by medical or surgical approaches or even combined. Be up to date with the different upcoming new modalities. Methodology A meta-analysis study is done to evaluate the medical and surgical outcomes of patients with invasive and noninvasive Fungal Sinusits. Results Finally, forty-five studies were included in the present systematic review and metaanalysis. Fifteen included studies (No = 539 patients) assessed different modalities for management of fungal ball, via classic endoscopic technique, Canine-fossa approach, gauze technique and osteoplastic approach for FB of the maxillary sinus. The results showed that functional endoscopic sinus surgery has led to success rate of 98.1%. Twenty included studies (No = 806 patients) have assessed the efficacy and safety of different modalities for the management of allergic fungal sinusitis via,Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Post-ESS Systemic steroids, Antifungals and immunotherapy. The results showed that ESS represents the firstline management strategy of AFRS, followed by aggressive medical therapies, the recurrence rate after postoperative steroids was 20.6%, postoperative antifungals was 40% and after immunotherapy was 9.1%. Ten studies (No = 327 patients) for Invasive Fungal Sinusitis.the results showed that combination of systematic antifungal therapy and aggressive surgical debridement are the treatment of choice. Conclusion FESS is the treatment of choice of fungal ball via classic endoscopic technique, Canine-fossa approach, gauze technique and osteoplastic approach. AFS treatment consists of surgical extirpation of the allergic mucin and polyps with maintenance of adequate sinus drainage followed by medical therapy consists of topical steroids, anti fungal therapy, Immunotherapy, and systemic corticosteroids. Treatment of invasive fungal sinusitis includes surgical resection of necrotic tissues, systemic antifungal therapy and reversal of immune dysfunction.

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