scholarly journals Feasibly of CD24/CD11b as a Screening Test for Hematological Malignancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Shiran Shapira ◽  
Dina Kazanov ◽  
Fatin Mdah ◽  
Hadas Yaakobi ◽  
Yair Herishanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Cell Surface Molecule ◽  
Cd11b Expression ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
Selectin Ligand

An estimated 1.24 million blood cancer cases occur annually worldwide, accounting for approximately 6% of all cancer cases. Currently, there are no standardized hematology cancer screening tests that are recommended for the general population. CD24 is a mucin-like cell surface molecule and P-selectin ligand, which plays a significant role in the maturation of B-lymphocytes and was found to be overexpressed in a number of hematological malignancies. Our primary aim was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the CD24/CD11b-based blood test for the detection of hematological malignancies. Our cohort included 488 subjects with positive hematological cancer diagnosis (n = 122) and healthy subjects (n = 366). CD24/CD11b expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) obtained from blood samples of participants was analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results demonstrated that the average levels of CD24/CD11b in healthy patients (21.7 ± 9.0) were statistically significantly lower compared to levels of CD24/CD11b in cancer patients (29.5 ± 18.7, p < 0.001). The highest levels of CD24/CD11b were found in multiple myeloma (39.1 ± 23.6), followed by chronic myeloid leukemia (33.0 ± 13.7) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (32.3 ± 13.3). The test had an overall sensitivity for hematologic cancers of 78.5% (95% CI, 70.7–86.3%) and specificity of 80.2% (95% CI, 76.1–84.3%). In conclusion, our findings indicate the feasibility of a CD24/CD11b-based blood test as a screening test of hematological malignancies.

Development of a scale for evaluating screening tests for cancer : attributes patients emphasize (escape)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
K. D. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Negative Attributes

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The public's overenthusiasm for cancer screening tests has the potential to subject many individuals to harms such as overdetection and false positives. Thus, it is of the utmost importance that we understand what drives patient preferences for screening in the first place. Then, once these preferences are defined and understood, the information regarding the various positive and negative attributes of options -- as well as the likelihoods associated with these attributes for an individual -- and any other features of the decision could be tailored to the individual. This dissertation proposes and validates a new measure that identifies what features individuals find important when choosing a screening test and how they vary relative to others. Herein, a set of factors regarding screening test attributes was created, and a 5-factor structure was both explored and confirmed. The scale is shown to be reliable and to have convergent and discriminant validity. Further, the structure was not found to replicate in a more diverse population. Instead the more diverse sample has a 6-factor structure. Finally, this individual difference scale was compared with a discrete choice experiment and a threshold technique, finding all of these methods vary and none of them are capable of predicting screening choices.

Cancer Screening in Theory and in Practice

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otis W. Brawley ◽  
Barnett S. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Improvements in technology have led to a number of tests that can be used to suggest that a patient has a cancer. Advances in cancer biology and medical imaging have led to a number of cancer screening tests. Cancer screening is commonly advocated, but its complexity is often lost in guidelines that have sound-bite quality. It is commonly viewed as of no harm, when in fact there are harms associated with every known screening test. Indeed, many screening experts believe a screening test should only be used when the potential for benefit clearly outweighs the potential for harm. Cancer screening principles are classically within the realm of the epidemiologist. As more screening tests are developed, these principles have become more relevant to the practicing clinician. What is known and what is unknown about screening is distinctly different from what is believed by the public and many practicing clinicians. Many tests have both screening and diagnostic uses, and it is only the context in which these are used that determines whether they are screening or diagnostic. A screening test is done on asymptomatic individuals who receive the test principally because they are of the age or sex at risk for the cancer. A diagnostic test is done on an individual because of clinical suspicion of disease.

scholarly journals Examining the Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors of Adults about Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors and Early Diagnosis Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Sancaktar ◽  
Özge Tuncer
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Cancer Screening Test ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests

INTRODUCTION: In this study, ıt was aimed to determine the level of awareness by evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of people about the risk factors, symptoms and early diagnosis methods of colorectal cancer. METHODS: The study was conducted with a face-to-face interview with 300 patients who met the inclusion criteria of the study, who applied to the Family Medicine Clinic of İzmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital at the University of Health Sciences, between January 2019 and February 2019. Data obtained statistically were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 51,8±8,66 years and the age ranged was between 40 to 70 years. 68.3% (205) of the participants were female. When the educational status of the patients is examined, the highest rate is composed of primary school graduates with 33% (99), followed by university graduates with 28.7% (86). 66.3% (124) of those who have heard about colorectal cancer screening test reported that they heard it from health care workers, 25.7%(48) from their relatives and friends. 62.3% (187) of the participants heard about colorectal cancer screening tests. While 96.7% (290) of the participants believed that those tests were necessary, 85% (255) of the participants thought that the aim of the colorectal cancer screening test was to catch the disease at an early stage. Only 29% (87) of the participants were informed by the doctor about colorectal cancer screening tests. Only 25% (75) of the participants knew names of colorectal cancer screening tests correctly. 39.7% (60) of the participants over the age of 50 had a CRC screening test. While the participants considered changes in the habit of defecation as the most frequent sign of CRC, the most known risk factor was the family history of CRC. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In our study ıt was determined that individuals had a lock of knowledge about CRC and the rate of screening test recommended for those over the age of 50 was low. For this reason, Family Physicians, who are great importance in terms of ptotective medicine should inform and guide their patients more about the screening test.

scholarly journals Preferences for colorectal cancer screening tests and screening test use in a large multispecialty primary care practice

Cancer ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 2726-2734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah T. Hawley ◽  
Amy McQueen ◽  
L. Kay Bartholomew ◽  
Anthony J. Greisinger ◽  
Sharon P. Coan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Primary Care Practice ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
Test Use

scholarly journals Recent trends in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening test utilization in Canada, using self-reported data from 2008 and 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Major ◽  
D. Armstrong ◽  
H. Bryant ◽  
W. Cheung ◽  
K. Decker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
Reported Data

In Canada, self-reported data from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 and 2012 provide an opportunity to examine overall utilization of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening tests for both programmatic and opportunistic screening.Among women 50–74 years of age, utilization of screening mammography was stable (62.0% in 2008 and 63.0% in 2012). Pap test utilization for women 25–69 years of age remained high and stable across Canada in 2008 and 2012 (78.9% in 2012). The percentage of individuals 50–74 years of age who reporting having at least 1 fecal test within the preceding 2 years increased in 2012 (to 23.0% from 16.9% in 2008), but remains low.Stable rates of screening mammography utilization (about 30%) were reported in 2008 and 2012 among women 40–49 years of age, a group for which population-based screening is not recommended. Although declining over time, cervical cancer screening rates were high for women less than 25 years of age (for whom screening is not recommended). Interestingly, an increased percentage of women 70–74 years of age reported having a Pap test.In 2012, a smaller percentage of women 50–69 years of age reported having no screening test (5.9% vs. 8.5% in 2008), and more women reported having the three types of cancer screening tests (19.0% vs. 13.2%).Efforts to encourage use of screening within the recommended average-risk age groups are needed, and education for stakeholders about the possible harms of screening outside those age groups has to continue.

scholarly journals Google search volume trends for cancer screening terms during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 096914132199942
Author(s):  
Austin Snyder ◽  
Sean Jang ◽  
Ilana S Nazari ◽  
Avik Som ◽  
Efren J Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Search Volume ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
Google Search

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to delays in cancer diagnosis, in part due to postponement of cancer screening. We used Google Trends data to assess public attention to cancer screening during the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Search volume for terms related to established cancer screening tests (“colonoscopy,” “mammogram,” “lung cancer screening,” and “pap smear”) showed a marked decrease of up to 76% compared to the pre-pandemic period, a significantly greater drop than for search volume for terms denoting common chronic diseases. Maintaining awareness of cancer screening during future public health crises may decrease delays in cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Financial Incentives on Patient Use of Mailed Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. e191156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivan J. Mehta ◽  
Rebecca S. Pepe ◽  
Nicole B. Gabler ◽  
Mounika Kanneganti ◽  
Catherine Reitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
Patient Use

Empirical profiles of academic oral English proficiency from an international teaching assistant screening test

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikkyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
International Teaching Assistant ◽  
International Teaching

Language proficiency constitutes a crucial barrier for prospective international teaching assistants (ITAs). Many US universities administer screening tests to ensure that ITAs possess the required academic oral English proficiency for their TA duties. Such ITA screening tests often elicit a sample of spoken English, which is evaluated in terms of multiple aspects by trained raters. In this light, ITA screening tests provide an advantageous context in which to gather rich information about test taker performances. This study introduces a systematic way of extracting meaningful information for major stakeholders from an ITA screening test administered at a US university. In particular, this study illustrates how academic oral English proficiency profiles can be identified based on test takers’ subscale score patterns, and discusses how the resulting profiles can be used as feedback for ITA training and screening policy makers, the ITA training program of the university, ESL instructors, and test takers. The proficiency profiles were identified using finite mixture modeling based on the subscale scores of 960 test takers. The modeling results suggested seven profile groups. These groups were interpreted and labeled based on the characteristic subscale score patterns of their members. The implications of the results are discussed, with the main focus on how such information can help ITA policy makers, the ITA training program, ESL instructors, and test takers make important decisions.

Comparison of Two Screening Tests of Competency to Stand Trial for Defendants with Mental Retardation

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Competency To Stand Trial ◽  
Screening Tests

Scores for the four terms found by Smith and Hudson to predict competency to stand trial in defendants with mental retardation correlated significantly ( r = .65) with scores on the Competency Screening Test ( N = 34). Agreement between sets of scores was 84%.

Degradation Screening Test Design for Electronic Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
Rui Lin Lin ◽  
Qiang Hui Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Model Coefficient ◽  
Degradation Characteristic ◽  
The Difference

Long-life electronic products need to be put in stress environment for long durations in traditional ESS(environmental stress screening) tests in order that items having infant mortality or defects are weeded out from products. However, long stress durations cause aging effects on good items. For some products, failures are defined in terms of performance characteristics degrading some critical values. For the purpose of reducing durations and aging effects, this paper analyzes the difference of performance characteristics between normally degraded products and abnormally degraded products, and assumes the distribution of products’ degradation characteristic variable is contaminated distribution model, then presents a degradation screening test design. This design firstly ascertains the model coefficient using identifiable condition of contaminated distribution combined with the analysis of degradation test, then ascertains screen duration and screen critical value. Lastly, this paper gives an example to illustrate the availability of the design.

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