Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Prediction Using CT Images

pca is mostly asymptomatic at an early stage and often painless requiring active surveillance screening. trus is the principal method to diagnose pca following a histological examination by observing cell pattern irregularities and assigning the gs according to the recommended guidelines. This procedure presents sampling errors and, being invasive may cause complications to the patients. ebrt is presented as curative option for localised and locally advanced disease, as a palliative option for metastatic low-volume disease or after prostatectomy for prostate bed and pelvic nodes salvage. In the ebrt worflow a ct scan is performed as the basis for dose calculations and volume delineations. In this work, we evaluated the use of data-characterization algorithms (radiomics) from ct images for pca aggressiveness assessment. The fundamental motivation relies on the wide availability of ct images and the need to provide tools to assess ebrt effectiveness. We used Pyradiomics and lifex to extract features and search for a radiomic signature within ct images. Finnaly, when applying pcan to the features, we were able to show promising results.

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SURVIVAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH EARLY STAGE AND LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER WHO UNDERWENT RADICAL HYSTERECTOMY.

10.26226/morressier.5770e29ad462b80290b4ba02 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jimmy Billod

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Radical Hysterectomy ◽

Early Stage ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Survival Outcome ◽

Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

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Association of nodal metastates and recurrence in early stage and locally advanced cervical cancer managed with radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy

10.26226/morressier.5770e29bd462b80290b4b9ee ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jimmy Billod

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Radical Hysterectomy ◽

Early Stage ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

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Connection of discontinuous segments in early functional recovery from thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament treated with posterior instrumented surgery

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2019.8.spine19604 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 200-206

Author(s):

Kei Ando ◽

Kazuyoshi Kobayashi ◽

Masaaki Machino ◽

Kyotaro Ota ◽

Satoshi Tanaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽

Multislice Ct ◽

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ◽

Ct Images ◽

Rigid Fixation ◽

Disc Space ◽

Fusion Surgery ◽

Estimated Blood Loss

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between morphological changes in thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (T-OPLL) and postoperative neurological recovery after thoracic posterior fusion surgery. Changes of OPLL morphology and postoperative recovery in cases with T-OPLL have not been examined.METHODSIn this prospective study, the authors evaluated data from 44 patients (23 male and 21 female) who underwent posterior decompression and fusion surgery with instrumentation for the treatment of T-OPLL at our hospital. The patients’ mean age at surgery was 50.7 years (range 38–68 years). The minimum duration of follow-up was 2 years. The location of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (T-OLF), T-OLF at the OPLL level, OPLL morphology, fusion range, estimated blood loss, operative time, pre- and postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, and JOA recovery rate were investigated. Reconstructed sagittal multislice CT images were obtained before and at 3 and 6 months and 1 and 2 years after surgery. The basic fusion area was 3 vertebrae above and below the OPLL lesion. All parameters were compared between patients with and without continuity across the disc space at the OPLL at 3 and 6 months after surgery.RESULTSThe preoperative morphology of OPLL was discontinuous across the disc space between the rostral and caudal ossification regions on sagittal CT images in all but one of the patients. Postoperatively, these segments became continuous in 42 patients (97.7%; occurring by 6.6 months on average) without progression of OPLL thickness. Patients with continuity at 3 months had significantly lower rates of diabetes mellitus (p < 0.05) and motor palsy in the lower extremities (p < 0.01). The group with continuity also had significantly higher mean postoperative JOA scores at 3 (p < 0.01) and 6 (p < 0.05) months and mean JOA recovery rates at 3 and 6 months (both p < 0.01) after surgery.CONCLUSIONSPreoperatively, discontinuity of rostral and caudal ossified lesions was found on CT in all patients but one of this group of 44 patients who needed surgery for T-OPLL. Rigid fixation with instrumentation may have allowed these segments to connect at the OPLL. Such OPLL continuity at an early stage after surgery may accelerate spinal cord recovery.

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Comparison of Chest CT Images Featured with Ground Grass Opacity between COVID-19 Pneumonia and Early-Stage Lung Cancer in Wuhan, China: A Single-Centered, Retrospective, Observational Study

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3551427 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Heng Meng ◽

Rui Xiong ◽

Ruyuan He ◽

Weichen Lin ◽

Bo Hao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Observational Study ◽

Early Stage ◽

Ct Images ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Retrospective Observational Study ◽

Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽

Stage Lung Cancer

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Molecular Processes Involved in Pancreatic Cancer and Therapeutics

Current Chemical Biology ◽

10.2174/2212796814999201008130819 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Subhajit Makar ◽

Abhrajyoti Ghosh ◽

Divya ◽

Shalini Shivhare ◽

Ashok Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Early Stage ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽

Systemic Treatments ◽

Cancer Initiation ◽

Novel Therapeutic Strategies

: Despite advances in the development of cytotoxic and targeted therapies, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) remains a significant cause of cancer mortality worldwide. It is also difficult to detect it at an early stage due to numbers of factors. Most of the patients are present with locally advanced or metastatic disease, which precludes curative resection. In the absence of effective screening methods, considerable efforts have been made to identify better systemic treatments during the past decade. This review describes the recent advances in molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. Additionally, the importance of deregulated cellular signalling pathways and various cellular proteins as potential targets for developing novel therapeutic strategies against incurable forms of pancreatic cancer is reported. The emphasis is on the critical functions associated with growth factors and their receptors viz. c-MET/HGF, CTHRC1, TGF-β, JAK-STAT, cyclooxygenase pathway, WNT, CCK, MAPK-RAS-RAF, PI3K-AKT, Notch, src, IGF-1R, CDK2NA and chromatin regulation for the sustained growth, survival, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. It also includes various therapeutic strategies viz. immunotherapy, surgical therapy, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

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The impact of tumour regression in locally advanced carcinoma cervix during external beam radiotherapy and the need for adaptive planning

10.1055/s-0039-1685287 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Target Volume ◽

Ct Images ◽

Tumour Regression ◽

Target Coverage ◽

Carcinoma Cervix ◽

Advanced Carcinoma ◽

The Impact ◽

Planning Ct

Aim: To study the impact of tumour regression occurring during IMRT for locally advanced carcinoma cervix and study dose distribution to target volume and OARs and hence the need for any replanning. Materials and Methods: 40 patients undergoing IM-IGRT and weekly chemotherapy were included in the study. After 36 Gy, a second planning CT-scan was done and target volume and OARs were recontoured. First plan (non-adaptive) was compared with second plan (adaptive plan) to evaluate whether it would still offer sufficient target coverage to the CTV and spare the OARs after having delivered 36 Gy. Finally new plan was created based on CT-images to investigate whether creating a new treatment plan would optimize target coverage and critical organ sparing. To measure the response of the primary tumour and pathologic nodes to EBRT, the differences in the volumes of the primary GTV and nodal GTV between the pretreatment and intratreatment CT images was calculated. Second intratreatment IMRT plans was generated, using the delineations of the intratreatment CT images. The first IMRT plan (based on the first CT-scan or non adaptive plan) was compared with second IMRT plan (based on the second CT-scan or adaptive plan). Results: 35% patients had regression in GTV in the range of 4.1% to 5%, 20% in the range of 1.1%-2%, 15% in the range of 2.1%-3% and 20% in the range of 6%-15%. There was significant mean decrease in GTV of 4.63 cc (p=0.000). There was a significant decrease in CTV on repeat CT done after 36 Gy by 23.31 cc (p=0.000) and in PTV by 23.31 cc (p=0.000). There was a statistically significant increase in CTV D98, CTV D95, CTV D50 and CTV D2 in repeat planning CT done after 36 Gy. There was no significant alteration in OARs doses. Conclusion: Despite tumour regression and increased target coverage in locally advanced carcinoma cervix after a delivery of 36 Gy there was no sparing of OARs. Primary advantage of adaptive RT seems to be in greater target coverage with non-significant normal tissue sparing.

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