scholarly journals Behavior of Wear Debris and Its Action Mechanism on the Tribological Properties of Medium-Carbon Steel with Magnetic Field

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxin Shi ◽  
Sanming Du ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Chenfei Song ◽  
Zhenghai Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Debris Removal ◽  
Wear Mode ◽  
Worn Surface

Friction tests were conducted on self-matched pairs of medium-carbon steel using a pin-disk tribometer in an ambient laboratory environment with and without wear-debris removal, in order to clarify the influence of wear debris on the tribological properties of steels that were exposed to magnetic fields. The wear debris and worn surface were observed and analyzed. In the case that the wear debris was removed, the vast majority of wear debris was large, scarce oxidation, and no agglomeration, the grooves of various shapes and discontinuities, and no oxide layer were formed on the worn surface, severe wear occurred throughout the friction process. When the wear debris was not removed, the wear debris became fine, agglomeration and oxidation, a debris layer was formed on the worn surface, and the wear mode transitioned from severe to mild occurred during friction process. The results reveal that the re-entering of wear debris into the friction area is essential for the formation of a wear-debris layer and that an anti-wear effect can be achieved via the wear-debris layer formed on the worn surface during the friction process with a magnetic field.

Fretting wear of the nitrided medium carbon steel under line contact condition at an elevated temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghong Wang ◽  
Guangwei He ◽  
Shengguan Qu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Mushun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Contact Condition ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Line Contact ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Fretting wear exists widely in the field of matching mechanical parts whereas previous research studies mostly focus on the point contact through a ball-plate tribometer. This paper aims to study the influence of wear debris on the fretting wear characteristics of the nitrided medium carbon steel under line contact condition at elevated temperature. Design/methodology/approach Fretting wear behavior of the nitrided medium carbon steel was experimentally investigated under line contact condition at elevated temperature and different normal loads without lubrication. Wear loss, worn surface and wear debris were studied to analyze the wear mechanism of nitrided steel. Findings The results showed that surface hardness of the medium carbon steel was notably improved because of the generation of a 230 µm nitrided case. Wear loss increased with the normal load, which was associated with the damage of a thin solid film formed by the wear debris, consisting of iron oxides and chromium oxide rather than only iron or iron oxides. The wear debris became partially amorphous and spherical because it was trapped within the contact interface and was ground, rolled, oxidized under line contact conditions. The spherical wear debris acted as a third body and formed a lubricating film between the contact faces. This lubricating film helped to stabilize the friction coefficient and reduced the wear rate, which further caused the acceleration of wear volume to gradually decrease. The wear mechanisms of the nitrided steel were oxidation wear, abrasive wear and fatigue spalling of the oxide layer. Originality/value The findings are helpful to understand the fretting wear behavior of the friction pair under line contact and enrich the fretting tribology theory.

The Application of X-Ray Diffraction Techniques to the Study of Wear

1966 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. J. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Unlubricated Wear ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThe relevance of X-ray diffraction techniques to the investigation of the chemical, physical, and crystallographic changes occurring during sliding wear is discussed in relation to existing theories of wear. By-way of illustration, the application of the powder X-ray cylindrical film technique to the unlubricated wear of a low-alloy, medium carbon steel is treated in some detail. The variation of the relative proportions of iron and its oxides in the wear debris with changes in sliding speed is described. It is shown that the results lend partial support to the oxidational hypothesis of the unlubricated wear of steel.

Effect of slip on magnetic field under contact between aluminum alloy A1050 plate and medium carbon steel S45C bar.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020.57 (0) ◽  
pp. J025
Author(s):  
Keisuke OKITA ◽  
Soji MATSUBAYASHI ◽  
Shintaro KANAGAWA ◽  
Koshiro MIZOBE ◽  
Katsuyuki KIDA
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon

ANTIWEAR PROPERTIES OF MEDIUM-CARBON STEEL WITH Cr/CrN TYPE HYBRID COATING PRODUCED BY THE PVD METHOD

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa KASPRZYCKA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Hybrid Coating ◽  
Hybrid Coatings ◽  
Chromium Nitride ◽  
Linear Wear ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Antiwear Properties

The paper presents the results of examinations of the structure, and mechanical and antiwear properties of hybrid coatings of the Cr/CrN type, consisting of chromium and chromium nitride, formed on the surface of the C45 medium-carbon steel by the Arc-PVD method. Investigations of the morphology and microstructure of hybrid coatings, as well as of their phase composition were carried out. The studies on mechanical properties included tests on hardness and Young’s modulus using the nanoindentation method. Tests on adhesion were conducted using the scratch-test. Tribological properties (linear wear) of the coatings were performed by means of taper-three rolls test. The investigations showed that the linear wear of the C45 steel samples with the Cr/CrN hybrid coatings is 7–9 times smaller than that of hardened steel samples without any coatings. This indicates the excellent tribological properties of the C45 medium-carbon steel with the Cr/CrN type hybrid coatings deposited by the Arc-PVD method.

Residual stresses and wear properties of induction-hardened medium carbon steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (10) ◽  
pp. 1554-1564
Author(s):  
QC Liu ◽  
YJ Cao ◽  
JQ Sun ◽  
QK He ◽  
YL Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Work Hardening ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Delamination Wear ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Deformation Layer

A systematic experimental investigation was performed to study the residual stress, microstructure and work hardening on the wear properties of induction-hardened medium carbon steel. The dry sliding wear tests were performed using a reciprocating ball-on-flat apparatus under normal loads of 20, 50, and 100 N against ceramic ball counterface, respectively. The wear mechanism was mainly abrasive wear at low load (20 N) and delamination wear at higher load (100 N) as evidenced by the worn surface topography and wear debris. The deformation layer generated by friction work hardening reduced the friction coefficient, exhibited better antifriction. Typically, the high compressive residual stress could improve the wear resistance by delaying the propagation of microcrack and inhibiting the delamination.

Characteristics of the Worn Surface of Magnetized Sliding Contact Medium Carbon Steel/Medium Carbon Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Hongxin Shi ◽  
Yongzhen Zhang ◽  
Sanming Du ◽  
Chao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Sliding Contact ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Worn Surface

The effects of thermal processing in a magnetic field on grain boundary characters of ferrite in a medium carbon steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudong Zhang ◽  
G. Vincent ◽  
N. Dewobroto ◽  
L. Germain ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon

scholarly journals Inductive Experimental Study of Corrosion Products of Medium Carbon Steel CK45 Hardened by Magnetized Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Khaldoon T. Ismail ◽  
Ahmed M. Mahmood ◽  
Thaer F. A. ALSultan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Magnetized Water ◽  
Loss Of Weight

This paper concerns the inductive experimental study of corrosion products of the medium carbon steel CK45DIN using magnetized water as hardening media, where the water has been exposed to a magnetic field of 1000 Gauss and 2000 Gauss, respectively, for time durations of 1 to 5 hours, with a volumetric flow rate of 4 gal/min. Medium carbon steel CK45DIN samples were exposed to air as corrosive environment for reasonable time interval, and the corrosion product was weighed in order to determine the loss of weight. The results showed that the corrosion rate of all samples decreased as the experiment progresses over time. Corrosion resistance of the medium carbon steel CK45DIN increased when we raised its temperature to 870°C for 40 minutes and hardened by magnetized water applied in a magnetic field with a strength of 1000 Gauss for 3 hours as compared with the sample hardened by normal water.

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