scholarly journals Polymer-Based Instructive Scaffolds for Endodontic Regeneration

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naimah Zein ◽  
Ezeddine Harmouch ◽  
Jean-Christophe Lutz ◽  
Gabriel Fernandez De Grado ◽  
Sabine Kuchler-Bopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Endodontic Regeneration ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Dentin Formation ◽  
Microporous Scaffolds

The challenge of endodontic regeneration is modulated by clinical conditions which determine five kinds of tissue requirements: pulp connective-tissue formation, dentin formation, revascularization, reinnervation and radicular edification. Polymer scaffolds constitute keystone of the different endodontic regenerative strategies. Indeed, scaffolds are crucial for carrying active molecules and competent cells which optimize the regeneration. Hydrogels are very beneficial for controlling viscosity and porosity of endodontic scaffolds. The nanofibrous and microporous scaffolds mimicking extracellular matrix are also of great interest for promoting dentin-pulp formation. Two main types of polymer scaffolds are highlighted: collagen and fibrin. Collagen scaffolds which are similar to native pulp tissue, are adequate for pulp connective tissue formation. Functionnalization by active biomolecules as BMP, SDF-1, G-CSF enhances their properties. Fibrin or PRF scaffolds present the advantage of promoting stem cell differentiation and concomitant revascularisation. The choice of the type of polymers (polypeptide, PCL, chitosan) can depend on its ability to deliver the active biomolecule or to build as suitable hydrogel as possible. Since 2010s, proposals to associate different types of polymers in a same scaffold have emerged for adding advantages or for offsetting a disadvantage of a polymer. Further works would study the synergetic effects of different innovative polymers composition.

scholarly journals Capacity of Dental Pulp Differentiation in Mouse Molars as Demonstrated by Allogenic Tooth Transplantation

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 1075-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Takamori ◽  
Hironobu Suzuki ◽  
Kuniko Nakakura-Ohshima ◽  
Jinglei Cai ◽  
Sung-Won Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Tooth Transplantation ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Allogenic Transplantation ◽  
Dentin Formation ◽  
Old Mice

Dental pulp elaborates both bone and dentin under pathological conditions such as tooth replantation/transplantation. This study aims to clarify the capability of dental pulp to elaborate bone tissue in addition to dentin by allogenic tooth transplantation using immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. After extraction of the molars of 3-week-old mice, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately allografted into the sublingual region in a littermate. In addition, we studied the contribution of donor and host cells to the regenerated pulp tissue using a combination of allogenic tooth transplantation and lacZ transgenic ROSA26 mice. On Days 5-7, tubular dentin formation started next to the preexisting dentin at the pulp horn where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged. Until Day 14, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber, where intense tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells appeared. Furthermore, allogenic transplantation using ROSA26 mice clearly showed that both donor and host cells differentiated into osteoblast-like cells with the assistance of osteoclast-lineage cells, whereas newly differentiated odontoblasts were exclusively derived from donor cells. These results suggest that the odontoblast and osteoblast lineage cells reside in the dental pulp and that both donor and host cells contribute to bone-like tissue formation in the regenerated pulp tissue.

scholarly journals The action of demineralized bovine bone matrix on bone neoformation in rats submitted to experimental alcoholism

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Buchaim ◽  
J.C. Andreo ◽  
A. C. Rodrigues ◽  
D.V. Buchaim ◽  
D.V. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Bone Tissue Formation

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether demineralized bovine bone (Gen-ox®) alters bone neoformation in rats submitted to alcoholism. Forty male rats were separated into two groups of 20 rats and distributed as follows: Group E1, which received 25% ethanol and a surgical cavity filled only by a blood clot, and Group E2, which received 25% ethanol and a surgical cavity filled with Gen-ox®. The animals were euthanized at 10, 20, 40 and 60 days after surgery and necropsy was performed. The histomorphological and histometric analyses of the area of connective tissue and bone neoformation showed that the reorganization of the bone marrow and full repair of the surgical cavity in Group E1 occurred more quickly than in Group E2. It was also noted that in the final period the animals in Group E2 showed areas of connective tissue and thick bone trabeculae around the particles of the implant. It can be concluded that the use of Gen-ox® delayed the process of bone repair in alcoholic rats, although it can be used as filling material because it shows osteoconductive activity, as evidenced by bone tissue formation around the graft particles.

Histologic Analysis of the Oral Mucosa Lining Osseointegrated Implant Cover Screws: A Study in Humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
André Alan Nahas ◽  
Paula Dechichi ◽  
Denildo de Magalhães ◽  
Andreia Espíndola Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Histologic Analysis ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics ◽  
Osseointegrated Implant ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Abstract Osseointegrated dental implants are inserted into the alveolar ridge, and for them to function as tooth replacements, the surrounding tissues need to adapt to them. Just as with teeth, dental implants traverse the oral mucosa and have access to the contaminated environment of the oral cavity. Therefore, periodontal and peri-implant tissues are important for establishing a protective barrier. The aim of the present study was to perform a histologic analysis of the mucosa surrounding osseointegrated implant cover screws. For this study, 17 mucosal specimens were obtained from 12 patients during the second surgical session for implant exposure to the oral environment. After histologic preparation, specimens were sectioned perpendicularly to the mucosal surface to a thickness of about 3 µm, stained with 1% toluidine blue, and examined under light microscopy. All specimens showed a keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium with well-defined strata. In the lamina propria, unorganized dense connective tissue was noted in the reticular layer, and in 4 samples, a chronic inflammatory infiltrate was seen in this region. The papillary layer presented tall connective papillae consisting of loose connective tissue. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis that the mucosa that conceals osseointegrated implant cover screws has the same morphologic characteristics as the alveolar masticatory mucosa. Furthermore, clinical conditions of normality in peri-implant tissues may not coincide with situations of histologic normality.

scholarly journals Induction of reparative dentin by calcium silicate-based material as direct pulp capping agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Mozammal Hossain ◽  
Mahmood Sajedeen ◽  
Yukio Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Direct Pulp Capping ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Exposure Site ◽  
Reparative Dentin ◽  
Dentin Formation ◽  
Reparative Dentin Formation

This study was performed to examine whether calcium silicate could induce reparative dentin formation without eliciting any adverse effect in direct pulp capping of premolar teeth. Twenty participants who need extraction of their 4 healthy permanent premolar teeth for orthodontic reasons were included in this study. Following the surgical procedure, the exposed pulp tissue was treated either with calcium silicate or covered with calcium hydroxide paste. On day 3, 7, 14 and 28, the experimental teeth was extracted and examined using light microscopy and histometric analysis to observe the inflammatory changes and the amount of reparative dentin formation. The results showed that in the calcium silicate treated teeth, substantial amounts of dentine-like tissue was formed on day 14 and mostly located on the exposure site. It was also observed in the calcium hydroxide treated teeth but dentin-like tissue located at a distance from the exposure site. The total amount of reparative dentine formed in the calcium silicate-treated teeth was significantly higher (p<0.005) than in the calcium hydroxide-treated specimens. In conclusion that the calcium silicate indices pulpal wound healing and reparative formation in the exposed teeth without affecting the normal function of the remaining pulp.

Connective Tissue Formation in Subcutaneous Cellulose Sponge Implants in the Rat

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Märtson ◽  
J. Viljanto ◽  
P. Laippala ◽  
P. Saukko
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Cellulose Sponge
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