scholarly journals Nuclear Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Some Natural Rocks by Using EPICS2017 Library

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4669
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sultan Al-Buriahi ◽  
M. I. Sayyed ◽  
Rashad A. R. Bantan ◽  
Yas Al-Hadeethi
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Olivine Basalt ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Absorption Length ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients

Radiation leakage is a serious problem in various technological applications. In this paper, radiation shielding characteristics of some natural rocks are elucidated. Mass attenuation coefficients (µ/ρ) of these rocks are obtained at different photon energies with the help of the EPICS2017 library. The obtained µ/ρ values are confirmed via the theoretical XCOM program by determining the correlation factor and relative deviation between both of these methods. Then, effective atomic number (Zeff), absorption length (MFP), and half value layer (HVL) are evaluated by applying the µ/ρ values. The maximum μ/ρ values of the natural rocks were observed at 0.37 MeV. At this energy, the Zeff values of the natural rocks were 16.23, 16.97, 17.28, 10.43, and 16.65 for olivine basalt, jet black granite, limestone, sandstone, and dolerite, respectively. It is noted that the radiation shielding features of the selected natural rocks are higher than that of conventional concrete and comparable with those of commercial glasses. Therefore, the present rocks can be used in various radiation shielding applications, and they have many advantages for being clean and low-cost products. In addition, we found that the EPICS2017 library is useful in determining the radiation shielding parameters for the rocks and may be used for further calculations for other rocks and construction building materials.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Novel (Biopolymer Blend-Lead Oxide Nanoparticles) Nanocomposites: Structural and Optical Properties for Low-Cost Nuclear Radiation Shielding

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hashim ◽  
K.H.H. Al-Attiyah ◽  
S. F. Obaid
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients

Low-cost polymer nanocomposites prepared for the nuclear radiation shielding have highly linear attenuation coefficients, light weight, and elastic, good mechanical, optical, and dielectric properties. The carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)–polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) polymeric blend is prepared with concentrations: 60 wt.% CMC and 40 wt.% PVP. The lead oxide nanoparticles are added to the CMC–PVP blend with different concentrations: 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%. The structural and optical properties of (CMC–PVP–PbO2) nanocomposites are studied. The results show that the absorbance of the (CMC–PVP) blend increases and the energy band gap decreases, as the concentration of PbO2 nanoparticles increases. The optical constants of the (CMC–PVP) blend increase with the concentration of lead oxide nanoparticles. The (CMC–PVP–PbO2) nanocomposites have highly linear attenuation coefficients for gamma radiation.

scholarly journals In Silicon Monte Carlo Simulation Trials for Investigation of V2O5 Reinforcement Effect on Ternary Zinc Borate Glasses: Nuclear Radiation Shielding Dynamics

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Huseyin O. Tekin ◽  
Shams A. M. Issa ◽  
Gokhan Kilic ◽  
Hesham M. H. Zakaly ◽  
Mohamed M. Abuzaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Zinc Borate ◽  
Linear Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Buildup Factor ◽  
Glass Composites ◽  
Mcnpx Code ◽  
Negative Effect

In the current study, promising glass composites based on vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)-doped zinc borate (ZnB) were investigated in terms of their nuclear-radiation-shielding dynamics. The mass and linear attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, mean free path, tenth-value layer, effective atomic number, exposure-buildup factor, and energy-absorption-buildup factor were deeply simulated by using MCNPX code, Phy-X PSD code, and WinXcom to study the validation of ZBV1, ZBV2, ZBV3, and ZBV4 based on (100−x)(0.6ZnO-0.4B2O3)(x)(V2O5) (x = 1, 2, 3, 4 mol%) samples against ionizing radiation. The results showed that attenuation competencies of the studied glasses slightly changed while increasing the V2O5 content from 1 mol% to 4 mol%. The domination of ZnO concentration in the composition compared to B2O3 makes ZnO substitution with V2O5 more dominant, leading to a decrease in density. Since density has a significant role in the attenuation of gamma rays, a negative effect was observed. It can be concluded that the aforementioned substitution can negatively affect the shielding competencies of studied glasses.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Radiation Shielding Competence of Bi2O3-CaO-K2O-Na2O-P2O5 Glass Systems

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5061
Author(s):  
Dalal Abdullah Aloraini ◽  
Aljawhara H. Almuqrin ◽  
M. I. Sayyed ◽  
Hanan Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linear Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Theoretical Results

The gamma-ray shielding features of Bi2O3-CaO-K2O-Na2O-P2O5 glass systems were experimentally reported. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) for the fabricated glasses was experimentally measured at seven energy values (between 0.0595 and 1.33 MeV). The compatibility between the practical and theoretical results shows the accuracy of the results obtained in the laboratory for determining the MAC of the prepared samples. The mass and linear attenuation coefficients (MACs) increase with the addition of Bi2O3 and A4 glass possesses the highest MAC and LAC. A downward trend in the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) with increasing the energy from 0.0595 to 1.33 MeV is found. The highest LAC is found at 1.33 MeV (in the range of 0.092–0.143 cm−1). The effective atomic number (Zeff) follows the order B1 > A1 > A2 > A3 > A4. This order emphasizes that increasing the content of Bi2O3 has a positive effect on the photon shielding proficiencies owing to the higher density of Bi2O3 compared with Na2O. The half value layer (HVL) is also determined and the HVL for the tested glasses is computed between 0.106 and 0.958 cm at 0.0595 MeV. The glass with 10 mol% of Bi2O3 has lower HVL than the glasses with 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mol% of Bi2O3. So, the A4 glass needs a smaller thickness than the other glasses to shield the same radiation. As a result of the reported shielding parameters, inserting B2O3 provides lower values of these three parameters, which in turn leads to the development of superior photons shields.

scholarly journals Novel HMO-Glasses with Sb2O3 and TeO2 for Nuclear Radiation Shielding Purposes: A Comparative Analysis with Traditional and Novel Shields

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4330
Author(s):  
Ghada ALMisned ◽  
Huseyin Ozan Tekin ◽  
Shams A. M. Issa ◽  
Miray Çelikbilek Ersundu ◽  
Ali Erçin Ersundu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Energy Factors ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Removal Cross Section ◽  
Detrimental Impact

The radiation shielding characteristics of samples from two TeO2 and Sb2O3-based basic glass groups were investigated in this research. TeO2 and Sb2O3-based glasses were determined in the research as six samples with a composition of 10WO3-(x)MoO3-(90 − x)(TeO2/Sb2O3) (x = 10, 20, 30). A general purpose MCNPX Monte Carlo code and Phy-X/PSD platform were used to estimate the radiation shielding characteristics. Accordingly, the linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer, mean free path, variation of the effective atomic number with photon energy, exposure and built-up energy factors, and effective removal cross-section values were determined. It was determined that the results that were produced using the two different techniques were consistent. Based on the collected data, the most remarkable findings were found to be associated with the sample classified as T80 (10WO3 + 10MoO3 + 80TeO2). The current study showed that material density was as equally important as composition in modifying radiation shielding characteristics. With the T80 sample with the greatest density (5.61 g/cm3) achieving the best results. Additionally, the acquired findings were compared to the radiation shielding characteristics of various glass and concrete materials. Increasing the quantity of MoO3 additive, a known heavy metal oxide, in these TeO2 and Sb2O3-based glasses may have a detrimental impact on the change in radiation shielding characteristics.

scholarly journals Tailoring bismuth borate glasses by incorporating PbO/GeO2 for protection against nuclear radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Anisha Jain ◽  
M. I. Sayyed ◽  
Farah Laariedh ◽  
K. A. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Photon Energy ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Neutron Shielding ◽  
Bismuth Borate ◽  
Removal Cross Section ◽  
Buildup Factors

AbstractNuclear radiation shielding capabilities for a glass series 20Bi2O3 − xPbO − (80 − 2x)B2O3 − xGeO2 (where x = 5, 10, 20, and 30 mol%) have been investigated using the Phy-X/PSD software and Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code. The mass attenuation coefficients (μm) of selected samples have been estimated through XCOM dependent Phy-X/PSD program and MCNP-5 code in the photon-energy range 0.015–15 MeV. So obtained μm values are used to calculate other γ-ray shielding parameters such as half-value layer (HVL), mean-free-path (MFP), etc. The calculated μm values were found to be 71.20 cm2/g, 76.03 cm2/g, 84.24 cm2/g, and 90.94 cm2/g for four glasses S1 to S4, respectively. The effective atomic number (Zeff)values vary between 69.87 and 17.11 for S1 or 75.66 and 29.11 for S4 over 0.05–15 MeV of photon-energy. Sample S4, which has a larger PbO/GeO2 of 30 mol% in the bismuth-borate glass, possesses the lowest MFP and HVL, providing higher radiation protection efficiency compared to all other combinations. It shows outperformance while compared the calculated parameters (HVL and MFP) with the commercial shielding glasses, different alloys, polymers, standard shielding concretes, and ceramics. Geometric Progression (G-P) was applied for evaluating the energy absorption and exposure buildup factors at energies 0.015–15 MeV with penetration depths up to 40 mfp. The buildup factors showed dependence on the MFP and photon-energy as well. The studied samples' neutron shielding behavior was also evaluated by calculating the fast neutron removal cross-section (ΣR), i.e. found to be 0.139 cm−1 for S1, 0.133 cm−1 for S2, 0.128 cm−1 for S3, and 0.12 cm−1 for S4. The results reveal a great potential for using a glass composite sample S4 in radiation protection applications.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Mass Attenuation Coefficients, Effective Atomic Numbers and Electron Densities for Compounds of Painkiller

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 034-037
Author(s):  
Tekerek Saniye
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Radiation Physics ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Effective Electron ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Effective Atomic Numbers ◽  
Gamma Radiations

In this study the effects of gamma radiations with compounds are an important subject in the field of medicine, radiation shielding and radiation physics. With technological advances the using of radiation has increased in the medicine in the last century. The mass absorpsion coefficient (µ/ρ) is the fundamental a quantity characterizing gamma ray and is of major importance in radiation shielding. In this study, the mass absorption coefficient of painkillers named Ketoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Etodolac, Ibuprofen, Meloxicam, Diclofenac and Aspirin were calculated at energy range from 4.65 keV to 59.543 keV using the WinXCom data programme. In addition total atomic (σta), moleculer (σtm), electronic cross-section (σte), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff) were calculated.

scholarly journals Optimizing the shielding properties of strength-enhanced concrete containing marble

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 120005
Author(s):  
Ahmed ABDEL-LATIF ◽  
Maged Kassab ◽  
M. I. Sayyed ◽  
H. O. Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Neutron Radiation ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Removal Cross Section ◽  
Shielding Properties

The purpose of this study is to develop a low cost, locally produced concrete mixture with optimum marble content. The resulting mixture would have enhanced strength properties compared to the non-marble reference concrete, and improved radiation shielding properties. To accomplish these goals five concrete mixtures were prepared, containing 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% marble waste powder as a cement replacement on the basis of weight.These samples were subjected to a compressive strength test. The shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficients μm, mean free path MFP, effective atomic number $Z_{eff}$ and exposure build-up factors EBF were measured, and results were compared with those obtained using the WinXcom program and MCNPX code in the photon energy range of 0.015 - 3 MeV. Moreover, the macroscopic fast neutron removal cross-section (neutron attenuation coefficient) was calculated and the results presented. The results show that the sample which contains 10% marble has the highest compressive strength and potentiallygood gamma ray and neutron radiation shielding properties.

scholarly journals Influence of GGBS- based Geopolymer Aggregate on Compressive Strength of Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1803-1808
Author(s):  
Mrs. Jayadurgalakshmi.M, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Building Component ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
Furnace Slag

Concrete is the most widely used building component in the world due to its versatility, low cost and durability. Most common coarse aggregate used in the construction are stones which is obtained from quarry. The demand for coarse aggregate in the construction industry has consequently increased due to the extensive use of natural resources. It has necessitated research into alternative materials of construction. This research aims to find the alternate material for coarse aggregate by using Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) clinker and to determine the hardened properties of non-conventional concrete in M20 Grade. The aggregate utilized in this work is an Eco friendly material, which replace the conventional coarse aggregate to preserve the depletion of natural resources. It is abundantly available than the conventional aggregate and reduce pollution. This paper focuses on investigating characteristics of concrete with replacement of coarse aggregate by GGBS Clinker. This study deals with the GGBS clinker advantages and limitations in concrete.  The usage of GGBS clinker serves as a replacement of conventional aggregate to reduce the depletion of conventional building materials. It serves as an Eco friendly way of utilizing the by- product without dumping it on ground.

scholarly journals A Systematical Characterization of TeO2–V2O5 Glass System Using Boron (III) Oxide and Neodymium (III) Oxide Substitution: Resistance Behaviors against Ionizing Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3035
Author(s):  
H. O. Tekin ◽  
Shams A. M. Issa ◽  
G. Kilic ◽  
Hesham M. H. Zakaly ◽  
N. Tarhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Glass System ◽  
Buildup Factor ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation ◽  
Buildup Factors

This study aimed to perform an extensive characterization of a 74.75TeO2–0.25V2O5–(25 − x)B2O3-xNd2O3 glass system with (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mol%) for radiation shielding properties. Linear and mass attenuation coefficients were determined using Phy-X PSD software and compared with the simulation using Monte Carlo software MCNPX (version 2.7.0). Half value layer, mean free path, tenth value layer, effective atomic number, exposure buildup factor, and energy absorption buildup factors of VTBNd0.0, VTBNd0.5, VTBNd1.0, and VTBNd1.5 glasses were determined, respectively. The results showed that boron (III) oxide and neodymium (III) oxide substitution has an obvious impact on the gamma ray attenuation properties of the studied glasses. It can be concluded that the VTBNd1.5 sample with the highest content of neodymium (III) oxide (1.5 mol%) is the superior sample for shielding of gamma radiation in the investigated energy range.

scholarly journals Interaction studies and gamma-ray properties of some low-Z materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rameshwar Bhosale ◽  
Dhammajyot Gaikwad ◽  
Pravina Pawar ◽  
Madhav Rode
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electron Densities ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Effective Electron ◽  
Plastic Industry ◽  
Effective Atomic Numbers ◽  
Set Up

In present work we use NaI(Tl) detector in narrow-beam good geometry set-up for the gamma ray attenuation studies of some low-Z materials. The parameters such as mass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers and effective electron densities, atomic cross-sections, electronic cross-sections of materials for graphitic powder, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, plaster of Paris, gypsum, and limestone were determined using gamma ray sources 57Co, 133Ba, 137Bs, 60Co, and 22Na at energies of 122, 356, 511, 662, 840, 1170, 1275, and 1330 keV. It was observed that the effective atomic numbers and effective electron densities initially decrease and tend to be almost constant as a function of gamma-ray energy. An attempt was done to check the availability of these low-Z materials at large scales and obtainable at low cost as gamma ray shielding materials. The investigated data are useful in electronic industry, plastic industry, building materials, and agriculture fields.

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