scholarly journals Multivariable Control of Solar Battery Power by Extremum Seeking: Starting from Linear Analysis

Machines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Kirpichnikova ◽  
A.Yu. Sologubov
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Sparse Matrix ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Extremum Seeking ◽  
Analytical Relationship ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Relationship Of

In this study, we tried to combine maximum power point trackers (MPPT) and «Extremum Seeking» in a single multi-parameter extremum seekeng system for orienting solar panels and draw attention to the problem of a deeper study of nonlinear adaptive control using appropriate methods for their analysis. MPPT controller becomes one of the extremum seeking loops, and as a result, the maximum power is achieved not only by searching for the optimal voltage value, but also due to the optimal angular position of the solar panel in Euclidean space, because the photocurrent depends on the angle of inclination of the Sun’s rays to the surface. The task of tuning extremum seeking loops becomes more analytically difficult, which is associated with nonlinear and multiply connected properties. This requires starting the solution from a simpler “linear” level. We applied the approach associated with the passage of modulating oscillations with a given frequency and amplitude through an open-loop system. This approach, which is generalized in this work at least for extremum seeking of the solar panels power, should be used for approximate calculations if there are no strict requirements for convergence and energy loss for the search. Research design is as follows: parametric identification of the current-voltage and volt-watt curves; obtaining the transfer function by the semi-automated sparse matrix method; reducing the order of the transfer function of coordinate electric drives by introducing a scaling factor. To the most important theoretical result, we attribute the property of the generalized amplitude of the solar panel power oscillations with multi-parameter control to be a combination of input modulating oscillations superimposed on the signals of the control integrators. Having revealed the relationship of their properties, it becomes possible to eliminate non-linearity from the system and operate only with the analytical relationship of the input modulating oscillations and the generalized oscillation of the controlled parameter. We attribute the prediction of the effect to one of the most interesting physical results, in which, for the same amplitude of modulating oscillations, the amplitudes of the photocurrent oscillations and the power of the solar panel at different angular positions will be generally different.

scholarly journals The Thermoelectric Solar Panels

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ahiska ◽  
L. Nykyruy ◽  
G. Omer ◽  
G. Mateik
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Load Characteristics ◽  
Panel Surface

In this study, load characteristics of thermoelectric and photovoltaic solar panels areinvestigated and compared with each other with experiments. Thermoelectric solar panels convertsthe heat generated by sun directly to electricity; while, photovoltaic solar pales converts photonicenergy from sun to electricity. In both types, maximum power can be obtained when the loadresistance is equal to internal resistance. According to experimental results, power generated fromunit surface with thermoelectric panel is 30 times greater than the power generated by photovoltaicpanel. From a panel surface of 1 m2, thermoelectric solar panel has generated 4 kW electric power,while from the same surface, photovoltaic panel has generated 132 W only.

scholarly journals Solar Power-Based Thermo Electric Cooler (TEC) System

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Marhaposan Situmorang ◽  
Monika Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

Solar energy has been considered as a promising renewable energy source for electric power generation. Solar panel systems have become a popular object to be developed by researchers, but the low efficiency of solar panels in energy conversion is one of the weaknesses of this system. Factors that affect the output produced by solar panels are the intensity of sunlight and the working temperature of the solar panels. The solar panel module has a single operating point where the voltage and current outputs produce the maximum power output. There are three main methods in Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), namely conventional methods, artificial intelligence methods, and hybrid methods. In most solar panel systems, this study uses Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) with perturb and observe algorithms to maximize the use of solar energy. The maximum power point extracted by MPPT will be supplied to the battery and controlled by the Charge Controller. The energy stored in the battery will be used by the Thermo Electric Cooler cooling system to reach the desired temperature point using the keypad as temperature input.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of DC-DC Power Converter Variations in Solar Panel Systems Using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00026
Author(s):  
Mohammad Luthfansyah ◽  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Abu Bakarr Momodu Bangura
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Flower Pollination Algorithm ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method that can be used to optimize the electrical power output from solar panels. The performance of the MPPT method on solar panel systems can be influenced by many variables. One of them is the selection of a DC-DC power converter. DC-DC-DC Converter is a component that is used to optimize the performance of solar panels. Several types of DC-DC Converter are Buck, Buck-Boost, Single Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC), and CUK. Each converter has a different effect on solar panels output power. In order to observe and make a comprehensive analysis, simulations are performed through PSIM (Power Simulator) software on the performance of several DC-DC Converters that use Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) as the MPPT algorithm. Variables that observed are the output power characteristic, the response of the voltage-current ripple signal, and the accuracy of the converter in the process of reaching the maximum power point condition. As a result, CUK converter can obtain the highest value of solar panel output power, 145.02 W. A low ripple level with a stable power value response is entirely generated by CUK and SEPIC Converter. Overall, for this system, the CUK converter has better performance than the other converters.

scholarly journals Simulator Panel Surya Ekonomis untuk Pengujian MPPT pada Kondisi Berbayang Sebagian (Low Cost PV Photovoltaic Simulator for MPPT Testing under Partial Shading)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novie Ayub Windarko ◽  
Muhammad Nizar Habibi ◽  
Mochamad Ari Bagus Nugroho ◽  
Eka Prasetyono
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Dc Power Supply ◽  
Power Point

This paper describes a low-cost solar panel simulator for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method testing, especially under partially shading conditions. The simulator consists of a DC power supply and a solar panel. The simulator works to emulate the characteristics of solar panels without depending on artificial illumination or sunlight. The simulator can represent the needed irradiation through the settings on the DC power supply. The experimental setup is developed to emulate the characteristics of solar panels at Standard Test Conditions (STC) irradiation conditions as well as varying irradiation conditions. Testing is done to emulate irradiation varies from 200-1,000 W/m2. To emulate the characteristics of solar panels in partial shading conditions, two DC power supply units and two solar panels are used. Each solar panel is simulated to receive different solar irradiations. The test results show that the simulator can emulate the characteristics of solar panels under partial shading conditions which has several maximum power points. Furthermore, partial shading conditions are simulated under varying irradiation conditions which resulted varying maximum power point values.

scholarly journals Implementation of Maximum Power Point Tracking to Improving the Solar Cell Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Sepannur Bandri ◽  
Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini ◽  
Andi Sofian
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

The sun is one of renewable energy sources. The use of sunlight using solar panels as a power plant began to be developed to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Solar panels have the advantage of being environmentally friendly because they do not have pollution-generating waste, are inexpensive and easy to apply. The power generated by solar panel is influenced by temperature and light intensity factor. The main problem of using solar panels is its efficiency is still low. This research presents an attempt to improve the energy conversion efficiency by solar panels by using Maximum Power Point Tracking method. The main principle of this method is adjusting the output voltage from the solar panel to obtain maximum power for different intensity of sunlight. The solar panel output voltage setting is performed using a buck boost converter controlled by MPPT system. The simulation results show that the use of this method of solar panel output power is higher by 64,78% -87,06% than without MPPT.

scholarly journals System Design of MPPT Incremental Conductance on Zeta Converter Connected Solar Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 030-034
Author(s):  
Jendra Sesoca ◽  
Bambang Siswojo ◽  
Ponco Siwindarto
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Incremental Conductance ◽  
Incremental Conductance Algorithm

MPPT Incremental Conductance algorithm has a function to obtain maximum power points on a solar panel. This MPPT Incremental Conductance works based on the P-V curve of the solar panel. In order to obtain better power results, the MPPT Incremental Conductance system will be connected to the zeta converter. The zeta converter is a DC-DC converter that is a development of the SEPIC converter. This converter can also produce good efficiency. In this research will compare the power generated with 2 different methods, solar panels connected with zeta converter without using MPPT Incremental Conductance and solar panels connected zeta converter using MPPT Incremental Conductance. The result of the research obtained is that solar panels connected to zeta converter using MPPT Incremental Conductance can produce better power than not using MPPT Incremental Conductance.

Analisa Optimasi Photovoltaic(PV) 100 W Menggunakan MPPT dengan Alogaritma Perturb dan Observe

eLEKTRIKA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Puji Setiyawan ◽  
Sukarno Budi Utomo ◽  
Agus Adhi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

<p><em>This article reviews the optimization of energy generated by solar panels using MPPT. The need for increased power that </em><br /><em>can be done using MPPT with the P&amp;O algorithm that goes to the load is proven because of the addition of influencing factors.</em><br /><em>MPPT A technique for keeping solar panels working. to stay within the Maximum Power point (MPP) area. MPP is a point</em><br /><em>or point in the VI curve or VP curve in the solar panel where the solar panel works at maximum efficiency and releases</em><br /><em>maximum power. The P&amp;O algorithm is used to keep the MPPT power out panel always in the MPP area by changing the</em><br /><em>voltage value before MPPT and after the MPPT Comparison of the results of modeling with the use of techniques developed</em><br /><em>and special computer programs that have shown satisfactory results. Through comparison of the output power that comes out</em><br /><em>of the solar panel using MPPT 16.86406 W and without using MPPT of 13.63239 or experiencing an increase of 23%.</em></p>

scholarly journals Perbandingan Perolehan Daya Solar Panel Monocrystalline Terhadap Solar Panel Polycrystalline

ELKHA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Ervan Pratama ◽  
Richa Watiasih
Keyword(s):  
Power Conversion ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Control Voltage ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Arduino Uno

The availability of two types of solar panels that are common in the market namely monocrystalline and polycrystalline types cause confusion in the selection so that many solar panel users are questioning the differences of these two types of solar panel. This study produced a data logger system using Arduino Uno R3 to control voltage, current and temperature sensors for logging data that stores power measurement data from monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panel in a micro SD. After it we can manage data to compare power produced between two types the solar panel. From the results of testing this data logger system it can be seen that monocrystalline solar panel are 9.18% better on power produced than polycrystalline when the maximum power conversion is generated.

Comparison between Seven MPPT Techniques Implemented in a Buck Converter

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-486
Author(s):  
Lahcen El Mentaly ◽  
Abdellah Amghar ◽  
Hassan Sahsah
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Power Point

Background: The solar field on our planet is inexhaustible, which favors the use of photovoltaic electricity which generates no nuisance: no greenhouse gases, no waste. Methods: It is a high value-added energy that is produced directly at the place of consumption through photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. Notwithstanding these advantages, the maximum power depends strongly on solar irradiation and temperature, which means that a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller must be inserted between the PV panel and the load in order to follow the Maximum Power Point (MPP) continuously and in real time. In this work, MPP’s behavior was simulated at different temperatures and solar irradiations using seven techniques which identify the MPP by different methods. Results: The novelty of this work is that the seven MPPT methods were compared according to a very selective criterion which is the MPPT efficiency as well as a purely digital duty cycle control without using the PI controller. The simulation under the PSIM software shows that the FLC, TP, FSCC, TG, HC and IC methods have almost the same efficiency of 99%, whereas the FOCV method had a low efficiency of 96%. Conclusion: This makes it possible to conclude that the best methods are FLC, HC and IC because they use fewer sensors compared to the rest.

Relationship of gain and phase in the transfer function of swirling flames

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqing Wang ◽  
Jianyi Zheng ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Xunchen Liu ◽  
Fei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Swirling Flames ◽  
Relationship Of
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