scholarly journals Can You Identify These Celebrities? A Network Analysis on Differences between Word and Face Recognition

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Moret-Tatay ◽  
Inmaculada Baixauli-Fortea ◽  
M. Dolores Grau Sevilla ◽  
Tatiana Quarti Irigaray
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Masked Repetition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Repetition Priming Effect ◽  
Vast Range

Face recognition is located in the fusiform gyrus, which is also related to other tasks such word recognition. Although these two processes have several similarities, there are remarkable differences that include a vast range of approaches, which results from different groups of participants. This research aims to examine how the word-processing system processes faces at different moments and vice versa. Two experiments were carried out. Experiment 1 allowed us to examine the classical discrimination task, while Experiment 2 allowed us to examine very early moments of discrimination. In the first experiment, 20 Spanish University students volunteered to participate. Secondly, a sample of 60 participants from different nationalities volunteered to take part in Experiment 2. Furthermore, the role of sex and place of origin were considered in Experiment 1. No differences between men and women were found in Experiment 1, nor between conditions. However, Experiment 2 depicted shorter latencies for faces than word names, as well as a higher masked repetition priming effect for word identities and word names preceded by faces. Emerging methodologies in the field might help us to better understand the relationship among these two processes. For this reason, a network analysis approach was carried out, depicting sub-communities of nodes related to face or word name recognition, which were replicated across different groups of participants. Bootstrap inferences are proposed to account for variability in estimating the probabilities in the current samples. This supports that both processes are related to early moments of recognition, and rather than being independent, they might be bilaterally distributed with some expert specializations or preferences.

The Role of Computer Attitudes in Enhancing Computer Competence in Training

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Downey ◽  
Lloyd A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Computer Attitudes ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Computer Competence ◽  
The Relationship

Computer competence is poorly conceptualized and inconsistently measured. This study clarifies computer competence and examines its relationship with anxiety, affect, and pessimism, along with self-efficacy and previous experience. Using a survey of 610 end users, the strengths of anxiety, affect (positive), pessimism, self-efficacy, and previous experience were compared for nine different competency measures in seven different domains, including word processing, email applications, spreadsheets, graphic programs, databases, web design, and overall computing. Results suggest that for most domains, affect and anxiety are significant predictors, as are self-efficacy and previous experience, but pessimism is not. In addition, competence in a domain was found to mediate the relationship between competence and its antecedents. These results suggest that organizations focus not only on skills training, but on ways to enhance computing attitudes during the training process.

scholarly journals Employee Engagement and Perceived Financial Performance: A Serene Insight

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Y. Anuradha Iddagoda ◽  
Kennedy D. Gunawardana
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vast Range

Employee engagement encompasses and connects a vast range of management discipline which turns it to be a wide spread concept. The correlation between employee engagement and perceived financial performance has rarely been studied. The intention of this study scrutinizes the connection between employee engagement and perceived financial performance. Based on data extracted from 67 HR managers in the listed companies in Sri Lanka, the study investigates two hypothesized relationships; the relationship between employee engagement and perceived financial performance, and the mediating role of employee job performance on the relationship between employee engagement and perceived financial performance. These ideas initiate important discussion for academics and practitioners.

scholarly journals Role Of Intuition And Mindfulness On Problem - Solving:– A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Abirami Swaminathan, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Process System ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this review was to understand the features and functions of two apparently conflicting constructs “intuition” and “mindfulness” with specific focus on problem solving. Literature published between 2010 and 2020 was searched and retrieved from data bases including Research Gate, PsycINFO, EBSCO, Crossref, Medline, PubMed and Scopus, using the key words “intuition”, “mindfulness”, “intuition and problem solving”, “mindfulness and problem solving” and “intuition and mindfulness” for the study. The relationship between the two constructs was analysed within the dual process system of information processing. It was also investigated whether mindfulness would facilitate access to intuition and contribute to problem solving, or function complementary to each other. Analysis of published literature revealed that while the construct ‘intuition’ could be fitted into non-conscious system of cognitive process, the construct ‘mindfulness’ was related to conscious cognitive processing system, and therefore appeared to be contradictory. A critical evaluation of the relationship between the two constructs revealed a symbiotic relationship and emphasized the need to develop an integrated model to trigger intuition in mindful state with regard to problem-solving or decision-making.

scholarly journals Fratricide in rebel movements: A network analysis of Syrian militant infighting

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Kalah Gade ◽  
Mohammed M Hafez ◽  
Michael Gabbay
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Latent Space ◽  
Space Modeling ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Violent conflict among rebels is a common feature of civil wars and insurgencies. Yet, not all rebel groups are equally prone to such infighting. While previous research has focused on the systemic causes of violent conflict within rebel movements, this article explores the factors that affect the risk of conflict between pairs of rebel groups. We generate hypotheses concerning how differences in power, ideology, and state sponsors between rebel groups impact their propensity to clash and test them using data from the Syrian civil war. The data, drawn from hundreds of infighting claims made by rebel groups on social media, are used to construct a network of conflictual ties among 30 rebel groups. The relationship between the observed network structure and the independent variables is evaluated using network analysis metrics and methods including assortativity, community structure, simulation, and latent space modeling. We find strong evidence that ideologically distant groups have a higher propensity for infighting than ideologically proximate ones. We also find support for power asymmetry, meaning that pairs of groups of disparate size are at greater risk of infighting than pairs of equal strength. No support was found for the proposition that sharing state sponsors mitigates rebels’ propensity for infighting. Our results provide an important corrective to prevailing theory, which discounts the role of ideology in militant factional dynamics within fragmented conflicts.

scholarly journals Transferring Knowledge in a Knowledge-in-Use Task—Investigating the Role of Knowledge Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Kubsch ◽  
Israel Touitou ◽  
Jeffrey Nordine ◽  
David Fortus ◽  
Knut Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Achievement Goal Orientation ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Mastery Goal Orientation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Successful Transfer

Knowledge-in-Use, i.e., the ability to apply what one has learned, is a major goal of education and involves the ability to transfer one’s knowledge. While some general principles of knowledge transfer have been revealed, the literature is full of inconclusive results and it remains hard to predict successful transfer. However, research into expertise suggests that how one organizes one’s knowledge is critical for successful transfer. Drawing on data from a larger study on the learning of energy, we employed network analysis to investigate how the organization of students’ knowledge about energy influenced their ability to transfer and what role achievement goal orientation may have played in this. We found that students that had more coherently organized knowledge networks were more successful in transfer. Furthermore, we also found a connection between mastery goal orientation and the organization of students’ knowledge networks. Our results extend the literature by providing evidence for a direct connection between the organization of students’ knowledge networks, their success in transfer, and their goal orientation and hint at the complexities in the relationship between mastery approach goal orientation and successful transfer beyond what is reported in the literature.

Cognitive Reasoning Processes and Identity Achievement: Mediating Role of Identity Processing Styles

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-476
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Suninder Tung
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Processing Styles ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cognitive Reasoning ◽  
Identity Achievement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Identity Processing

The present study aimed to investigate the direct as well as indirect effect (through identity processing styles) of cognitive reasoning processes (rational-experiential processing systems) on identity achievement. In this model, identity processing styles serve as a catalyst for cognitive reasoning and identity achievement. For this purpose, a sample of 250 boys and 250 girls with age ranging from 15-20 years (M = 17.62; SD = 1.85) was taken. Identity Style Inventory-3 (Berzonsky, 1992), Rational Experiential Inventory-Adolescents (Marks et al., 2008), and Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity (Bennion & Adams, 1986) were administered on the sample. The mediating role of identity processing styles in the relationship of cognitive reasoning and identity achievement was investigated. The results of Multiple Hierarchical Regression analyses revealed that the relation between rational processing system and identity achievement was partially mediated by informational identity processing style. In addition, the relationship between experiential processing system and identity achievement was completely mediated by two identity processing styles-informational and normative. The current study findings were considered in terms of socio-cognitive model of formation of identity.

The Relationship between Governance Networks and Social Networks: Progress, Problems and Prospects

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaby Ramia ◽  
Roger Patulny ◽  
Greg Marston ◽  
Kyla Cassells
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
The Social ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Governance Networks ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

A governance networks literature that uses social network analysis has emerged, but research tends to be more technical than conceptual. This restricts its accessibility and usefulness for non-quantitative scholars and practitioners alike. Furthermore, the literature has not adequately appreciated the importance of informal networking for the effective operation of governance networks. This can hinder inter-disciplinary analysis. Through a critical review, this article identifies four areas of challenge for the governance networks literature and offers four corresponding, complementary sets of concepts from the social network analysis field: (a) the difference between policy networks and governance networks, (b) the role and status of people in governance networks, (c) the ‘dark side’ of networks and the role of power differentials within them and (d) network evaluation and the question of ‘what works’ in network management. The article argues that a less technical, more accessible account of social network analysis offers an additional lens through which to view governance networks.

scholarly journals Network Analysis of the Potential Role of DNA Methylation in the Relationship between Plasma Carotenoids and Lipid Profile

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte L. Tremblay ◽  
Frédéric Guénard ◽  
Benoît Lamarche ◽  
Louis Pérusse ◽  
Marie-Claude Vohl
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Variability in plasma carotenoids may be attributable to several factors including genetic variants and lipid profile. Until now, the impact of DNA methylation on this variability has not been widely studied. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) is a systems biology method used for finding gene clusters (modules) with highly correlated methylation levels and for relating them to phenotypic traits. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of DNA methylation in the relationship between plasma total carotenoid concentrations and lipid profile using WGCNA in 48 healthy subjects. Genome-wide DNA methylation levels of 20,687 out of 472,245 CpG sites in blood leukocytes were associated with total carotenoid concentrations. Using WGCNA, nine co-methylation modules were identified. A total of 2734 hub genes (17 unique top hub genes) were potentially related to lipid profile. This study provides evidence for the potential implications of gene co-methylation in the relationship between plasma carotenoids and lipid profile. Further studies and validation of the hub genes are needed.

The Role of Computer Attitudes in Enhancing Computer Competence in Training

2012 ◽  
pp. 265-285
Author(s):  
James P. Downey ◽  
Lloyd A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
End Users ◽  
Computer Attitudes ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Computer Competence ◽  
The Relationship

Computer competence is poorly conceptualized and inconsistently measured. This study clarifies computer competence and examines its relationship with anxiety, affect, and pessimism, along with self-efficacy and previous experience. Using a survey of 610 end users, the strengths of anxiety, affect (positive), pessimism, self-efficacy, and previous experience were compared for nine different competency measures in seven different domains, including word processing, email applications, spreadsheets, graphic programs, databases, web design, and overall computing. Results suggest that for most domains, affect and anxiety are significant predictors, as are self-efficacy and previous experience, but pessimism is not. In addition, competence in a domain was found to mediate the relationship between competence and its antecedents. These results suggest that organizations focus not only on skills training, but on ways to enhance computing attitudes during the training process.

scholarly journals Polish and Swedish journalist-politician Twitter networks: Who are the gatekeepers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-150
Author(s):  
Elena Johansson ◽  
Jacek Nożewski
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Extra Space ◽  
Political Sources ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between journalists and political sources takes different forms and extends from adversarial to advocating. Th e question which side ‘leads the tango’ has always been central to this approach. Since technological development has led to hybridization of themedia systems, the nature of communication has been reshaped in many ways. The emergence of social media has challenged the journalistic profession, especially journalists’ role as gatekeepers, but provided extra space for interaction with sources. Increasing professionalization of politics has reinforced the role of press secretaries/advisers. This is a comparative study of interaction among Polish and Swedish journalists, ministers, and press secretaries in Twitter provided by network analysis and three social network concepts as density, modularity, and centralization. In this analysis, a more influential position is conceptualized in terms of ‘communicative resources’ or ‘accumulated capacity’. Swedish journalists have more opportunities to act as gatekeepers or ‘key users’ in the Twitter network; in Poland, it is rather the political side.

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