scholarly journals Estimation of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in Relation to Leisure-Time Physical Activity: A Cohort Study

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miglė Bacevičienė ◽  
Dalia Lukšienė ◽  
Gailutė Bernotienė ◽  
Abdonas Tamošiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background and Objective. Epidemiologists agree that physical activity has a protective role in morbidity and mortality mainly through its positive impact on risk factors. So far, most studies have confirmed that CVD risk decreases with an increasing physical activity level, but it is not known what level of physical activity is already sufficient for mortality risk reduction. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore long-term associations between leisure-time physical activity and mortality risk in the Lithuanian urban population. Material and Methods. The MONICA study (1992–1993) and the repeated health examination survey in 2001–2002 were organized as a cohort study of 2642 middle-aged inhabitants from the general Lithuanian population of Kaunas. Two random samples aged 35–64 years were examined in 1992–2002. Leisure-time physical activity was assessed by an interview method, asking about physically demanding activities at leisure time measured in hours. The study sample was pooled into 2 groups: inactive (first quartile) and active (second to fourth quartiles). Follow-up was carried out in terms of the endpoints reached from the baseline until December 31, 2010. Mortality data from the National Death Register were obtained. Results. Multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed an HR of 1.46 (95% CI, 1.15–1.85) for all-cause mortality and 1.73 (95% CI, 1.23–2.45) for CVD mortality in the lowest quartile of leisure-time physical activity compared with the higher ones. As much as 16.2% of all-cause mortality and 22.2% of CVD mortality was attributable to the lowest quartile of leisuretime physical activity. Conclusions. This study demonstrated a beneficial effect of leisure time physical activity on predicting all-cause and CVD mortality risk.

Independent and joint associations between leisure time physical activity and strength activities with mortality outcomes in older adults ≥65 years-of-age: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Nie ◽  
Michelle Haberstroh ◽  
Tania Acosta ◽  
Wentao Huang ◽  
Yafeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Scientific evidence regarding the combined effect of both aerobic leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and muscle strengthening activities on all-cause, CVD or cancer mortality in older adults is scant. The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between recommended physical activity and mortality in older adults ≥65 years-of-age. This prospective cohort study used data from the National Health Interview Surveys from 1997-2013 linked with mortality files through December 31, 2015 (n=89,962). The main outcomes included all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality. The main exposure variables were aerobic leisure time physical activity and guideline-concordant strength training during leisure time. Cox regression models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Muscle-strengthening activity at least twice per week were associated with lower hazards of all-cause mortality (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.88-0.96), CVD mortality (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.81-0.99) and cancer mortality (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.79-0.96). Those who reached the recommended weekly amount of LTPA, had lower hazard of all-cause mortality by 35% (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.63-0.67), the hazard of CVD 38% (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.58-0.67), and cancer mortality by 22% (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.73-0.84). The hazard of death among those who were physically active in both leisure time and engaged in muscle-strengthening activities were 0.57 (95% CI 0.54-0.60) for all-cause mortality, 0.53 (95% CI 0.47-0.61) for CVD mortality, and 0.66 (95% CI 0.58-0.75) for cancer mortality. Thus, engaging in muscle-strengthening activity ≥2 times/week may provide additional benefits among physically active older adults.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Mortality in CKD: A 1999–2012 NHANES Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 919-929
Author(s):  
Nan-Hui Zhang ◽  
Ran Luo ◽  
Yi-Chun Cheng ◽  
Shu-Wang Ge ◽  
Gang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
All Cause Mortality

<b><i>Background:</i></b> For patients with CKD, evidence on the optimal dose of physical activity and possible harm with excessive exercise is limited. This study aimed to analyze the dose-response association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and mortality in those with CKD and explore the optimal dose or possible harm associated with increased levels of LTPA. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 4,604 participants with CKD from the 1999 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys with linked mortality data obtained through 2015 were classified into 6 groups: 0, 1–149, 150–299, 300–599, 600–899, and ≥900 min/week based on the total duration of the self-reported LTPA. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine dose-response associations between LTPA and mortality. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the median follow-up of 114 months, 1,449 (31%) all-cause deaths were recorded. Compared to the inactive group (0 min/week), we observed a 22% lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63–0.97) among participants who performed 1–149 min per week for LTPA. The corresponding HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality for 150–299 and 300–599 min/week of LTPA were 0.79 (0.64–0.97) and 0.74 (0.56–0.98). The benefit appeared to reach a threshold of a 43% (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36–0.91) lower risk of all-cause mortality among individuals performing 600–899 min/week for LTPA. Importantly, for ≥900 min/week of LTPA, the continued benefits were observed (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44–0.87). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> LTPA was associated with lower mortality in those with CKD. The optimal dose was observed at the LTPA level of approximately 600–899 min/week, and there were still benefits rather than the excess risk with LTPA levels as high as ≥900 min/week. Therefore, clinicians should encourage inactive CKD patients to perform LTPA and do not need to discourage CKD patients who already adhere to long-term physical activity.

Effects of Leisure-Time and Occupational Physical Activity on Total Mortality Risk in NHANES III According to Sex, Ethnicity, Central Obesity, and Age

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Richard ◽  
Brian Martin ◽  
Miriam Wanner ◽  
Monika Eichholzer ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background:Associations of physical activity with all-cause mortality seem to be quite strong, but little is known about potential effect modifiers as sex, race/ethnicity, age, and obesity.Methods:Data of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), conducted 1988−1994 with mortality follow-up until 2006, were used to compare mortality risk between different levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and occupational physical activity (OPA). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results:LTPA (n = 15,307) was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64−0.88 for regular vs. no LTPA). There was a statistically significant interaction with age (P = .03), with participants over 60 years of age benefitting more from regular or irregular LTPA. OPA was positively associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.25, 95% CI 0.85−1.84 for high vs. low OPA), particularly among Mexican-Americans (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.23−4.22); statistically significant interactions were observed for obesity and gender.Conclusions:LTPA clearly predicts all-cause mortality. However, associations between OPA and all-cause mortality are unclear and need further research with special regard to ethnic differences.

scholarly journals Mortality reduction with physical activity in patients with and without cardiovascular disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (43) ◽  
pp. 3547-3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Woo Jeong ◽  
Sun-Hwa Kim ◽  
Si-Hyuck Kang ◽  
Hee-Jun Kim ◽  
Chang-Hwan Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Physical activity has been shown to reduce mortality in a dose-response fashion. Current guidelines recommend 500–1000 metabolic equivalent task (MET)-min per week of regular physical activity. This study aimed to compare the impact of leisure-time physical activity on mortality in primary versus secondary cardiovascular prevention. Methods and results This study included a total of 131 558 and 310 240 subjects with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD), respectively, from a population-based cohort. Leisure-time physical activity was measured by self-report questionnaires. The study subjects were followed-up for a median of 5.9 years, and the main study outcome was all-cause mortality. There was an inverse relationship between the physical activity level and the mortality risk in both groups. The benefit in the secondary prevention group was shown to be greater than that in the primary prevention group: every 500 MET-min/week increase in physical activity resulted in a 14% and 7% risk reduction in mortality in the secondary and primary prevention groups, respectively (interaction P < 0.001). In addition, while individuals without CVD benefited the most between 1 and 500 MET-min/week of physical activity, the benefit in those with CVD continued above 500 − 1000 MET-min/week. The adjusted mortality risk of individuals with CVD who performed a high level of physical activity (≥1000 MET-min/week) was shown to be comparable to or lower than that of their counterparts without CVD. Conclusion Individuals with CVD may benefit from physical activity to a greater extent than do healthy subjects without CVD.

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