Effects of Leisure-Time and Occupational Physical Activity on Total Mortality Risk in NHANES III According to Sex, Ethnicity, Central Obesity, and Age

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Richard ◽  
Brian Martin ◽  
Miriam Wanner ◽  
Monika Eichholzer ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background:Associations of physical activity with all-cause mortality seem to be quite strong, but little is known about potential effect modifiers as sex, race/ethnicity, age, and obesity.Methods:Data of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), conducted 1988−1994 with mortality follow-up until 2006, were used to compare mortality risk between different levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and occupational physical activity (OPA). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results:LTPA (n = 15,307) was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64−0.88 for regular vs. no LTPA). There was a statistically significant interaction with age (P = .03), with participants over 60 years of age benefitting more from regular or irregular LTPA. OPA was positively associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.25, 95% CI 0.85−1.84 for high vs. low OPA), particularly among Mexican-Americans (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.23−4.22); statistically significant interactions were observed for obesity and gender.Conclusions:LTPA clearly predicts all-cause mortality. However, associations between OPA and all-cause mortality are unclear and need further research with special regard to ethnic differences.

scholarly journals Do highly physically active workers die early? A systematic review with meta-analysis of data from 193 696 participants

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (20) ◽  
pp. 1320-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Coenen ◽  
Maaike A Huysmans ◽  
Andreas Holtermann ◽  
Niklas Krause ◽  
Willem van Mechelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Low Level ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
High Level

ObjectiveRecent evidence suggests the existence of a physical activity paradox, with beneficial health outcomes associated with leisure time physical activity, but detrimental health outcomes for those engaging in high level occupational physical activity. This is the first quantitative systematic review of evidence regarding the association between occupational physical activity and all-cause mortality.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourceA literature search was performed in electronic databases PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Cochrane.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe screened for peer reviewed articles from prospective studies assessing the association of occupational physical activity with all-cause mortality. A meta-analysis assessed the association of high (compared with low) level occupational physical activity with all-cause mortality, estimating pooled hazard ratios (HR) (with 95% CI).Results2490 unique articles were screened and 33 (from 26 studies) were included. Data from 17 studies (with 193 696 participants) were used in a meta-analysis, showing that men with high level occupational physical activity had an 18% increased risk of early mortality compared with those engaging in low level occupational physical activity (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.34). No such association was observed among women, for whom instead a tendency for an inverse association was found (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.01).ConclusionsThe results of this review indicate detrimental health consequences associated with high level occupational physical activity in men, even when adjusting for relevant factors (such as leisure time physical activity). These findings suggest that research and physical activity guidelines may differentiate between occupational and leisure time physical activity.

scholarly journals Pre- and Postdiagnosis Physical Activity, Television Viewing, and Mortality Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer in the National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Arem ◽  
Ruth M. Pfeiffer ◽  
Eric A. Engels ◽  
Catherine M. Alfano ◽  
Albert Hollenbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Health Study ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Tv Watching

Purpose Physical inactivity has been associated with higher mortality risk among survivors of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the independent effects of pre- versus postdiagnosis activity are unclear, and the association between watching television (TV) and mortality in survivors of CRC is previously undefined. Methods We analyzed the associations between prediagnosis (n = 3,797) and postdiagnosis (n = 1,759) leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and TV watching and overall and disease-specific mortality among patients with CRC. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for known mortality risk factors. Results Comparing survivors of CRC reporting more than 7 hours per week (h/wk) of prediagnosis LTPA with those reporting no LTPA, we found a 20% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.95; P for trend = .021). Postdiagnosis LTPA of ≥ 7 h/wk, compared with none, was associated with a 31% lower all-cause mortality risk (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.98; P for trend = .006), independent of prediagnosis activity. Compared with 0 to 2 TV hours per day (h/d) before diagnosis, those reporting ≥ 5 h/d of TV before diagnosis had a 22% increased all-cause mortality risk (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.41; P trend = .002), and more postdiagnosis TV watching was associated with a nonsignificant 25% increase in all-cause mortality risk (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.67; P for trend = .126). Conclusion LTPA was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, whereas more TV watching was associated with increased mortality risk. For both LTPA and TV watching, postdiagnosis measures independently explained the association with mortality. Clinicians should promote both minimizing TV time and increasing physical activity for longevity among survivors of CRC, regardless of previous behaviors.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Mortality in CKD: A 1999–2012 NHANES Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 919-929
Author(s):  
Nan-Hui Zhang ◽  
Ran Luo ◽  
Yi-Chun Cheng ◽  
Shu-Wang Ge ◽  
Gang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
All Cause Mortality

<b><i>Background:</i></b> For patients with CKD, evidence on the optimal dose of physical activity and possible harm with excessive exercise is limited. This study aimed to analyze the dose-response association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and mortality in those with CKD and explore the optimal dose or possible harm associated with increased levels of LTPA. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 4,604 participants with CKD from the 1999 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys with linked mortality data obtained through 2015 were classified into 6 groups: 0, 1–149, 150–299, 300–599, 600–899, and ≥900 min/week based on the total duration of the self-reported LTPA. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine dose-response associations between LTPA and mortality. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the median follow-up of 114 months, 1,449 (31%) all-cause deaths were recorded. Compared to the inactive group (0 min/week), we observed a 22% lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63–0.97) among participants who performed 1–149 min per week for LTPA. The corresponding HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality for 150–299 and 300–599 min/week of LTPA were 0.79 (0.64–0.97) and 0.74 (0.56–0.98). The benefit appeared to reach a threshold of a 43% (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36–0.91) lower risk of all-cause mortality among individuals performing 600–899 min/week for LTPA. Importantly, for ≥900 min/week of LTPA, the continued benefits were observed (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44–0.87). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> LTPA was associated with lower mortality in those with CKD. The optimal dose was observed at the LTPA level of approximately 600–899 min/week, and there were still benefits rather than the excess risk with LTPA levels as high as ≥900 min/week. Therefore, clinicians should encourage inactive CKD patients to perform LTPA and do not need to discourage CKD patients who already adhere to long-term physical activity.

scholarly journals Leisure time and occupational physical activity, resting heart rate and mortality in the Arctic region of Norway: The Finnmark Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 1636-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rune Hermansen ◽  
Bjarne K Jacobsen ◽  
Maja-Lisa Løchen ◽  
Bente Morseth
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Aims This study examined the association of leisure time physical activity, occupational physical activity, and resting heart rate with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Sami and non-Sami populations. Study design This was a longitudinal, observational population-based study. Methods The Finnmark 3 study cohort was examined in 1987–1988 and followed for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality for 26 years. The cohort included 17,697 men and women with a mean age of 47.2 years at baseline. Leisure time physical activity and occupational physical activity were assessed with a validated questionnaire at baseline, whereas cause of death was obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Results A total of 1983 women and 3147 men died during follow-up. Leisure time physical activity was linearly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality, but not coronary heart disease mortality. Compared to inactive subjects, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced by 16% in the active leisure time physical activity group (hazard ratio 0.84; 95% confidence interval 0.76–0.92). Both for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, we observed a U-shaped relationship with occupational physical activity, as participants in the walking and lifting group had significantly lower mortality than both the mostly sedentary and the heavy manual labour group ( p < 0.05). An increase in resting heart rate by one beat per minute was associated with a 1.1% increase in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.011; 95% confidence interval 1.009–1.013). The associations were similar in Sami and non-Sami subjects. Conclusion In this population-based study, leisure time physical activity was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, whereas resting heart rate was positively associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. There was a U-shaped association between occupational physical activity and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals The Impact of 10-Year Physical Activity Changes on 7-Year Mortality in Older Mexican Americans

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakkoyya H. Lewis ◽  
Kyriakos S. Markides ◽  
Kenneth J. Ottenbacher ◽  
Soham Al Snih
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Background: We investigated the association between 10 years of change in physical activity (PA) levels and 7-year all-cause mortality. Methods: Mexican American adults aged 67 and older (N = 803) participating in the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1995/1996–2012/2013) were included. All-cause mortality was our outcome. Participants were divided into 4 groups based on their difference in overall PA between 1995/1996 and 2005/2006 measured by the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Participants were classified as having unchanged low PA (n = 339), decreased activity (n = 233), unchanged high activity (n = 166), and increased activity (n = 65). Change in the frequency of PA domains was also investigated. PA domains included leisure, household, sedentary, and walking activities. Results:After controlling for all covariates, results from the Cox proportional hazards regression found a 43% lower mortality risk in the increased PA group (hazards ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.34–0.97) compared with the unchanged low PA group. In the entire sample, a significantly lower mortality risk was also present among walking (hazards ratio = 0.88) and household (hazards ratio = 0.88) activities. Conclusion:Our results suggest that, independent of other factors, increasing PA is most protective of mortality among older Mexican Americans.

scholarly journals Estimation of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in Relation to Leisure-Time Physical Activity: A Cohort Study

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miglė Bacevičienė ◽  
Dalia Lukšienė ◽  
Gailutė Bernotienė ◽  
Abdonas Tamošiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background and Objective. Epidemiologists agree that physical activity has a protective role in morbidity and mortality mainly through its positive impact on risk factors. So far, most studies have confirmed that CVD risk decreases with an increasing physical activity level, but it is not known what level of physical activity is already sufficient for mortality risk reduction. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore long-term associations between leisure-time physical activity and mortality risk in the Lithuanian urban population. Material and Methods. The MONICA study (1992–1993) and the repeated health examination survey in 2001–2002 were organized as a cohort study of 2642 middle-aged inhabitants from the general Lithuanian population of Kaunas. Two random samples aged 35–64 years were examined in 1992–2002. Leisure-time physical activity was assessed by an interview method, asking about physically demanding activities at leisure time measured in hours. The study sample was pooled into 2 groups: inactive (first quartile) and active (second to fourth quartiles). Follow-up was carried out in terms of the endpoints reached from the baseline until December 31, 2010. Mortality data from the National Death Register were obtained. Results. Multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed an HR of 1.46 (95% CI, 1.15–1.85) for all-cause mortality and 1.73 (95% CI, 1.23–2.45) for CVD mortality in the lowest quartile of leisure-time physical activity compared with the higher ones. As much as 16.2% of all-cause mortality and 22.2% of CVD mortality was attributable to the lowest quartile of leisuretime physical activity. Conclusions. This study demonstrated a beneficial effect of leisure time physical activity on predicting all-cause and CVD mortality risk.

scholarly journals The physical activity paradox in cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: the contemporary Copenhagen General Population Study with 104 046 adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 1499-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Holtermann ◽  
Peter Schnohr ◽  
Børge Grønne Nordestgaard ◽  
Jacob Louis Marott
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Aims  Leisure time physical activity associates with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, while these relationships for occupational physical activity are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that leisure time physical activity associates with reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality risk, while occupational physical activity associates with increased risks. Methods and results  We studied 104 046 women and men aged 20–100 years in the Copenhagen General Population Study with baseline measurements in 2003–2014 and median 10-year follow-up. Both leisure and occupational physical activity were based on self-report with four response categories. We observed 7913 (7.6%) MACE and 9846 (9.5%) deaths from all causes. Compared to low leisure time physical activity, multivariable adjusted (for lifestyle, health, living conditions, and socioeconomic factors) hazard ratios for MACE were 0.86 (0.78–0.96) for moderate, 0.77 (0.69–0.86) for high, and 0.85 (0.73–0.98) for very high activity; corresponding values for higher occupational physical activity were 1.04 (0.95–1.14), 1.15 (1.04–1.28), and 1.35 (1.14–1.59), respectively. For all-cause mortality, corresponding hazard ratios for higher leisure time physical activity were 0.74 (0.68–0.81), 0.59 (0.54–0.64), and 0.60 (0.52–0.69), and for higher occupational physical activity 1.06 (0.96–1.16), 1.13 (1.01–1.27), and 1.27 (1.05–1.54), respectively. Similar results were found within strata on lifestyle, health, living conditions, and socioeconomic factors, and when excluding individuals dying within the first 5 years of follow-up. Levels of the two domains of physical activity did not interact on risk of MACE (P = 0.40) or all-cause mortality (P = 0.31). Conclusion  Higher leisure time physical activity associates with reduced MACE and all-cause mortality risk, while higher occupational physical activity associates with increased risks, independent of each other.

scholarly journals Association of mushroom consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among American adults: prospective cohort study findings from NHANES III

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djibril M. Ba ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Joshua Muscat ◽  
Laila Al-Shaar ◽  
Vernon Chinchilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Risk ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

Abstract Background Whether mushroom consumption, which is rich in several bioactive compounds, including the crucial antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione, is inversely associated with low all-cause and cause-specific mortality remains uncertain. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between mushroom consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. Methods Longitudinal analyses of participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) extant data (1988–1994). Mushroom intake was assessed by a single 24-h dietary recall using the US Department of Agriculture food codes for recipe foods. All-cause and cause-specific mortality were assessed in all participants linked to the National Death Index mortality data (1988–2015). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results Among 15,546 participants included in the current analysis, the mean (SE) age was  44.3 (0.5) years. During a mean (SD) follow-up duration of 19.5 (7.4) years , a total of 5826 deaths were documented. Participants who reported consuming mushrooms had lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with those without mushroom intake (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73–0.98) after adjusting for demographic, major lifestyle factors, overall diet quality, and other dietary factors including total energy. When cause-specific mortality was examined, we did not observe any statistically significant associations with mushroom consumption. Consuming 1-serving of mushrooms per day instead of 1-serving of processed or red meats was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50–0.84). We also observed a dose-response relationship between higher mushroom consumption and lower risk of all-cause mortality (P-trend = 0.03). Conclusion Mushroom consumption was associated with a lower risk of total mortality in this nationally representative sample of US adults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document