scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Blast Furnace Operation with Scrap Charging

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Zi Yu ◽  
Xuefeng She ◽  
Huiqing Tang ◽  
Qingguo Xue
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Furnace Operation ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Gas Utilization

One approach to reduce CO2 emission in the steelmaking industry is to recycle scrap to the blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BF/BOF) production system. This paper performed a numerical investigation on the BF operation with scrap charging. The investigated BF was with an inner volume of 820 m3, producing 2950 tons of hot metal per day (tHM/d). The simulated results indicated the following: Extra scrap addition in BF causes the decrease of shaft temperature, the decrease of local gas utilization, and the lowering of cohesive zone position, leading to an unstable BF running. The partial replacement of sinter with scrap in BF can mitigate the negative effects induced by scrap charging. The optimal scrap rate in the BF is 178 kg/tHM, under which the BF reaches a productivity of 3310 tHM/d, a top-gas utilization of 48.5%, and a top-gas temperature of 445 K. Compared to the base case, in the BF operation with scrap charging, the BF productivity is increased by 360 kg/tHM, its pulverized-coal rate and coke rate are decreased by 16.3 kg/tHM and 39.8 kg/tHM, respectively.

Modeling a Compact Sintering Process Based on Biomass Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 902 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Adilson de Castro ◽  
Alexandre Furtado Ferreira ◽  
Marcos Flavio de Camps ◽  
Ivaldo Leão Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Furnace Operation ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Sintering Machine ◽  
Gas Utilization

This paper is focused on the numerical simulation of a new technology of small size iron ore sintering machine using gaseous fuel and oxygen injections to produce high quality of sinter product for the blast furnace operation. The proposed methodology is to partially replace the solid fuel (coke breeze) by steelworks gases in a compact machine to enhance heat and mass transfer. A multiphase mathematical model based on transport equations of momentum, energy and chemical species coupled with chemical reaction rates and phase transformations is proposed to analyze the inner process parameters. A base case representing a possible actual industrial operation of the sintering machine is used in order to compare different scenarios of possible operations which represents advanced operations techniques. The model was used to predict four cases of fuel gas utilization: a) 3% of the wind boxes inflow from N01-N10 wind boxes of natural gas (NG) and oxygen, b) same condition with coke oven gas (COG) and c) mixture of 80% COG and 20% blast furnace gas (BFG). The model predictions indicated that for all cases, the sintering zone is enlarged and the solid fuel consumption is decreased about 12kg/t of sinter product for the best combination. In order to maximize the steelworks gas utilization it is recommended the use of mixture of COG and BFG with optimum inner temperature distribution within a compact sintering machine, which enhance the productivity and obviously, decrease the investment cost of the sintering facilities.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Characterization Mortar Blended with High-Amount Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Lin ◽  
Chia-Jung Tsai ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Weidong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Weight Proportion

Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) was ground to three levels of fineness as a replacement for cement at weight proportions of 10, 30, 50, and 70 wt.%. Fineness and weight proportion were shown to have significant effects on the flowability and setting time of the mortars. The expansion of BOFS mortars increased with an increase in the proportion of cement replaced, thereby exacerbating the effects of cracking. Optimal mechanical properties were achieved when 10 wt.% of the cement was replaced using BOFS with fineness of 10,000 cm2/g. The compressive strength of BOFS mortar is similar to that of ordinary Portland mortar, which makes BOFS suitable for the partial replacement of cement as a supplementary cementitious material. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the reaction of CaO with H2O results in the formation of C–S–H colloids, whereas the reaction of SiO2 with Al2O3 produces C–A–S–H colloids. The use of BOFS as a partial replacement for Portland cement could make a tremendous contribution to the steel industry and help to lower CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals The Potential of Recycling the High-Zinc Fraction of Upgraded BF Sludge to the Desulfurization Plant and Basic Oxygen Furnace

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Andersson ◽  
Mats Andersson ◽  
Elsayed Mousa ◽  
Adeline Kullerstedt ◽  
Hesham Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Smelting Reduction ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Endothermic Reactions ◽  
Recycling Potential

In ore-based steelmaking, blast furnace (BF) dust is generally recycled to the BF via the sinter or cold-bonded briquettes and injection. In order to recycle the BF sludge to the BF, the sludge has to be upgraded, removing zinc. The literature reports cases of recycling the low-zinc fraction of upgraded BF sludge to the BF. However, research towards recycling of the high-zinc fraction of BF sludge within the ore-based steel plant is limited. In the present paper, the high-zinc fraction of tornado-treated BF sludge was incorporated in self-reducing cold-bonded briquettes and pellets. Each type of agglomerate was individually subjected to technical-scale smelting reduction experiments aiming to study the feasibility of recycling in-plant residues to the hot metal (HM) desulfurization (deS) plant. The endothermic reactions within the briquettes decreased the heating and reduction rate leaving the briquettes unreduced and unmelted. The pellets were completely reduced within eight minutes of contact with HM but still showed melt-in problems. Cold-bonded briquettes, without BF sludge, were charged in industrial-scale trials to study the recycling potential to the HM deS plant and basic oxygen furnace (BOF). The trials illustrated a potential for the complete recycling of the high-zinc fraction of BF sludge. However, further studies were identified to be required to verify these results.

Volatilization of elemental mercury from fresh blast furnace sludge mixed with basic oxygen furnace sludge under different temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1915-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Földi ◽  
Reiner Dohrmann ◽  
Tim Mansfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Blast Furnace Sludge ◽  
Mercury Volatilization ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
First Time

Mercury volatilization from blast furnace sludge mixed with basic oxygen furnace sludge was shown for the first time.

Characterization of BOF Dust for Pellets Production Used in Blast Furnace

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Pinto da Rocha ◽  
J.A. de Castro ◽  
G.M. Araujo ◽  
L. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Inductively Coupled

In order to minimize the incorrect disposal of dust generated in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) converter and to generate a new application for this solid residue, a simple characterization route was proposed. The powder residue is used to produce self-reducing pellets and can be used in the blast furnace process. The chemical analysis of the dust was carried out using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and some elements as Fe, Si, P, Al and Ca were detected in high amount, as the iron which achieved about 65% concentration. Moreover, the X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the iron was found in the phases, mainly, as magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (Fe2O3) while quartz (SiO2) and calcite (CaCO3) were the major impurities. The spectrometry dispersive energy (SDE) analysis confirmed the presence of such elements and the images obtained by SEM allowed visualizing the morphology of the particles. The average of particle size distribution of the dust was 0.053 mm which is suitable for self-agglomerates pellets.

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