scholarly journals Influence of Welding Parameters and Filler Material on the Mechanical Properties of HSLA Steel S960MC Welded Joints

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Miloš Mičian ◽  
Martin Frátrik ◽  
Daniel Kajánek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Soft Zone

This article provides an overview of the influence of welding parameters and filler material on changes in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of thermo-mechanically controlled processed (TMCP) steel welded joints. The research focused on evaluating the effect of heat input and cooling rate on the width of the soft zone, which significantly affects the mechanical properties of welded joints. The negative effect of the soft zone is more pronounced as the thickness of the material decreases. Therefore, the object of this research was a 3-mm-thick sheet of S960MC steel welded by gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and metal-cored arc welding (MCAW) technology. Variable welding parameters were reflected in different heat input and cooling rate values, which led to a change in the properties of the HAZ and thus the mechanical properties of the welded joints. The changes in the HAZ were analyzed by microscopic analysis and mechanical testing. The measured results showed a significant effect of heat input on the cooling rate, which considerably affected the width of the soft zone in the HAZ and thus the overall mechanical properties of the welded joints.

scholarly journals Effect of the t8/5 Cooling Time on the Properties of S960MC Steel in the HAZ of Welded Joints Evaluated by Thermal Physical Simulation

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Mičian ◽  
Daniel Harmaniak ◽  
František Nový ◽  
Jerzy Winczek ◽  
Jaromír Moravec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Cooling Time ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Soft Zone

The heat input into the material during welding significantly affects the properties of high-strength steels in the near-weld zone. A zone of hardness decrease forms, which is called the soft zone. The width of the soft zone also depends on the cooling time t8/5. An investigation of the influence of welding parameters on the resulting properties of welded joints can be performed by thermal physical simulation. In this study, the effect of the cooling rate on the mechanical properties of the heat-affected zone of the steel S960MC with a thickness of 3 mm was investigated. Thermal physical simulation was performed on a Gleeble 3500. Three levels of cooling time were used, which were determined from the reference temperature cycle obtained by metal active gas welding (MAG). A tensile test, hardness measurement, impact test with fracture surface evaluation, and microstructural evaluation were performed to investigate the modified specimen thickness. The shortest time t8/5 = 7 s did not provide tensile and yield strength at the minimum required value. The absorbed energy after recalculation to the standard sample size of 10 × 10 mm was above the 27 J limit at −40 °C. The hardness profile also depended on the cooling rate and always had a softening zone.

scholarly journals Effect of Welding Thermal Cycles on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Strand Composite Welding Wire Welded Joints of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
jianguo Li ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Pingli Liu ◽  
Lijun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Weld Seam ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Welding Wire ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
High Heat Input

A multi-strand composite welding wire was applied to join high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, and microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. The electrical signals demonstrate that the welding process using a multi-strand composite welding wire is highly stable. The welded joints are composed of columnar austenite and dendritic ferrite and welded joints obtained under high heat input and cooling rate have a noticeable coarse-grained heat-affected zone and larger columnar austenite in weld seam. Compared with welded joints obtained under the high heat input and cooling rate, welded joints have the higher fractions of deformed grains, high angle grain boundaries, Schmid factor and the lower dislocation density under the low heat input and cooling rate, which indicate a lower tensile strength and higher yield strength. The rotated goss (GRD) orientation of a thin plate and the cube (C) orientation of a thick plate are obvious after welding, but the S orientation at 65° sections of Euler’s space is weak. The δ-ferrite was studied based on the primary ferrite solidification mode. It is observed that low heat input and high cooing rate result in the increasing of δ-ferrite and high dislocation density was obtained in grain boundaries of δ-ferrite. M23C6 precipitates due to low cooling rate and heat input in weld seam and deteriorates the elongation of welded joints. The engineering stress-strain curves also show the low elongation and tensile strength of welded joints under low heat input and cooling rate, which is mainly caused by the high fraction of δ-ferrite and the precipitation of M23C6.

Correlation between GMAW Parameters and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled, High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) Steel Butt Joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 890 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Alin Constantin Murariu ◽  
Aurel Valentin Bîrdeanu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Hot Rolled

In all industrial fields, the product requirements are more and more demanding. HSLA steels are designed to provide higher atmospheric corrosion resistance and improved mechanical properties than structural steels. The paper presents the results of an experimental program based on factorial design, applied to predict the mechanical properties of butt-welded joints of S420MC and S460MC hot-rolled, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel plates with 2mm, 4mm and 8mm thickness. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) was used and correlations between the main process parameters and the related mechanical properties of the welded joints were found. Obtained mathematical correlations can be exploited to provide optimal combination of welding parameters to fit the quality requirements of the end-users for envisaged welded product.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints of Cr18Ni30Mo2Al3Nb Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 636 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Rui Luo ◽  
Xiao Nong Cheng ◽  
Gui Fang Xu ◽  
Dong Sheng Li ◽  
Shun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Argon Flow ◽  
Scaning Electron Microscopy

In this present study, A comparative research on the mechanical properties of the dissimilar welded joints of 800H and Cr18Ni30Mo2Al3Nb was investigated. Butt joints were made using argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG). The TIG joint was made using well established welding parameters (i.e., current ampere of 110~120A, welding rate of 105~115mm/min, argon flow 8~10L/min and voltage of 12V). Mechanical behavior of joints was evaluated by room temperature and high temperature (650°C) tensile testing, and hardness testing, respectively. The microstructure of joint was characterized via optical microscopy, and the morphology of tensile fracture was observed by scaning electron microscopy. As can be seen from the experimental results, clearly shown that Cr18Ni30Mo2Al3Nb has better mechanical performance of welded joint than 800H.

scholarly journals The Influence of Heat Input to Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of API 5L-X65 Steel Using Submerged Arc Welding Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryana ◽  
Agus Pramono ◽  
Iskandar Muda ◽  
Ade Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Submerged Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Api 5L X65 Steel ◽  
Submerged Arc

API 5L-X65 steel is the type of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel, widely used in the manufacture of pipe. Submerged arc welding (SAW) is widely used for the fabrication of the pipe, the extent of use submerged arc welding caused it could be done automatically and high reliability. The results of the welding process will lead to differences and changes in the microstructure in heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal that will affect the mechanical properties of the output, so as to obtain good welding results required the selection of welding parameters accordingly. As the use of the heat input during welding is very important influence on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the weld. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of heat input on the microstructure, hardness and toughness of welds in submerged arc welding. Welding currents used were 200, 300, 400 and 500 Ampere with a voltage were used 25, 27 and 30 Volt. The results showed that the higher heat input will result in a growing area of HAZ region width and grain size increased. Highest hardness values are the results of the weld heat input with a low of 244.69 HVN caused by the rapid cooling rate of the weld area. The highest toughness values are the results of the highest heat input that was dominated by acicular ferrite phase.

scholarly journals Mechanical and metallurgical properties of DP 1000 steel square butt welded joints with GMAW

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ianto Rocha ◽  
Ivan Machado ◽  
Cintia Mazzaferro
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metallurgical Properties ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Filler Metals ◽  
Minimum Heat

In this work, Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) was used to study the influence of heat input (i.e. cooling rate) on mechanical/metallurgical properties of square butt welded joints of DP 1000 sheets. The influence of filler metals of different strengths on the mechanical properties of joints was also tested. A significant decrease in hardness was observed in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) due to martensite tempering, in regions where peak temperature was close to isotherm AC1 (calculated in 735 oC for these steel); coincidently, fracture in every tensile test occurred in regions where martensite was tempered, even when a wire of less strength was used. It was noticed that the decrease in ultimate tensile and yield strength of base metal was inherent to welding. When minimum heat input was used, deterioration in mechanical properties was less pronounced, once degree of HAZ softening was smaller. Elongation of joints increased with increasing heat input.

scholarly journals The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Strand, Composite Welding-Wire Welded Joints of High Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Li ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Pingli Liu ◽  
Lijun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Weld Seam ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Welding Wire ◽  
Δ Ferrite ◽  
High Heat Input

A multi-strand composite welding wire was applied to join high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, and microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. The electrical signals demonstrate that the welding process using a multi-strand composite welding wire is highly stable. The welded joints are composed of columnar austenite and dendritic ferrite and welded joints obtained under high heat input and cooling rate have a noticeable coarse-grained heat-affected zone and larger columnar austenite in weld seam. Compared with welded joints obtained under the high heat input and cooling rate, welded joints have the higher fractions of deformed grains, high angle grain boundaries, Schmid factor, and lower dislocation density under the low heat input and cooling rate, which indicate a lower tensile strength and higher yield strength. The rotated Goss (GRD) ({110}⟨1 1 ¯ 0⟩) orientation of a thin plate and the cube (C) ({001}⟨100⟩) orientation of a thick plate are obvious after welding, but the S ({123}⟨63 4 ¯ ⟩) orientation at 65° sections of Euler’s space is weak. The δ-ferrite was studied based on the primary ferrite solidification mode. It was observed that low heat input and a high cooling rate results in an increase of δ-ferrite, and a high dislocation density was obtained in grain boundaries of δ-ferrite. M23C6 precipitates due to a low cooling rate and heat input in the weld seam and deteriorates the elongation of welded joints. The engineering Stress–strain curves also show the low elongation and tensile strength of welded joints under low heat input and cooling rate, which is mainly caused by the high fraction of δ-ferrite and the precipitation of M23C6.

Influence of Welding Parameters on Weld Appearance and Mechanical Properties in Twin-Wire Tandem Submerged Arc Welding of HSLA Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yan Yan ◽  
Jian Cheng Huang ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Di Zhu ◽  
Shun Zhen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Submerged Arc Welding ◽  
Weld Bead ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Weld Appearance ◽  
Submerged Arc ◽  
Tandem Submerged Arc Welding

Effects of welding parameters on the weld bead appearance and mechanical properties in twin-wire tandem submerged arc welding of a high-strength low-alloy steel were investigated. Steel plates were welded using different combinations of welding current, voltage, inter-wire spacing and welding speed. The weld joints were characterized in detail by metallography. Hardness and tensile properties of the specimens were measured. The experimental analysis reveals that good weld appearance can be obtained for a range of inter-wire spacing from 55mm to 80mm. Leading wire current, trailing wire voltage and welding speed are the major factors affecting weld bead profile and microstructures in weld metal and fusion zone. Greater welding speed tends to produce higher cooling rate and favors the formation of strengthening phases like acicular ferrite and bainitic structures resulting in better mechanical properties.

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