scholarly journals Effects of Age, Diet CP, NDF, EE, and Starch on the Rumen Bacteria Community and Function in Dairy Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Yangyi Hao ◽  
Yue Gong ◽  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Shoukun Ji ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Variation Partitioning ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
High Age ◽  
Community Variation ◽  
And Function

To understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, forty-eight dairy cattle at 1.5 (M1.5), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 18 (M18), 23 (M23), and 27 (M27) months old were selected. Rumen fermentation profile, enzyme activity, and bacteria community in rumen fluid were measured. The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 was higher than other ages, and M6 was the lowest (p < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) at M23 and M27 was higher than at other ages (p < 0.05). The urease at M18 was lower than at M1.5, M6, and M9, and the xylanase at M18 was higher than at M1.5, M23, and M27 (p < 0.05). Thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers of the different groups based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) when the LDA score >4. The variation partitioning approach analysis showed that the age and diet had a 7.98 and 32.49% contribution to the rumen bacteria community variation, respectively. The richness of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter were positive correlated with age (r > 0.60, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with TVFA and acetate (r > 0.50, p < 0.01). The Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans has a positive correlation (r > 0.80, p < 0.05) with diet fiber and a negative correlation (r < −0.80, p < 0.05) with diet protein and starch, which were also positively correlated with the acetate and A/P (r > 0.50, p < 0.01). The genera of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans could be worked as the target bacteria to modulate the rumen fermentation by diet; meanwhile, the high age correlated bacteria such as Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter also should be considered when shaping the rumen function.

scholarly journals Diet dominates age in shaping the rumen bacteria community and function in dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyi Hao ◽  
Yue Gong ◽  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Shoukun Ji ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Variation Partitioning ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Ruminal Bacteria ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background To understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, forty-eight dairy cattle at 1.5 (M1.5), 6 (M6), 9 (M9), 18 (M18), 23 (M23), and 27 (M27) months old were selected. The M1.5, M6, and M27 had the high protein and starch dietary, while the M9, M18, and M23 had the high fiber dietary. Fermentation profile, enzyme activity, and bacteria community in rumen fluid were measured. Results The acetate to propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 (high fiber diet) was higher than other ages, and M6 was the lowest (P < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) at M23 and M27 was higher than other ages (P < 0.05). The urease at M18 was lower than M1.5, M6, and M9, and the xylanase at M18 was higher than M1.5, M23, and M27 (P < 0.05). The α-diversity indexes (Ace and Chao1) of ruminal bacteria increased from M1.5 to M23, while they decreased from M23 to M27 (P < 0.05). Thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers of the different groups based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) when the LDA score > 4. The variation partitioning approach analysis showed that the age and diet had a 7.98% and 32.49% contribution to the rumen bacteria community variation, respectively. The richness of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter were positive correlated with age (r > 0.60, P < 0.01) and also positively correlated with TVFA and acetate (r > 0.50, P < 0.01). The Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans has a positive correlation (r > 0.80, P < 0.05) with diet NDF and negative correlation (r < -0.80, P < 0.05) with diet CP and starch, which were also positively correlated with the acetate and A/P (r > 0.50, P < 0.01). Conclusion These findings indicated that the quantitative effect of diet and age on the rumen bacteria were 7.98% and 32.49%, respectively. The genera of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Pseudobutyrivibrio, and Saccharofermentans could be worked as the target bacteria to modulate the rumen fermentation by diet; meanwhile, the high age-correlated bacteria such as Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 and Fibrobacter also should be considered when shaping the rumen function.

PSIX-5 Diet is more powerful than age in shaping the rumen bacterial community and function of dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
YangYi Hao ◽  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Shengli Li
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
And Function

Abstract The objective was to understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, 48 dairy cattle were selected. Rumen fluid samples were collected from each animal at 1.5 (1.5M, milk and starter diet, n=8), 6 (6M, starter and oat grass, n=8), 9 (9M, high fiber diet, n=8), 18 (18M, high fiber diet, n=8), 23 (23M, high fiber diet, n=8) and 27 (27M, high grain diet, n=8) months old. The acetate/propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 were significantly higher than M27 and M1.5 (P &lt; 0.05), while the A/P at M6 was lower than others (P &lt; 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid at M23 and M27 was higher than others (P &lt; 0.05). The urease at M18 was significantly lower than M1.5, M6, and M9 (P &lt; 0.05), and the xylanase at M18 was significantly higher than M1.5, M23, and M27 (P &lt; 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing data and the Linear discriminant analysis showed that thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers among ages and diets. The age and diet contributed 7.98% and 32.49% to the rumen bacteria community using the variation partitioning approach analysis. The norank_f_p-251-o5 was significantly and positively correlated with age (r = 0.83, P &lt; 0.01), while Eubacterium was significantly and negatively correlated with age (r = -0.84, P &lt; 0.01). Dietary fiber showed a strong correlation (r &gt; 0.80, P &lt; 0.01) with Lachnospiraceae, NK4A214_group, Saccharofermentans, Clostridia, Pseudobutyrivibrio Bacteroidales_UCG-001. These genera also negatively correlated with dietary crude protein and starch (r &lt; - 0.80, P &lt; 0.01). All these bacteria were significantly correlated with A/P, acetate, and urease (r &gt; 0.5, P &lt; 0.05). These findings collectively indicated that diet drives the great ability to shape the rumen bacteria community and function than age.

scholarly journals Rumen Fermentation, Digestive Enzyme Activity, and Bacteria Composition between Pre-Weaning and Post-Weaning Dairy Calves

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2527
Author(s):  
Yangyi Hao ◽  
Chunyan Guo ◽  
Yue Gong ◽  
Xiaoge Sun ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Node Degree ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Fermentation Profile

To better understand the transition of rumen function during the weaning period in dairy calves, sixteen Holstein dairy calves were selected and divided into two groups: pre-weaning (age = 56 ± 7 day, n = 8) and post-weaning (age = 80 ± 6 day, n = 8). The rumen fluid was obtained by an oral gastric tube. The rumen fermentation profile, enzyme activity, bacteria composition, and their inter-relationship were investigated. The results indicated that the post-weaning calves had a higher rumen acetate, propionate, butyrate, and microbial crude protein (MCP) than the pre-weaning calves (p < 0.05). The rumen pH in the post-weaning calves was lower than the pre-weaning calves (p < 0.05). The protease, carboxymethyl cellulase, cellobiohydrolase, and glucosidase in the post-weaning calves had a lower trend than the pre-weaning calves (0.05 < p < 0.1). There was no difference in α and β diversity between the two groups. Linear discriminant analysis showed that the phylum of Fibrobacteres in the post-weaning group was higher than the pre-weaning group. At the genus level, Shuttleworthia, Rikenellaceae, Fibrobacter, and Syntrophococcus could be worked as the unique bacteria in the post-weaning group. The rumen bacteria network node degree in the post-weaning group was higher than the pre-weaning group (16.54 vs. 9.5). The Shuttleworthia genus was highly positively correlated with MCP, propionate, total volatile fatty acid, glucosidase, acetate, and butyrate (r > 0.65, and p < 0.01). Our study provided new information about the rumen enzyme activity and its relationship with bacteria, which help us to better understand the effects of weaning on the rumen function.

Intraruminal administration ofMegasphaera elsdeniimodulated rumen fermentation profile in mid-lactation dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qendrim Zebeli ◽  
Sarah J Terrill ◽  
Alberto Mazzolari ◽  
Suzanna M Dunn ◽  
Wen Z Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Fermentation Profile

This study evaluated the effects of intraruminal administration ofMegasphaera elsdeniion ruminal fermentation patterns, the profile of plasma metabolites, and milk yield and composition of mid-lactation dairy cows. Eight primiparous, ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were arranged in a paired 2×2 crossover design. Cows were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: 1) intraruminal inoculation of 35 ml suspension per day ofM. elsdeniiATCC 25940 (MEGA), containing 108cfu/ml of bacteria, dissolved in 35 ml of saline (0·15m), or 2) carrier alone (35 ml saline; CTR). Both postprandial and preprandial rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) and plasma metabolite measurements were analysed. Postprandial VFA patterns were affected the most, with butyrate (P<0·01) and valerate (P<0·01) proportions increasing, and acetate (P<0·01), isobutyrate (P=0·05) and isovalerate (P<0·01) decreasing in MEGA cows. Preprandial data measured at various days showed that MEGA dosage tended to increase the molar proportion of propionate (P=0·09) and lower the acetate to propionate ratio (P=0·07) in the rumen fluid. There was no effect of treatment on rumen pH and on the concentration of lactate in the rumen as well as on selected preprandial plasma metabolites. Postprandial plasma concentrations of cholesterol tended to increase (P=0·07) in MEGA cows compared with CTR. Concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the plasma were lower in MEGA cows after the morning feeding (P<0·01). Sampling hour also affected plasma NEFA in this study. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) were not affected by the treatment (P>0·05); however, after the morning feeding BHBA concentration was increased in both groups of cows. Dry matter intake and milk yield and composition were not affected by treatment. In conclusion, results indicate thatM. elsdeniihas the potential to modulate the rumen fermentation profile in mid-lactation Holstein cows, but these effects were only slightly reflected in changes in plasma metabolites and milk composition.

scholarly journals Fermented Soybean Meal Replacement in the Diet of Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows: Modulated Rumen Fermentation and Ruminal Microflora

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo Wang ◽  
Yuannian Yu ◽  
Xinyao Li ◽  
Hongyan Xiao ◽  
Peihua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

This study was conducted to examine the influences of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) in the diet of lactating Holstein cattle on rumen fermentation and ruminal bacterial microbiome. Twenty-four lactating Chinese Holstein dairy cattle were assigned to each of the two treatments in a completely randomized design: the SBM group [the basal total mixed ration (TMR) diet containing 5.77% SBM] and the FSBM group (the experimental TMR diet containing 5.55% FSBM). This trial lasted for 54 days (14 days for adjustment and 40 days for data and sample collection), and samples of rumen liquid were collected on 34 d and 54 d, respectively. The results showed that replacing SBM with FSBM significantly increased the molar percentages of propionate (P &lt; 0.01) and valerate (P &lt; 0.05), but reduced the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration (P &lt; 0.05), butyrate molar proportion (P &lt; 0.05), and the acetate to propionate ratio (P &lt; 0.01). The copy numbers of total bacteria (P &lt; 0.05), Fibrobacter succinogenes (P &lt; 0.01), Selenomonas ruminantium (P &lt; 0.01), and Prevotella spp. (P &lt; 0.05) in the FSBM group were greater, while the density of Prevotella ruminicola (P &lt; 0.05) was lower than those in the SBM treatment. Additionally, Succiniclasticum ruminis and Saccharofermentans acetigenes were significantly enriched (P &lt; 0.05) in the rumen fluid of FSBM-fed cows, despite the fact that there was no remarkable difference in the Alpha diversity indexes, structure and KEGG pathway abundances of the bacterial community across the two treatments. It could hence be concluded that the substitution of FSBM for SBM modulated rumen fermentation and rumen bacterial microbiota in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Further research is required to elucidate the relevant mechanisms of FSBM, and provide more insights into the application of FSBM in dairy cattle.

Effects of inoculant treatment on silage fermentation and digestibility and on rumen fermentation, dry matter intake and performance of lactating dairy cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 65-65
Author(s):  
T.W.J. Keady ◽  
J.J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cattle

Recent studies have shown that the use of an effective bacterial inoculant as a silage additive results in improvements in animal performance of dairy and beef cattle. Treatment with an inoculant based on a single strain of L. plantarum has increased silage digestibility and altered the composition of rumen fluid in beef cattle (Keady and Steen, 1994 and 1995). Inoculant products vary in composition, containing different bacteria species and numbers, possibly with the addition of enzymes, clostridiaphages and rumen enhancers. The present study was designed to evaluate an inoculant containing mixed strains of bacteria, enzymes, bacteriophages and a rumen enhancer through lactating dairy cattle and to study its effects on diet digestibility and rumen fermentation patterns.Herbage was harvested from the primary regrowth of a predominantly perennial ryegrass sward, which had received 99 kg nitrogen (N) per ha after the previous harvest, after a fifty-one day regrowth interval. Herbage was mown down using a mower conditioner and picked up immediately, unwilled, using a precision chop harvester.

EFFECT OF ACCLIMATION TO HIGH NITRATE INTAKES ON SOME RUMEN FERMENTATION PARAMETERS IN SHEEP

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. ALABOUDI ◽  
G. A. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Nitrite Reduction ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

Four sheep, fed a basal diet which included 44% cereal grain and 50% hay and which was supplemented with KNO3, were progressively acclimated to a KNO3 intake of 2.5 g∙kg body wt−1∙day−1. Nitrate and nitrite reducing activity in strained rumen fluid (SRF) collected 2 h after feeding showed maximum values of 45.3 μg N∙mL−1∙h−1 and 39.4 μg N∙mL−1∙h−1, respectively, at an intake of 1.5 g∙kg body wt−1∙day−1. The rate of nitrate reduction was threefold higher (P < 0.01), and that of nitrite reduction fivefold higher (P < 0.01), than in SRF from sheep not receiving KNO3. When the KNO3 supplement was withdrawn the reducing activities fell to their initial levels within 3 wk. In a second experiment, nitrate, nitrite and volatile fatty acids in SRF, and methemoglobin in peripheral blood, were estimated at 30-min intervals after feeding in four sheep, two of which received 1.5 g KNO3∙kg body wt−1∙day−1. In the animals fed KNO3 the peak concentration of nitrate in SRF (13.30 μg NO3−–N∙mL−1) was reached 30 min after feeding, and that of nitrite (2.90 μg NO2−–N∙mL−1) 60 min after feeding; the presence of nitrate in SRF was associated with an increase in the molar proportion of acetate (P < 0.01) and a decrease in the proportion of n-butyrate (P < 0.01). The blood methemoglobin concentration did not exceed 2% (wt/wt) of total hemoglobin at any sampling time. In these animals 30–35 g KNO3 cleared the rumen within 3 h after feeding with no symptoms of nitrate toxicity. Enumeration of rumen bacteria by a direct isolation procedure indicated that the proportion of nitrate reducers in SRF was threefold higher (P < 0.01) in acclimated animals than in control animals. It was concluded that safe acclimation of sheep to high levels of dietary nitrate involved an increase in the rates of nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen, a narrowing of the ratio of these activities, and an increase in the proportion of nitrate reducing rumen bacteria. The residual effect of nitrate on the fermentation following clearance from the rumen was short-lived. Key words: Rumen fermentation, sheep, nitrate toxicity, nitrate reduction, nitrite reduction, rumen bacteria

scholarly journals Mode of action of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeas a feed additive for ruminants

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Newbold ◽  
R. J. Wallace ◽  
F. M. Mcintosh
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria

Two suggested modes of action of yeast in stimulating rumen fermentation were investigated. The first, that yeast respiratory activity protects anaerobic rumen bacteria from damage by O2, was tested using different strains of yeast that had previously been shown to have differing abilities to increase the viable count of rumen bacteria.Saccharomyces cerevisiaeNCYC 240, NCYC 1026, and the commercial product Yea-Sacc®, added to rumen fluidin vitroat 1·3 mg/ml, increased the rate of O2disappearance by between 46 and 89%. The same three preparations also stimulated bacterial numbers in anin vitrofermenter (Rusitec).S. cerevisiaeNCYC 694 and NCYC 1088, which had no influence on the viable count in Rusitec, also had no effect on O2uptake. Respiration-deficient (RD) mutants ofS. cerevisiaeNCYC 240 and NCYC 1026 were enriched by repeated culturing in the presence of ethidium bromide.S. cerevisiaeNCYC 240 and NCYC 1026 stimulated the total and cellulolytic bacterial populations in Rusitec, while the corresponding RD mutants did not. Rigorous precautions to exclude air from Rusitec resulted i“nS. cevevisiaeNCYC 240 no longer stimulating total bacterial numbers, although it still increased numbers of cellulolytic bacteria. The second hypothesis, that yeast provides malic and other dicarboxylic acids which stimulate the growth of some rumen bacteria, was examined by comparing the effects of yeast and malic acid on rumen fermentation in sheep. Three mature sheep were given 0·85 kg barley/d plus 0·55 kg chopped ryegrass hay/d either unsupplemented, or supplemented with 4 gS. cerevisiaeNCYC 240/d or 100 mgl-malic acid/d either mixed with the diet or in aqueous solution infused continuously into the rumen. Yeast increased the total viable count of bacteria (P< 0·05)whereas malic acid did not, and no other effect of the treatments reached statistical significance. It was concluded, therefore, that the stimulation of rumen bacteria byS.cerevisiaeis at least partly dependent on its respiratory activity, and is not mediated by malic acid.

Effect of ruminal mechanical stimulating brushes on rumen fermentation and plasma oxidative stress and subsequent milk yield and composition in lactating dairy cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Golder ◽  
P. Celi ◽  
J. Takahashi ◽  
I. J. Lean
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Temperature Humidity Index ◽  
Humidity Index

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ruminal mechanical stimulating brushes (RMS brush) on rumen fermentation and plasma oxidative stress and subsequent milk production in early lactation dairy cattle in the Australian spring and summer. Two hundred pasture-fed Holstein, Jersey, and Holstein × Jersey multiparous cows were enrolled into Control (no treatment; n = 103) or RMS brush (n = 97) groups in a randomised controlled trial at 26 ± 15 days before calving. The RMS brush group had three brushes/cow administered orally. Each RMS brush consisted of synthetic polymer bristles held in place with a metal component and was enclosed in a paper capsule that dissolved after insertion. Milk yield (MY), bodyweight, and weather data were recorded daily for the first 30 weeks of lactation. Stomach tube rumen fluid samples and plasma were collected monthly for the first 3 months of lactation from a minimum subset of 14 cows from each group. A total of 182 cows calved successfully and 34 cows were removed during the first 30 weeks of lactation. There was no difference in survival between the groups (hazard ratio = 0.952, confidence interval = 0.481–1.88). Rumen, plasma oxidative stress, and milk production measures were not affected by group or the interaction between group and time, with the exception of a mean increase of 304 µM of biological antioxidant potential in the RMS brush cows. The mean temperature humidity index for the first 30 weeks of lactation was <72; hence, effects on heat stress could not be evaluated. Maximum and minimum temperature and THI over the first 30 weeks of lactation were not correlated with MY and bodyweight for either group on time series cross correlation. Positive correlations occurred for the Controls at lag 0 and negative correlations for both groups at lags of 3 and 4 weeks between MY and relative humidity at 1500 hours. There appeared to be no effect of RMS on mitigation of temperature humidity index within the range studied. There did not appear to be negative impacts of the RMS brushes.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and rumen fermentation profile of mangrove leaves (Avicennia marina) from West Sumatra, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novirman Jamarun ◽  
Roni Pazla ◽  
Arief ARIEF ◽  
Anuraga Jayanegara ◽  
Gusri Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Ruminant Animal ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Abstract. Jamarun N, Pazla R, Arief, Jayanegara A, Yanti G. 2020. Chemical composition and rumen fermentation profile of mangrove leaves (Avicennia marina) from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5230-5236. This study aimed to determine the potential of mangrove leaves of Avicennia marina for ruminant animal feed. Laboratory tests were carried out on A. marina with three replicates. Parameters measured were proximate and fiber contents, rumen fluid profile (pH, NH3 and VFA), digestibility of nutrients (DM, Ash, CP, CF, NDF, ADF, cellulose, and hemicellulose), macro and micro mineral contents, and phytochemical compounds. The results showed the nutritional content of A. marina were CP 13.37%; Ash 7.17%; lignin 7.34%; TDN 79%, rumen fluid profile is in reasonable condition, digestibility of food substances is more than 50%, rich in macro and micro minerals and contains phytochemical compounds such as phenols, steroids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Macro and micro minerals content of Ca 0.38%, Na 0.20%, Mg 0.20%, K 0.48%, P 0.51%, S 0.01%, Cl 1.03%, Fe 388 ppm, Zn 164 ppm, Mn 211 ppm, and Cu 128 ppm. This research concludes that A. marina is very potential to be used as a ruminant animal feed.

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