scholarly journals High Temperature Pressure Oxidation of a Low-Grade Nickel Sulfide Concentrate with Control of the Residue Composition

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie G. McDonald ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Peter J. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Metal Sulfate ◽  
Pressure Oxidation ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Sulfide Content ◽  
Oxidative Transformations

High temperature pressure oxidation of a low-grade nickel concentrate was examined to demonstrate the potential benefits and shortcomings of this approach. The high iron sulfide content ensured that acid generation was much greater than for higher grade concentrates. This results in the formation of basic iron sulfate phases and a significant amount of sulfuric acid. Kinetic sampling during pressure oxidation tests also demonstrated the transformation of sulfide minerals, including the oxidative transformations of pentlandite to violarite and then to vaesite, the latter phase not previously noted in studies of this kind. Finally, addition of a divalent metal sulfate buffer, here magnesium sulfate, mitigates the formation of basic iron sulfates but with greater generation of sulfuric acid in the leach liquor. Under the conditions employed in this study, this acid could be employed to leach other nickel-containing materials such as nickel laterites.

scholarly journals The High Temperature Co-Processing of Nickel Sulfide and Nickel Laterite Sources

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie G. McDonald ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nickel Sulfide ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Iron Sulfides ◽  
Nickel Laterite ◽  
Pressure Oxidation ◽  
Nickel Concentrate ◽  
Nickel Sulfide Concentrate

The pressure oxidation of low-grade nickel sulfide concentrate with high iron sulfides content generates significant amounts of sulfuric acid that must be neutralized. This acid can be utilized to leach metal values from ores such as nickel laterites. The present study demonstrates the use of a low-grade nickel concentrate generated from Poseidon Nickel Mt Windarra ore to enable additional nickel and cobalt extraction from a Bulong Nickel Operation nickel laterite blend. The co-processing of these materials at 250 °C, with oxygen overpressure, using total pulp densities of 30% or 40% w/w, and a range of nickel concentrate to nickel laterite mass ratios between 0.30–0.53, yielded base metal extractions of 95% or greater. The final free acid range was between 21.5–58.5 g/L, which indicates that enough in situ sulfuric acid was generated during co-processing. The acid was shown from mineralogical analysis to be efficiently utilized to dissolve the laterite ore, which indicates that the primary iron hydrolysis product was hematite, while the aluminum-rich sodium alunite/jarosite phase that formed hosts approximately 5% of the hydrolyzed iron.

Hastelloy G 35 сorrosion tests for intergranular corrosion resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Rate Of Penetration

The article is devoted to the analysis of corrosion behavior and assessment of the resistance of Hastelloy G 35. Nickel-based alloys (steels) containing chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, possibly iron are widely used as materials for the manufacture of equipment in high-temperature technological processes using solutions of highly hygroscopic halides (chlorides) in molten halides (chlorides) of alkali metals. During the operation of the equipment, the instability of the surface of apparatus and pipelines to corrosion is determined. In this test, 4 samples of 80×20×3 mm were used, of which 2 samples were subjected to provoking heating, and 2 samples were examined in their normal state. Our tests were carried out in a boiling aqueous solution of iron sulfate and sulfuric acid for 48 ± 0.25 h. Further, the bent samples were examined using an MBS-9 microscope with a magnification of х8. The results of corrosion tests are also presented. As a result of the study, the rate of penetration of corrosion of the alloy was calculated. Hastelloy microstructure is presented. The average depth of destruction was determined from the six maximum values detected in six fields of view. According to the research results, the corresponding conclusions were made.

Burn Notice: A Practical Solution for Labels Damaged by Pyritic Specimens

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Lu Allington-Jones ◽  
Kieran Miles ◽  
Lucia Petrera ◽  
Anna Fenlon
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
High Extent ◽  
Natural History Collections

Abstract Oxidation of pyritic fossils and iron sulfide-bearing minerals is a common problem in natural history collections, and several solutions have been developed to treat and restore these specimens to reduce continued deterioration. Labels associated with these specimens are often also severely damaged by the sulfuric acid and iron sulfate products of pyrite oxidation. This article documents trials undertaken on labels that have been contaminated with these deterioration products to a high extent and are therefore extremely fragile. It recommends a potential salvage method, even for labels that are seemingly impossible to lift out of storage trays. This project exemplifies how techniques developed across different conservation disciplines can benefit natural history collections.

REVERE No. 430

Alloy Digest ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Aluminum Bronze ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance

Abstract REVERE No. 430 is an aluminum bronze having high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and high resistance to sulfuric acid. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-63. Producer or source: Revere Copper and Brass Inc..

TIMETAL 35A

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Abstract Titanium shows outstanding resistance to seawater and marine atmospheres. It is also resistant to attack by hot metallic chloride solutions, sodium and potassium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide. The metal is resistant to attack by hot nitric acid at concentrations up to 80% and is not attacked by sulfuric acid. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TI-122. Producer or source: Timet.

Octahedral–tetrahedral equilibria in aqueous cobalt(II) solutions at high temperatures

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (14) ◽  
pp. 1418-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wilson Swaddle ◽  
Leonard Fabes
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Absorption Band ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Intensity Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Upper Limits

Evidence is presented to indicate that aqueous Co2+ exists as the hexaaquo-ion in equilibrium with minor amounts (upper limits 0.08% at 298 K, 7% at 625 K, at 16–25 MPa) of tetraaquocobalt(II), with ΔH ~ +17 kJ mol−1. The single visible absorption band of the supposed Co(H2O)42+ has maxima at 552 nm and 486 nm in the intensity ratio 2:1. Hydrogen sulfate ion (up to 0.5 M at least) does not complex Co2+(aq) detectably in acidic media, 290–625 K, and sulfuric acid therefore holds promise as a non-complexing strong monobasic acid for high-temperature aqueous studies. In water containing 2.0 M or more Cl−, the tetrahedral form of cobalt(II) is CoCl42−, ΔH for the octahedral → tetrahedral equilibrium being +62 kJ mol−1; forCoBr42−, the corresponding ΔH is +70 kJ mol−1, the greater endothermicity accounting entirely for the lower stability relative to CoCl42−.

Applicability Test of Glass Lining Material for High-Temperature Acidic Solutions of Sulfuric Acid in Thermochemical Water-Splitting IS Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Iwatsuki ◽  
Nobuyuki Tanaka ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Atsuhiko Terada ◽  
Kaoru Onuki
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Acidic Solutions ◽  
Lining Material
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