scholarly journals The Miedzianka Mountain Ore Deposit (Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Poland) as a Site of Historical Mining and Geological Heritage: A Case Study of the Teresa Adit

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ciurej ◽  
Monika Struska ◽  
Anna Wolska ◽  
Wojciech Chudzik
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Historical Mining ◽  
International Mineralogical Association ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Mining Works ◽  
A Site

There are numerous traces of mining activity in the Miedzianka Mountain (Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Poland), because copper and silver ores have been mined in this region since at least the 13th century. The history of scientific research on the Miedzianka Mountain ore deposit spans almost 200 years. Almost 40 minerals have been found: ore minerals of Cu and Fe, and also secondary minerals, including carbonates, sulphates and even very rare arsenates, phosphates and vanadates. Three new minerals have been found, staszicite, lubeckite and miedziankite, but their chemical composition has not been precisely determined and therefore their names have not been approved by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA). The Miedzianka Mountain deposit is an important area on the map of educational activities. It is included in the “Świętokrzyskie Archaeological and Geological Trail” as a site of historical (mining and metallurgy) and natural (geological sciences) heritage. Despite the large potential, none of the underground workings (adits and shafts) are currently available to the public. Our research and exploration of the Teresa adit, which is one of the historical underground complexes of the Miedzianka Mountain, show that this adit displays a wide spectrum of topics in the field of mineralogy, geology and mining history. The Teresa adit, which is a 523 m system of underground corridors, contains 270 m of natural karst caves altered by mining works and is constituted of Upper Devonian limestones, locally cut by cherry shales. In several sites of the adit unique features can be observed, such as: (1) old mining works—galleries carved in the rock back in the 19th century; (2) interesting vein mineralization with secondary-colored copper carbonates and multi-colored calcite veins; (3) mineralization with azurite domination; and (4) karst phenomena (coatings, flowstone, dripstones and stalactites) in a cave part of the adit. The sites with unique features suggest that the Teresa adit is highly suitable to be presented to tourists. That is why we propose seven sites on the underground route that could be the basis for further projects to create a “geotouristic trail” in the Teresa adit. The proposal to make the Teresa adit available to tourists is in line with the tendency to protect the post-industrial landscape associated with former mining activities.

scholarly journals Inventory of Locations of Old Mining Works Using LiDAR Data: A Case Study in Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6981
Author(s):  
Marcela Bindzarova Gergelova ◽  
Slavomir Labant ◽  
Jozef Mizak ◽  
Pavel Sustek ◽  
Lubomir Leicher
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Mining Works ◽  
Gnss Measurements ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The concept of further sustainable development in the area of administration of the register of old mining works and recent mining works in Slovakia requires precise determination of the locations of the objects that constitute it. The objects in this register have their uniqueness linked with the history of mining in Slovakia. The state of positional accuracy in the registration of objects in its current form is unsatisfactory. Different database sources containing the locations of the old mining works are insufficient and show significant locational deviations. For this reason, it is necessary to precisely locate old mining works using modern measuring technologies. The most effective approach to solving this problem is the use of LiDAR data, which at the same time allow determining the position and above-ground shape of old mining works. Two localities with significant mining history were selected for this case study. Positional deviations in the location of old mining works among the selected data were determined from the register of old mining works in Slovakia, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) measurements, multidirectional hill-shading using LiDAR, and accessible data from the open street map. To compare the positions of identical old mining works from the selected database sources, we established differences in the coordinates (ΔX, ΔY) and calculated the positional deviations of the same objects. The average positional deviation in the total count of nineteen objects comparing documents, LiDAR data, and the register was 33.6 m. Comparing the locations of twelve old mining works between the LiDAR data and the open street map, the average positional deviation was 16.3 m. Between the data sources from GNSS and the registry of old mining works, the average positional deviation of four selected objects was 39.17 m.

scholarly journals Aragonite-calcite veins of the ‘Erzberg’ iron ore deposit (Austria): Environmental implications from young fractures

Sedimentology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 604-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Boch ◽  
Xianfeng Wang ◽  
Tobias Kluge ◽  
Albrecht Leis ◽  
Ke Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Iron Ore Deposit

scholarly journals Oxazolidinone Antibiotics Target the P Site on Escherichiacoli Ribosomes

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Aoki ◽  
Lizhu Ke ◽  
Susan M. Poppe ◽  
Toni J. Poel ◽  
Elizabeth A. Weaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Peptide Bonds ◽  
A Site ◽  
Domain V ◽  
Trna Binding

ABSTRACT The oxazolidinones are a novel class of antimicrobial agents that target protein synthesis in a wide spectrum of gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria. The oxazolidinone PNU-100766 (linezolid) inhibits the binding of fMet-tRNA to 70S ribosomes. Mutations to oxazolidinone resistance in Halobacterium halobium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli map at or near domain V of the 23S rRNA, suggesting that the oxazolidinones may target the peptidyl transferase region responsible for binding fMet-tRNA. This study demonstrates that the potency of oxazolidinones corresponds to increased inhibition of fMet-tRNA binding. The inhibition of fMet-tRNA binding is competitive with respect to the fMet-tRNA concentration, suggesting that the P site is affected. The fMet-tRNA reacts with puromycin to form peptide bonds in the presence of elongation factor P (EF-P), which is needed for optimum specificity and efficiency of peptide bond synthesis. Oxazolidinone inhibition of the P site was evaluated by first binding fMet-tRNA to the A site, followed by translocation to the P site with EF-G. All three of the oxazolidinones used in this study inhibited translocation of fMet-tRNA. We propose that the oxazolidinones target the ribosomal P site and pleiotropically affect fMet-tRNA binding, EF-P stimulated synthesis of peptide bonds, and, most markedly, EF-G-mediated translocation of fMet-tRNA into the P site.

scholarly journals Sodium Nitroprusside Infusion for the Treatment of Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Weiser ◽  
Daisy Zamora ◽  
Linda Levi ◽  
Valentin Matei ◽  
Ilan Gonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
A Site ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Abstract One previous small single-center clinical trial showed that a single intravenous administration of sodium nitroprusside added-on to antipsychotics improved a wide spectrum of schizophrenia (SCZ) symptoms more than placebo, and the improvement persisted for 4 weeks after infusion even though no additional drug was given. Our study attempted to replicate these data in a 4-week, add-on, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial on 20 patients performed in a site in Romania and a site in Moldova. This study’s sample size and protocol were identical to the previous trial, including patients with a diagnosis of SCZ, within the first 5 years after diagnosis. Patients recruited needed to have a baseline total positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) score of 60 or above. Ten participants received a single dose of 0.5 µg/kg/min intravenous sodium nitroprusside over 4 hours, and 10 participants received matching placebo infusion, added-on to antipsychotics. The primary outcomes were the PANSS total score and the PANSS negative subscale. There were no significant between-group differences in PANSS total scores or negative subscale scores during the infusion on daily evaluations for the next 7 days nor on weekly evaluations at weeks 2, 3, and 4. No significant differences were found between the 2 study groups in adverse events. Meta-analyses including all 5 published randomized controlled trials on the topic, representing 155 subjects, do not show a statistically significant benefit of sodium nitroprusside. We conclude that the current evidence does not support the efficacy of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of SCZ.

scholarly journals Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Nižná Boca Sb-Au Hydrothermal Ore Deposit (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Mineralogia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Alexander Smirnov ◽  
Jaroslav Pršek ◽  
Martin Chovan
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Homogenization Temperature ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Mineral Association ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Calculated Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Gold Stage ◽  
Ore Minerals

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Nižná Boca Sb-Au Hydrothermal Ore Deposit (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)Samples from hydrothermal Sb-Au mineralization in the area SE of Nižná Boca village in the N&iAzke Tatry Mountains were investigated using a variety of geochemical and mineralogical methods. Ore minerals typically occur in N-S striking quartz-carbonate veins hosted by an I-type biotite granodiorite to tonalite of Variscan Age (the Ďumbier Type). Paragenetic associations in the deposit are comparable to other mineralizations of the same type in the Ďumbierske Nízke Tatry Mountains. A quartz-arsenopyrite, pyrite stage of mineralization is the oldest with a calculated temperature of formation of about 445°C. It is followed by a quartz-carbonate-stibnite, zinkenite stage and, in turn, a quartz-carbonate-sphalerite-galena, boulangerite-gold stage. The gold typically contains between 9-18 wt.% Ag regardless of mineral association. No evidence for further generations of gold was found although it is possible that some gold was remobilized from the structure of the auriferous arsenopyrite. The Au and Ag content of the bulk ore ranges from 0.53 g.t-1to 20.2 g.t-1and from 0.9 g.t-1to 31.2 g.t-1, respectively. A tetrahedrite-chalcopyrite stage is followed by a barite-hematite stage - the youngest assemblage in the deposit. Fluid inclusions from the first mineralization stage are usually less than 3 μm in size and contain less than 3.6 wt.% CO2; salinity, density and homogenization temperature range from 2.7-16.3 wt.% NaCl(eq), 0.85-1.03 g.cm-1and 128-280°C, respectively.

scholarly journals Primary Research of Mine Waters from the Chrustenice Iron-Ore Deposit/ Prvotní Průzkum Důlních Vod Železorudného Ložiska Chrustenice

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Tomáš Bouchal ◽  
Jaroslav Závada ◽  
Hana Vojtková ◽  
Silvie Langarová ◽  
Radim Havelek
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Iron Ore Deposit

Abstract This paper describes the primary research of mine waters in the Chrustenice Iron-ore Deposit. A particular attention is paid here to the research of microorganisms living in that environment. The goal of the research is to analyse mine waters in the area which was abandoned by people more than 45 years ago and to investigate microorganisms and representatives of species present there in the mine waters. The Chrustenice Mine ranked among the biggest and most important iron ore mines in Barrandien. This mine along with the mines in Nučice, Zdice, Nový Jáchymov and Mníšek pod Brdy contributed to the fame of the regional mining industry. Sedimentary oolitic iron ore in Chrustenice consists mostly of red iron ore based on Černín layers, siderite and, to a lesser extent, of haematite and chamosite. In exceptional cases, magnetite is present there. The Černín shale is black clay shale with sandy ingredients and many potash-mica scales. Now, the mine is flooded up to the 8th level. In the remaining area, there is a mining history museum with dozens of exhibits. In samples of the mining water taken on the site, mostly iron, manganese and sulphur microorganisms were identified. The primary study of the mine waters in the iron-ore deposit shows that, from the microbiological point of view, this site is very interesting and many chemolithotrophic species of bacteria are present there.

Geochronology at the Namew Lake Ni–Cu deposit, Flin Flon area, Manitoba, Canada: a Pb/Pb study of whole rocks and ore minerals

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1328-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Cumming ◽  
D. Krstic
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Pb Isotope ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Zircon Age ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Supergene Enrichment ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Flin Flon

Pb-isotope ratios of whole-rock specimens and mineral separates from the gneisses surrounding the Namew Lake Ni–Cu deposit, south of Flin Flon, Manitoba, are compared with the Pb-isotope ratios in the ore minerals and with recently reported zircon U/Pb analyses of samples from the gneisses and the ultramafic host of the ore. The Pb/Pb age from the gneisses is 1864 ± 8 Ma, and there is no evidence for any differences in slopes or initial ratios between individual samples. Thus, there is good agreement between the youngest zircon ages for the gneisses (1862 ± 3 Ma) and Pb/Pb ages for the same rocks. A suite of analyses from a late pegmatite, which cuts the gneisses and the ultramafic rock, yields a well-defined age of 1824 ± 5 Ma, consistent with the geologic requirement that it be younger than the ultramafic host to the orebody (zircon age of 1847 ± 6 Ma) and similar in age to late intrusive bodies in the Flin Flon area to the north.All these data are in marked contrast to apparent Pb/Pb ages for the sulfphides of the ore deposit. Pb/Pb isochron ages on the ore minerals themselves are significantly older than the ages obtained for the gneisses and the ultramafic host. The Pb/Pb data show evidence for multi-stage evolution, with most leach-residue sets yielding en echelon lines with an apparent age of 1948 ± 13 Ma, whereas the residues indicate an older age of 1996 ± 19 Ma. The apparent ages can be explained as being the result of a three-stage process whereby U/Pb ratios were reduced by a factor of 1.6–2.0 at the time of supergene enrichment of the upper part of the ore deposit. This presumably occurred during the formation of the late Precambrian peneplane in the area. One sulphide sample from near the Precambrian–Paleozoic unconformity indicates resetting of the U/Pb system at about 1121 Ma, consistent with what would be expected from the supergene enrichment process.There is some indication of retrograde metamorphic formation of epidote in the gneisses at 1728 ± Ma but no direct evidence for late Hudsonian (1700–1750 Ma) effects on the ore.

scholarly journals Kremeňovo-karbonátové žily s U-Mo-Cu mineralizáciou v permských intermediárnych až bázických vulkanitoch hronika na lokalite Kravany (Kozie chrbty, východné Slovensko)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-384
Author(s):  
Štefan Ferenc ◽  
Tomáš Mikuš ◽  
Ján Spišiak ◽  
Richard Kopáčik ◽  
Eva Hoppanová
Keyword(s):  
S Phase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Basic Volcanics ◽  
Basin Formation ◽  
Mo Content ◽  
Geological Position

Historical uranium ore deposit Kravany is located in the eastern part of Kozie Chrbty Mts., approximately 9 km SW of the district town Poprad. Stratiform, infiltration U-Cu-Pb mineralization is bound to the Upper Permian clastic sediments (Kravany Beds, member of Malužiná Formation, Hronicum Unit), which are enriched in fragments of carbonized flora. Vein U-Mo-Cu mineralization was found in the Upper Permian intermediate to basic volcanics intersecting the sediments of the Kravany Beds (also ore lenses). Vein filling originated in the following development stages: I.) Quartz-pyrite (quartz, pyrite, marcasite), II.) Dolomite-pyrite (dolomite, pyrite, marcasite, galena), III.) Copper (tetrahedrite, tennantite, chalcopyrite), IV.) Uranium-molybdenum (uraninite, Pb-Mo-S phase, coffinite, quartz), and V.) Calcite (calcite, chalcopyrite). The formation of mineralization can be explained by the geological position: random emplacement of the diorite porphyrite, resp. basalt-andesite dikes, directly in the preexisting U,Mo-bearing sediments. Vein U-Mo-Cu mineralization could thus most likely have formed according to the following scenario: I.) sedimentation of Kravany Beds in the Permian riftogenic basin: formation of beds of arkoses and arkosic sandstones with abundant fragments of charred flora, II.) formation of infiltration U mineralization: reduction and accumulation of U in sediments rich in organic matter, III.) emplacement of dikes of intermediate to basic volcanics: intersection of sediments with organics and with high U and Mo content, mobilization of formation fluids, assimilation of U and Mo into intermediate-basic magma, IV.) cooling of volcanic bodies → their contraction (formation of contraction cracks) → filling of contraction cracks with quartz, carbonates and ore minerals (crystallization from residual magmatic solutions mixed with formation waters). From this point of view it is syngenetic volcanogenic vein U-Mo-Cu mineralization, originally of the Permian age, with subsequent Alpine (most probably Cretaceous) reworking (this is evidenced by the variable composition of uraninite). It belongs to the Neohercynian late- to postorogenic metallogenetic stage. The possible younger, post-Permian age of mineralization from alpine hydrothermal solutions must also be assumed, but this consideration has several inconsistencies.

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