scholarly journals Valorization of Phosphate Mine Waste Rocks as Materials for Road Construction

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Amrani ◽  
Yassine Taha ◽  
Azzouz Kchikach ◽  
Mostafa Benzaazoua ◽  
Rachid Hakkou
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Phosphate Mine ◽  
Waste Rocks ◽  
Natural Aggregates

The road construction sector is a worldwide high consumer of natural aggregates. The use of unusual industrial by-products in road techniques can contribute to the conservation of non-renewable natural resources and the reduction of wastes produced by some industries. Phosphate waste rocks could be considered as potential alternative secondary raw materials in road construction. The use and valorization of these wastes is currently limited according to the Moroccan guide for road earthworks (GMTR). The guide has classified these materials as waste products, which consequently, cannot be used in road construction. However, phosphate waste rocks are sedimentary natural rocks which have not been subjected to any transformation other than mechanical fragmentation. The goal of this paper is to discuss key-properties of various phosphate mine waste rocks (PMWR) to be used as road materials. Samples were taken from different stockpiles in the phosphate mine site of Gantour in Morocco. The different waste rocks samples were characterized in terms of their physical, geotechnical, chemical, mineralogical and environmental properties using international testing norms. The obtained results showed that the studied PMWR presented satisfying characteristics; the specific (particle) density: ρs > 26 kN/m3, Los Angeles abrasion: 45% < LA < 58%), methylene blue value MBV < 1 g/100g, organic matter: OM < 1% and plasticity index: PI < 20%. All PMWR were confirmed as possessing the requested geotechnical properties to be used as materials for embankments. Moreover, leaching tests showed that none of them released any contaminants. In field application, these materials have been also successfully used in in situ experimental pilot testing. Therefore, the PMWR have to be classified in the category of natural aggregates that are similar to conventional materials.

Valorization of phosphate mine waste rocks as aggregates for concrete

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. El Machi ◽  
S. Mabroum ◽  
Y. Taha ◽  
A. Tagnit-Hamou ◽  
M. Benzaazoua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Waste ◽  
Phosphate Mine ◽  
Waste Rocks

Use of flint from phosphate mine waste rocks as an alternative aggregates for concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 121886
Author(s):  
Aiman El Machi ◽  
Safaa Mabroum ◽  
Yassine Taha ◽  
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou ◽  
Mostafa Benzaazoua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Waste ◽  
Phosphate Mine ◽  
Waste Rocks

scholarly journals Mechanical and Geotechnical Properties of Recycled Waste Materials: The Feasibility of using Steel Slag – Cathode Ray Tube Glass as Aggregate Replacement for Road Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1252
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Atterberg Limit ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube ◽  
Natural Aggregates

The volume of waste generated in Malaysia and throughout the globe continues to increase. Waste management and protection of the environment should be given a priority, and this requires for studied to be carried out on the problem of waste management. One of the approaches that can be adopted in this regard is to reuse waste materials as recycled products. Mechanical and geotechnical tests, namely the Los Angeles abrasion tests, the Atterberg limit test, and the sand equivalent value, were carried out to determine the suitability of using steel slag and CRT glass in the construction of road pavements. The value obtained from the laboratory test is within the JKR standard specification (JKR/SPJ/2008-S4). The objective of this study is to investigate the mechanical and geotechnical properties of steel slag and cathode ray tube (CRT) glass in order to determine the feasibility of using both materials as a natural aggregate replacement in the construction of road pavements. The result for the Los Angeles abrasion test showed that steel slag has better wear resistance and mechanical properties compared to those of the natural aggregates (granite) use in this study. The result for the Atterberg limit test showed that all three samples (granite, steel slag and CRT glass) are non-plastic. While the result for the sand equivalent value test showed that the granite sample has the highest value, followed by CRT glass and steel slag. Thus, it can be concluded that steel slag and CRT glass are suitable substitutes for natural aggregates (granites) since they have been proven to meet the requirements for the natural aggregates with similar properties. This provides an alternative use for recycled materials and the possibility of using these materials as an aggregate replacement in the construction of road pavements.

scholarly journals Influence of Aggregates on Stripping Behavior of Bituminous Mixes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-540
Author(s):  
Hillol Chakravarty ◽  
Sanjeev Sinha ◽  
Girijesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Major Factors

Moisture damage leads to premature failure of flexible pavements. The removal of bituminous coating from aggregates lead to the disintegration of bituminous mixes and is known as stripping. Various mechanisms and factors have been identified to play a role in the process, properties of aggregates being one of the major factors. This study is an attempt to analyze the influence of chemical, mineralogical and physical properties of aggregates on the stripping propensity of the loose mix. For this purpose, aggregates are chosen from six different quarry sites with diverse chemical compositions used for construction and maintenance of a large network of roads. Stripping tests are thereafter conducted on the aggregates using different percentage of hydrated lime. The amount of hydrated lime required for the prevention of stripping for concerned aggregate sources is determined. The research leads to the findings that the presence of elements such as silicon and potassium leads to a decrease in bond strength whereas the presence of calcium, sodium, iron, magnesium and aluminium enhanced the bond strength. Statistical tools and techniques are used to verify the results. Comparatively softer aggregates showed lesser resistance to stripping which could be inferred from aggregate impact and Los Angeles abrasion tests. The findings of the study can be helpful in the selection of aggregates with different chemical content for bituminous road construction depending upon the sensitivity to stripping. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091671 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Study Concerning Characterization of Some Recycled Concrete Aggregates

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Robu ◽  
Claudiu Mazilu ◽  
Radu Deju
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Recycled Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Los Angeles Test ◽  
Water Behavior ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Abstract Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) is a matter of high priority in the construction industry worldwide. In countries like the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, USA, Japan, France recycled concrete aggregates obtained from demolition are valorized up to 90%, mainly for road construction and less in the manufacture of new concrete. Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) generally result from a two-stage crushing of the concrete obtained from demolition followed by the screening and removal of contaminants (wood, plastic, metal, ceramics etc.). The literature review showed that the recycled aggregates concrete (RAC) are less resistant, with 15 to 40% versus concrete obtained using natural aggregates. The factors that play a role in the reducing of mechanical resistance are presented and analyzed in this study. This paper presents a study on the use of recycled aggregates, from a concrete of specified class, to acquire new cement concrete with different percentages of recycled aggregates. In order to evaluate the influence upon the properties of the new concrete obtained, recycled aggregates have been characterized in terms of the granulosity, the granule shape, the absorption of water, behavior to the Los Angeles test, the content of attached mortar etc.

scholarly journals Petrography and Physicomechanical Characteristics of Iyuku Granite, Southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 2926-2935
Author(s):  
Felix Chukwuka Ugbe
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Physicomechanical Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Correlations ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion

Petrography and physicomechanical characteristics of Iyuku granite from southwestern Nigeria were investigated. Rock and aggregate samples were obtained from five different quarry sites for thin-sectioning and physical and mechanical tests. The rock slides were subjected to petrographic analysis, while the aggregates were tested for the parameters of specific gravity (S.G), water absorption, aggregate impact value (AIV), aggregate crushing value (ACV), Los Angeles abrasion value (LAAV), and flakiness and elongation indices in accordance with the British Standards (B.S), American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM) and Federal Ministry of Works Standards (FMWS). The petrographic, physical, and mechanical characteristics were described by bar charts and linear graphs. The results revealed that the rocks are of medium to coarse interlocking grains, with no evidence of weathering influences, and quartz content ranging from 17% to 35%. The aggregates showed appreciable high S.G. values, very low water absorption values and low maximum permission limits for AIV, ACV and LAAV when compared with different standards. All the aggregates are adjudged to be generally strong and durable for road construction, but those with higher quartz contents are more preferable. Significant statistical correlations were established among both physical and mechanical tests conducted.

scholarly journals Assessing the moisture susceptibility of aggregates with Los Angeles abrasion test

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelia Dwidarma Nataadmadja ◽  
Oki Setyandito ◽  
Eduardi Prahara ◽  
Ida Riyanti
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Abrasion Test ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion

NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT TEST TO PREDICT THE ABRASION RESISTANCE OF ROCK AGGREGATES

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KAHRAMAN ◽  
M. S. DELIBALTA ◽  
R. COMAKLI
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Abrasion Loss ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Indirect Tests ◽  
Simple Regression

Compared to the indirect tests, the determination of the Los Angeles abrasion loss is time consuming and expensive, and requires a large amount of samples. For this reason, the prediction of Los Angeles abrasion loss from some indirect tests is useful for preliminary studies. In this study, Los Angeles abrasion, noise level (NL) measurement, density, and porosity tests were carried out on 27 different rock types such as igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. The test results were evaluated using the simple and multiple regression analysis. A good relation was found between the Los Angeles abrasion loss and the NL. In order to check the possibility of obtaining more significant relations, multiple regression analysis was performed by including density and porosity values. However, the regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficients of the multiple regression equations were slightly higher than that of the simple regression equation. Since the simple regression equation is practical and statistically significant, it is suggested for estimation purpose. In conclusion, it can be said that Los Angeles abrasion loss of aggregates can be reliably estimated from NL measurement.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE SAWABILITY OF ROCKS BY CHAIN-SAW MACHINES USING THE PROMETHEE TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Reza Mikaeil ◽  
Akbar Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Sara Aghaei ◽  
Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽  
Amir Jafarpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dimension Stone ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Schmidt Hardness ◽  
Dimension Stone Quarry

One of the most significant factors in the estimation of dimension stone quarry cost is the production rate of rock cutting machines. Evaluating the production rate of chain-saw machines is a very significant and practical issue. In this research, it has been attempted to evaluate and select the suitable working-face for a quarry by examining the maximum production rate in the Dehbid and Shayan marble quarries. For this purpose, fi eld studies were carried out which included measuring operational characteristics of the chain-saw cutting machine, the production rate and sampling for laboratory tests from seven active case studies. Subsequently, the physical and mechanical properties of rocks including: Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS), Brazilian Tensile Strength (BTS), Los Angeles abrasion, quartz content, water absorption percentage, porosity, Schmidt hardness and grain size for all sample measurements were studied after transferring the samples to a rock-mechanics laboratory. Finally, the sawability of the quarried working-faces was evaluated using the PROMETHEE multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model according to the physical and mechanical properties. The results of the study indicated that the number 1 and 5 working-faces from the Dehbid and Shayan quarries are the most suitable working-faces in terms of production rate with the maximum recorded production values (4.95 and 3.1 m2 /h), and with net fl ow rates (2.67 and -0.36) respectively.

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