scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides Extracted from Ascophyllum nodosum

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Chen ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Fast Flow

Polysaccharides from Ascophyllum nodosum (AnPS) were extracted and purified via an optimized protocol. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time of 4.3 h, extraction temperature of 84 °C and ratio (v/w, mL/g) of extraction solvent (water) to raw material of 27. The resulting yield was 9.15 ± 0.23% of crude AnPS. Two fractions, named AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 with molecular weights of 165.92 KDa and 370.68 KDa, were separated from the crude AnPS by chromatography in DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300, respectively. AnP1-1 was composed of mannose, ribose, glucuronic acid, glucose and fucose, and AnP2-1 was composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose and fucose. AnPS, AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 exhibited high scavenging activities against ABTS radical and superoxide radical, and showed protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, the immunostimulatory activities of AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 were evaluated by Caco-2 cells, the results showed both AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 could significantly promote the production of immune reactive molecules such as interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Therefore, the results suggest that AnPS and its two fractions may be explored as a potential functional food supplement.

Effect of Raw Material and Processing Factors on the Production of Effervescent Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Tea Tablets

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Tang Nguyen ◽  
Quang T Pham
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Cynara Scolymus ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Effervescent Tablet ◽  
Processing Factors

An investigation was carried out to determine the effects of some factors on the production of effervescent artichoke tea tablets from dried artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.): extraction solvent composition, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratios of leaf, flower, stalk and root of dried artichoke, concentration of spray-drying solution, spray-drying temperature, spray-drying carrier, concentration of spray-drying carrier, proportion of effervescent agent, and components proportion of effervescent agent. The recommended extraction solvent was water with 10 percent of ethanol 96 percent (v/v), with an extraction temperature of 100°C, soak time of 14 hours, first extraction time of one hour, second extraction time of three hours. The dried artichoke raw material consisted of 1.0 parts leaf, 0.5 parts flower, 1.0 parts stalk and 1.5 parts root. The recommended concentration of spray-drying solution was 20 percent, spray-drying temperature of 150°C, spray-drying carrier was maltodextrin at a concentration of 10 percent. The recommended effervescent agent consisted of 1.0 parts citric acid, 1.0 parts tartaric acid and 2.44 parts sodium bicarbonate, added at 45 percent of total weight of effervescent tablet.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Lycopene from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) by Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Feng Shi ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Yu Hua Li ◽  
Hong Xia Zeng ◽  
Yu Hong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Extraction Solvent

The extraction processing of lycopene from watermelon was investigated in this paper. Based on single factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to study the key parameters such as number of extraction, extraction temperature, extraction time in order to increase extraction rate of lycopene. A second order quadratic equation was established and the applicability of model and interaction involved factors on predicting the lycopene extracting content was verified. The results indicated that the optimum extraction conditions were hexane (containing 2% dichloromethane) as extraction solvent, ratio of solvent to raw material of 3:1 (mL/g), number of extraction of 2, extraction time of 1.9 h and extraction temperature of 29.8°C. Under these conditions the extracting content of lycopene was 14.71±0.22 mg/kg, which is well in agreement with value predicted by the model.

scholarly journals Determination of the Extraction, Physicochemical Characterization, and Digestibility of Sulfated Polysaccharides in Seaweed—Porphyra haitanensis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Mingshuang Dong ◽  
Yanhui Jiang ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
Xiaolu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Porphyra Haitanensis

The aim of the study was to extract Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides (PHPs) using the water extraction and alcohol precipitation methods and explore their antioxidant activity and physicochemical properties. The single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodologies were used to optimize the extraction of polysaccharides from Porphyra haitanensis. Our results showed that the polysaccharide yield was as high as 20.48% with a raw material to water ratio of 0.04, and extraction time of 3 h at 80 °C. The extraction rate observed was similar to the actual extraction rate, thus proving the reliability of the optimization model. The extracted polysaccharides primarily consisted of galactose, glucose, and fucose in the molar ratio 76.2:2.1:1, respectively. The high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) results showed that the molecular weight of the PHPs obtained was 6.3 × 105 Da, and the sulfate content was 2.7 mg/mL. Fourier infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the functional groups and structures of the polysaccharides. The effect of concentration, temperature, and pH on the apparent viscosity of the PHPs solution were studied using rheology experiments, which revealed that PHPs were a “non-Newtonian fluid” with shear-thinning behavior. The viscosity of the PHPs gradually increased with increasing sugar concentration, and decreased with increasing temperature, acidity, and alkalinity. Detection of the antioxidant activity of OH*, DPPH*, and ABTS* revealed that the scavenging activity of ABTS* was higher than that of OH* and DPPH* in the concentration range of 1–5 mg/mL. In the experiments of simulating gastric juice and alpha amylase in vitro, it was found that PHPs can better resist digestion of alpha amylase, and have better resistance than fructooligosaccharide (FOS), so PHPs have potential prebiotic activity. These findings demonstrate the potential of PHPs for use in the food and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Extraction Optimization, Structural Characterization, and Anticoagulant Activity of Acidic Polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula-judae

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Bian ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
John Shi
Keyword(s):  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Auricularia Auricula ◽  
Fast Flow

To explore Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharides (AAP) as natural anticoagulants for application in the functional food industry, ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) was optimized for the extraction of AAP by using a response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum extraction yield of crude AAP (14.74 mg/g) was obtained at the optimized extraction parameters as follows: Extraction temperature (74 °C), extraction time (27 min), the ratio of liquid to raw material (103 mL/g), and ultrasound power (198 W). Furthermore, the acidic AAP (aAAP) was precipitated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) from crude AAP (cAAP). aAAP was further purified using ion exchange chromatography with a DEAE Purose 6 Fast Flow column to obtain aAAP-1. Additionally, according to the HPLC analysis, the aAAP-1 was mainly composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, and xylose, with a molar ratio of 80.63:9.88:2.25:1:31.13. Moreover, the results of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) indicated aAAP-1 had anticoagulant activity, which was a synergic anticoagulant activity by the endogenous and exogenous pathway.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Biological activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Cultivated Solieria filiformis Rhodophyta

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Caamal-Fuentes ◽  
Daniel Robledo ◽  
Yolanda Freile-Pelegrín
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Marine Alga ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Solieria Filiformis ◽  
C Nmr

Crude and alkali treated carrageenan from the cultivated marine alga Solieria filiformis (Rhodophyta) were obtained, characterized and evaluated for their cytotoxic and antiprotozoal activities. Yields, molecular weights and chemical composition of carrageenans were determined. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR and CP-MAS 13C NMR spectra. Crude and alkali treated carrageenan seems to be chemically similar to the iota-family carrageenan. Crude carrageenan showed antiprotozoal activity against Giardia intestinalis.

scholarly journals Potential of Probiotic Frozen Blackcurrant Products: Consumer Preference, Physicochemical Characterization, and Cell Viability

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Kati Väkeväinen ◽  
Noora Rinkinen ◽  
Roosa-Maria Willman ◽  
Jenni Lappi ◽  
Kaisa Raninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Frozen Food ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Food Applications

Blackcurrant is a healthy, affordable, and traditionally gardened berry that, thus far, has been underused in food applications. From the consumers’ point of view, the acidic taste of blackcurrants is a challenge; therefore, these berries have mainly been utilized for sugary juice production. This research study aimed to develop a frozen vegan blackcurrant product with pleasant sensory properties and potential probiotic function. A candidate probiotic, Lactoplantibacillus plantarum Q823, was used in the manufacturing process. The physicochemical properties, nutritional composition, and consumer preference for the developed product were assessed, as was the viability of L. plantarum Q823 during storage time and in an in vitro gastrointestinal model. Consumers (n = 71) perceived the developed product to be pleasant. L. plantarum Q823 had high viability counts (log colony forming units (cfu) g−1 7.0 ± 0.38) in the final product, although the viability of L. plantarum Q823 during storage time needs to be enhanced to obtain a probiotic product. Thus, within an optimized formulation, blackcurrant berries represent a potential raw material for functional frozen food products.

scholarly journals Green extraction of proteins, umami and other free amino acids from brown macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viruja Ummat ◽  
Marco Garcia-Vaquero ◽  
Mahesha M. Poojary ◽  
Marianne N. Lund ◽  
Colm O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Extraction Solvent

AbstractSeaweeds are a valuable potential source of protein, as well as free amino acids (FAAs) with umami flavour which are in high demand by the food industry. The most commonly used flavouring agents in the food industry are chemically synthesised and therefore are subject to concerns regarding their safety and associated consumer resistance. This study focuses on the effects of extraction time (1 and 2 h) and solvents (0.1 M HCl, 1% citric acid and deionised water) on the extraction of protein and FAAs including umami FAAs from Irish brown seaweeds (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus). Extraction yields were influenced by both the extraction solvent and time, and also varied according to the seaweed used. Both seaweeds investigated were found to be good sources of protein, FAAs including umami FAAs, demonstrating potential application as flavouring agents in the food industry. Overall, the use of green solvents (deionised water and citric acid) resulted in higher recoveries of compounds compared to HCl. The results of this study will facilitate the use of more sustainable solvents in industry for the extraction of proteins and flavouring agents from seaweed.

Optimization of the Ultrasonic Extraction of Gypenoside III from Gynostemma pentaphyllum by Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1866-1870
Author(s):  
Xiao Dan Tang ◽  
Hai Yang Hang ◽  
Shao Yan Wang ◽  
Jing Xiang Cong
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Ultrasonic Time

Gypenosides III is a major bioactive component which is rich in Gynostemma pentaphyllum. For better utilization of the native resource, response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions of gypenosides III from G. pentaphyllum. The effects of three independent variables on the extraction yield of gypenosides III were investigated and the optimal conditions were evaluated by means of Box-Behnken design. The optimal conditions are as follows: ratio of ethanol to raw material 25, extraction temperature 58°C and ultrasonic time 25min. Under these conditions, the yield of gypenoside III is 1.216±0.05%, which is agreed closely with the predicted yield value.

scholarly journals Identification of Heparin Modifications and Polysaccharide Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Invasion That Have Potential for Novel Drug Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle J. Boyle ◽  
Mark Skidmore ◽  
Benjamin Dickerman ◽  
Lynsay Cooper ◽  
Anthony Devlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Merozoite Invasion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Falciparum Merozoite ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
Novel Drug

ABSTRACT Despite recent successful control efforts, malaria remains a leading global health burden. Alarmingly, resistance to current antimalarials is increasing and the development of new drug families is needed to maintain malaria control. Current antimalarials target the intraerythrocytic developmental stage of the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle. However, the invasive extracellular parasite form, the merozoite, is also an attractive target for drug development. We have previously demonstrated that heparin-like molecules, including those with low molecular weights and low anticoagulant activities, are potent and specific inhibitors of merozoite invasion and blood-stage replication. Here we tested a large panel of heparin-like molecules and sulfated polysaccharides together with various modified chemical forms for their inhibitory activity against P. falciparum merozoite invasion. We identified chemical modifications that improve inhibitory activity and identified several additional sulfated polysaccharides with strong inhibitory activity. These studies have important implications for the further development of heparin-like molecules as antimalarial drugs and for understanding merozoite invasion.

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