Effect of Raw Material and Processing Factors on the Production of Effervescent Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Tea Tablets

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Tang Nguyen ◽  
Quang T Pham
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Cynara Scolymus ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Effervescent Tablet ◽  
Processing Factors

An investigation was carried out to determine the effects of some factors on the production of effervescent artichoke tea tablets from dried artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.): extraction solvent composition, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratios of leaf, flower, stalk and root of dried artichoke, concentration of spray-drying solution, spray-drying temperature, spray-drying carrier, concentration of spray-drying carrier, proportion of effervescent agent, and components proportion of effervescent agent. The recommended extraction solvent was water with 10 percent of ethanol 96 percent (v/v), with an extraction temperature of 100°C, soak time of 14 hours, first extraction time of one hour, second extraction time of three hours. The dried artichoke raw material consisted of 1.0 parts leaf, 0.5 parts flower, 1.0 parts stalk and 1.5 parts root. The recommended concentration of spray-drying solution was 20 percent, spray-drying temperature of 150°C, spray-drying carrier was maltodextrin at a concentration of 10 percent. The recommended effervescent agent consisted of 1.0 parts citric acid, 1.0 parts tartaric acid and 2.44 parts sodium bicarbonate, added at 45 percent of total weight of effervescent tablet.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Lycopene from Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) by Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Feng Shi ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Yu Hua Li ◽  
Hong Xia Zeng ◽  
Yu Hong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Extraction Solvent

The extraction processing of lycopene from watermelon was investigated in this paper. Based on single factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to study the key parameters such as number of extraction, extraction temperature, extraction time in order to increase extraction rate of lycopene. A second order quadratic equation was established and the applicability of model and interaction involved factors on predicting the lycopene extracting content was verified. The results indicated that the optimum extraction conditions were hexane (containing 2% dichloromethane) as extraction solvent, ratio of solvent to raw material of 3:1 (mL/g), number of extraction of 2, extraction time of 1.9 h and extraction temperature of 29.8°C. Under these conditions the extracting content of lycopene was 14.71±0.22 mg/kg, which is well in agreement with value predicted by the model.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides Extracted from Ascophyllum nodosum

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Chen ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Fast Flow

Polysaccharides from Ascophyllum nodosum (AnPS) were extracted and purified via an optimized protocol. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time of 4.3 h, extraction temperature of 84 °C and ratio (v/w, mL/g) of extraction solvent (water) to raw material of 27. The resulting yield was 9.15 ± 0.23% of crude AnPS. Two fractions, named AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 with molecular weights of 165.92 KDa and 370.68 KDa, were separated from the crude AnPS by chromatography in DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300, respectively. AnP1-1 was composed of mannose, ribose, glucuronic acid, glucose and fucose, and AnP2-1 was composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose and fucose. AnPS, AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 exhibited high scavenging activities against ABTS radical and superoxide radical, and showed protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, the immunostimulatory activities of AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 were evaluated by Caco-2 cells, the results showed both AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 could significantly promote the production of immune reactive molecules such as interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Therefore, the results suggest that AnPS and its two fractions may be explored as a potential functional food supplement.

scholarly journals Extraction of Illegal Dyes from Red Chili Peppers with Cholinium-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqiang Zhu ◽  
Dongling Liu ◽  
Xinyue Zhu ◽  
Along Su ◽  
Haixia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Orange G

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new kind of green solvents have been used to extract bioactive compounds but there are few applications in extracting chrysoidine dyes. In this study, we developed an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method with choline chloride/hydrogen bond donor (ChCl/HBD) DES for the extraction of chrysoidine G (COG), astrazon orange G (AOG), and astrazon orange R (AOR) in food samples. Some experimental parameters, such as extraction time, raw material/solvent ratio, and temperature, were evaluated and optimized as follows: the ratio of ChCl/HBD, 1 : 2 (v/v); the ratio of sample/DES, 1 : 10 (g/mL); extraction time, 20 min; extraction temperature, 50°C. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (μg/mL) were 0.10 for COG and 0.06 for AOG and AOR. The relative standard deviations were in the range of 1.2–2.1%. The recoveries of the three dyes were in the range of 80.2–105.0%. By comparing with other commonly used solvents for extracting chrysoidine dyes, the advantages of DESs proved them to be potential extraction solvents for chrysoidine G, astrazon orange G, and astrazon orange R in foods.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION CONDITION EXTRACTION USED ENZYME WITH RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY TO EXTRACT ROSELLE PETALS (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardiah Mardiah ◽  
Rima Nidaul Hasanah ◽  
Noli Novidahlia ◽  
A.E. Zainal Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Cellulase Enzymes ◽  
Yield Level

Roselle petals can be made into extracts as a source of raw material for food products and other products. Previous research states that the use of pectinase and cellulase enzymes can increase the yield including the anthocyanin content. This study aims to optimize the extraction conditions of roselle flower petals  (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) using pectinase and cellulase enzymes by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The treatment conditions were using pectinase and cellulase enzyme (1: 1) with concentrations in the range between 500-1500 ppm, extraction temperature between 35-65 oC and extraction time between 30-90 minutes. Analysis of the best treatment was carried out on the yield level, anthocyanin content and total dissolved solids tested using central composite design, obtained R2 values for the three responses of 0.6. The results showed that based on the surface response, the optimum conditions of the best  extraction of the rosella at the addition of enzyme concentration of 1000 ppm, extraction temperature of 50 oC and extraction time of 10 minutes. In this condition, the yield of dried extracts of rosella was 84,20%, anthocyanins content 479,70 mg/L and total soluble solid 2,13 oBrix.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Extraction of Tropane Alkaloids from Radix physochlainae Using as Extractant an Ionic Liquid with Similar Structure

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alula Yohannes ◽  
Baohui Zhang ◽  
Bing Dong ◽  
Shun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Tropane Alkaloids ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Extraction Mechanism ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Solid Liquid

In this research, tropane alkaloids in Radix physochlainae were extracted by tropine-type ionic liquid (IL) aqueous solutions under ultrasound assistance, and N-propyltropine hexafluorophosphate ([C3Tr][PF6]) was found to be the most ideal IL in this extraction mode after comprehensive screening. When 0.03 mol/L [C3Tr][PF6] aqueous solution was chosen as the extraction solvent, the solid-liquid ratio of raw material powders and ionic liquid aqueous solution was 1:20 (g/mL), ultrasonic power was 90 W and extraction time was 30 min, the extraction efficiency of tropane alkaloids has reached 121.3%. Compared with common heating extraction, it can further shorten the extraction time, improve extraction efficiency and decrease IL consumption. Furthermore, extraction mechanism together with potential toxicity of IL have been explored and discussed.

Optimization of Crude Polysaccharides Extraction from Plantago ovata Forsk Seed by Response Surface Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-363
Author(s):  
Ehsan Sadeghi ◽  
Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad H. Shirgardoun ◽  
Fatemeh Askari ◽  
Masoumeh Taghizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Plantago Ovata

Background: Plantago ovata Forsk (Psyllium seed) is an annual plant of plantago genus. This plant widely grows in India and Iran. The Psyllium seed contains mucilage, protein, sugar, fat and tannins. Seed’s husk is a known source to extract hydrocolloid. Objective: The aim of this study was to optimize gum extraction from the Psyllium seed. Methods: The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to estimate the effect of independent variables on the extraction yield of Psyllium gum. The obtained experimental data were fitted to a second- order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis and analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. A central composite design (CCD) was used for experimental design and analysis of the results to obtain the best possible combination of extraction temperature (X1= 60-80°C), extraction time (X2= 1-3 h), and the ratio of water to raw material (X3= 30-70%) for the maximum gum extraction. Results: Optimum extraction conditions were extraction temperature of 79°C, extraction time of 2.5 h, and the ratio of water to the raw material of 57%. The experimental extraction yield under optimal conditions was found to be 9 ± 0.25%, which was in agreement with the predicted value of 9.4%. Conclusion: This study showed that Psyllium gum can be used as a hydrocolloid source for pharmaceutical and food industry such as edible films for food packaging.

Extraction of Polysaccharide From Zizyphus Lotus Fruits

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moncef Chouaibi ◽  
Leila Rezig ◽  
Khaled Ben daoued ◽  
Nesrine Mahfoudhi ◽  
Habib Bouhafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Contour Plots

Abstract In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharides from the pulp of Zizyphus lotus fruit. A central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used for experimental design and analysis of the results to obtain the optimal processing parameters. Ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and water to raw material ratio were found to have a significant effect ( p < 0.05) on the yield of Zizyphus lotus polysaccharide. The 3-D response surface and contour plots, derived from the mathematical model, were applied to determine the optimal conditions. The optimum conditions were as follows: water to raw material ratio 22.04:1, ethanol concentration of 83.30 %, extraction time of 2.65 h, and extraction temperature of 66.31 °C. Under these conditions, the experimental percentage value was 17.35±0.07 %, which is in well close agreement with the value predicted by the model (17.29 %). The results of physicochemical analysis showed that the main sugar composition of Zizyphus lotus polysaccharide, purified by Sephadex G-75 gel permeation chromatography, was glucose followed by arabinose, mannose and rhamnose.

Optimization of Extraction of Bioactive Material-Polysaccharides from the Roots of Taraxacum mongolicum by Box-Behnken Experimental Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
Kai Chang ◽  
Guang Ren Sun ◽  
Da Di Yao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Changbai Mountains ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Extraction Parameters ◽  
Materials Used

Dandelion (Taraxacum spp) is an medical active materials used in many traditional and modern herbal medical systems, its polysaccharides have many bioactivities. Taraxacum mongolicum is one of the most widely consumed as Chinese herbal medicine and root tea in Changbai Mountains area, Northeast China. In this study, a procedure for the extraction of polysaccharides from the root of T mongolicum(TMRPS) was established. Based on single-variable tests experiment to determine the ranges of the extraction parameters (extraction temperature (X1), extraction time (X2), and ratio of solvent to raw material (X3)), response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize for these extraction parameters (X1, X2, X3) enhancing the forward extraction efficiency of TMRPS by a three-level three-variable Box-Behnken experimental design. The results showed that the ranges of the extraction parameters were determined as 60°C-80°C(X1),1h-3h (X2),20-40(v/m)(X3) by single-variable tests and the maximal yield (9.01%) of TMRPS was reached at extraction temperature 70.2°C, extraction time 1.79 h and ratio of solvent to raw material 28.0 (v):1 (m). Convenient for experiment, appropriate readjustment of these extraction parameters was made. Under these readjusted conditions, the mean extraction yield of TMRPS was 8.85%, which was near to theoretical calculation and indicates that these results were agree closely with model predictions.

scholarly journals Study on Extraction Technology of Pitaya Polysaccharide

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02052
Author(s):  
Feng Xuehua ◽  
Song Zurong ◽  
Tao Ali ◽  
Gong Panpan
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Using pitaya as raw material, this paper used ethanol subsiding method to study the extraction technology of pitaya polysaccharide by single factor test and orthogonal test. Through orthogonal test, we have found the optimum extraction conditions of pitaya polysaccharide as follows: extraction temperature 60℃, solid-liquid ratio 1:30, extraction time 3h. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the yield of pitaya polysaccharide was 1.13%.

scholarly journals Optimization of Gentisides Extraction fromGentiana rigescensFranch. ex Hemsl. by Response Surface Methodology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Chu ◽  
Yao Shi ◽  
Zhimin Li ◽  
Hao Tian ◽  
Wanyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Therapeutic Substance ◽  
Gentiana Rigescens ◽  
Univariate Test

Gentisides are a class of chemical compounds which is considered as potential therapeutic substance for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The heat reflux extraction conditions were optimized for seven kinds of gentisides from the root and rhizome ofGentiana rigescensFranch. ex Hemsl. by employing response surface method. Based on univariate test, a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to the survey of relationships between response value (gentisides yield) and independent variables which were chosen from various extraction processes, including extraction temperature, extraction time, and solvent-material ratio. The optimized conditions for this extraction are as follows: extraction time of 3.40 h, extraction temperature of 74.33°C, and ratio of solvent to raw material of 10.21 : 1 mL/g. Verification assay revealed that the predicted value (99.24%) of extraction parameters from this model was mainly conformed to the experimentally observed values (98.61±0.61).

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