Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures Versus Drug Resistance: Promising Scenarios in Cancer Treatment

Carbon nanostructures (CN) are emerging valuable materials for the assembly of highly engineered multifunctional nanovehicles for cancer therapy, in particular for counteracting the insurgence of multi-drug resistance (MDR). In this regard, carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene oxide (GO), and fullerenes (F) have been proposed as promising materials due to their superior physical, chemical, and biological features. The possibility to easily modify their surface, conferring tailored properties, allows different CN derivatives to be synthesized. Although many studies have explored this topic, a comprehensive review evaluating the beneficial use of functionalized CNT vs G or F is still missing. Within this paper, the most relevant examples of CN-based nanosystems proposed for MDR reversal are reviewed, taking into consideration the functionalization routes, as well as the biological mechanisms involved and the possible toxicity concerns. The main aim is to understand which functional CN represents the most promising strategy to be further investigated for overcoming MDR in cancer.

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Akt-targeted therapy as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in breast cancer – A comprehensive review from chemotherapy to immunotherapy

Pharmacological Research ◽

10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 156 ◽

pp. 104806 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli ◽

Fatemeh Salimian ◽

Sevil Aghapour ◽

Shixin Xiang ◽

Qijie Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Promising Strategy

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Cloning, expression, purification and functional analysis of a specific multi-epitope protein from multi drug resistance Acinetobacter baumannii

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v13i5.7429 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Davoudi ◽

Amirhossein Taromchi ◽

Bahram Kazemi ◽

Mojgan Bandehpour ◽

Nariman Mosaffa

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Recombinant Protein ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Cloning And Expression ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Expression And Purification ◽

Bam Complex ◽

Promising Strategy ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Informatics Tools

Background and Objectives: Immunization is a promising strategy to combat against the life-threatening infections by Multi Drug Resistance Acinetobacter baumannii. In this study, we directed to design and evaluate the efficacy of a recombi- nant multi-epitope protein against this pathogen. Materials and Methods: Epitopes prediction was performed for candidate proteins OmpA and BAM complex (BamA, BamB, BamC, BamD, BamE) from A. baumannii, using immune-informatics tools with high affinity for the human HLA alleles. After expression and purification of the recombinant protein, its functional activity was confirmed by interaction with positive sera. Results: Cloning and expression of the desired multi-epitopes protein were verified. Circular Dichroism study showed the secondary structure and proper refolding of the recombinant protein was achieved and matched with computational predic- tion. There was a significant interaction between designed protein with antibodies presented in ICU patients' and staff's sera. Conclusion: The interaction of the recombinant protein with patients' sera antibodies suggests that it may be a promising determinant protein for immunization against of MDR A. baumannii.

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Proton pump inhibitors can reverse the YAP mediated paclitaxel resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer

BMC Molecular and Cell Biology ◽

10.1186/s12860-019-0227-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jing He ◽

Xiao-Yan Shi ◽

Zhi-min Li ◽

Xiao-hua Pan ◽

Ze-Lian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma ◽

Cytotoxic Agents ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Paclitaxel Resistance ◽

Promising Strategy ◽

Lethal Doses

Abstract Background Several reports indicated that the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) was associated with multi-drug resistance. Acidic microenvironment increased by the overexpression of vacuolar-ATPase (V-ATPase) was also observed in tumor growth and drug resistance. We hypothesize that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), currently used in the anti-acid treatment of peptic disease, could inhibit the acidification of the tumor microenvironment and increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to cytotoxic agents. Thus, our objective is to explore the reversal of drug resistance by the inhibition of YAP through specific PPIs in the epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) cells. . Results We found that V-ATPase D1 was a positive regulator of YAP. Sub-lethal doses of the proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole (EMSO) in combination with paclitaxel (PTX) increased the PTX sensitivity in PTX-resistant EOC cells, as compared to PTX single treatments by inhibiting YAP and reserving pH gradient created by the V-ATPase D1. Moreover, sub-lethal doses of EMSO combined with PTX decreased autophagy and improved caspases independent apoptosis of PTX-resistant EOC cells. Conclusions These results suggested that sub-lethal doses of esomeprazole reverse YAP-mediated PTX resistance through the inhibiting of both YAP expression and acidic tumor microenvironment created by the V-ATPase D1. Therefore, we think the use of PPIs represents a promising strategy to improve the effectiveness of anti-EOC.

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Carbon nanostructures in biology and medicine

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/c7tb00891k ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (32) ◽

pp. 6437-6450 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Haiyun Liu ◽

Lina Zhang ◽

Mei Yan ◽

Jinghua Yu

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electrical Properties ◽

Carbon Dots ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Carbon Nanomaterials ◽

Biological Imaging ◽

Electrochemical Sensing ◽

Physical Chemical

Carbon nanostructures have unique physical, chemical, and electrical properties, which have attracted great interest from scientists. Carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene and other carbon nanomaterials are being successfully implemented in electrochemical sensing, biomedical and biological imaging.

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Carbon nanostructure-based superhydrophobic surfaces and coatings

Nanotechnology Reviews ◽

10.1515/ntrev-2021-0039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 518-571

Author(s):

Viswanathan S. Saji

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Research And Development ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Graphitic Carbon ◽

Superhydrophobic Surfaces ◽

Nanostructured Carbon ◽

Carbon Nanostructure ◽

Oil Separation ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Carbon Soot

Abstract Research and development on superhydrophobic carbon nanostructures and their nanocomposites have high industrial significance. Here, a comprehensive review of the topic is provided. Reported works on superhydrophobic surfaces and coatings of carbon nanotubes, nanofibres, nanospheres/nanothorns/others, nanodiamond, fullerene and their various nanocomposites with metals, ceramics, and polymers are described. Superhydrophobic nanostructured carbon soot, graphitic carbon, and others are also presented. The section on superhydrophobic graphene is presented concisely at the end. Reports in different application areas, including anti-corrosion, anti-icing, oil separation, anti-biofouling, and sensors, are discussed separately. Superoleophobic and superamphiphobic surfaces are also discussed.

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Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Melanoma

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26040785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 785

Author(s):

Roberta Cassano ◽

Massimo Cuconato ◽

Gabriella Calviello ◽

Simona Serini ◽

Sonia Trombino

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Innovative Strategy ◽

Different Types ◽

Specific Alternative ◽

Melanoma Patients

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, with few possibilities for therapeutic approaches, due to its multi-drug resistance and, consequently, low survival rate for patients. Conventional therapies for treatment melanoma include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, which have various side effects. For this reason, in recent years, pharmaceutical and biomedical research has focused on new sito-specific alternative therapeutic strategies. In this regard, nanotechnology offers numerous benefits which could improve the life expectancy of melanoma patients with very low adverse effects. This review aims to examine the latest advances in nanotechnology as an innovative strategy for treating melanoma. In particular, the use of different types of nanoparticles, such as vesicles, polymers, metal-based, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, solid lipid, microneedles, and their combination with immunotherapies and vaccines will be discussed.

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